LiLIACEAE 



309 



ually narrowed at base; scapes flattened, broader at the top, 

 narrowly winged on margin, 30-50 cm. long, 4-7 mm. wide; 

 racemes 7-10 cm. long, rather densely flowered, the lower 

 bracts linear, membranous and dilated at base, the pedicels 

 3-8 in a group, fascicled, 1-2 cm. long, jointed at or above the 

 middle; flowers nodding, 7-8 mm. long, pale purple; anthers 



lanceolate, 4-5 mm. long; seeds blue. Aug. Honshu (w. 



distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Often planted, and there is a garden 

 cultivar with white-variegated leaves. Ryukyus. 



2. Ophiopogon planiscapus Nakai. 0. japonictis var. 

 wallichianus Ma-xim., excl. syn.; O. wallichiantis sensu auct. 

 Japon., non Hook. f. Oba-ja-no-hige. Plants with par- 

 tially fusiform-thickened roots and often with slender stolons; 

 leaves 30-50 cm. long, 4-6 mm. wide, deep green, flat, 

 several-ner\'ed, gradually narrowed above, obtuse, scabrid- 

 ulous on the margin especially above; scapes 20-30 cm. long, 

 3-angled, compressed, 1.5-2 mm. wide; racemes 5-7 cm. long; 

 flowers pale purple or white, 6-7 mm. long, nodding, the bracts 

 linear-lanceolate, the pedicels 1-3 in a group, 5-10 mm. long, 

 jointed at or above the middle; anthers 2.5-3 mm. long; seeds 



dull blue. July-Aug. Woods and thickets in lowlands and 



foothills; Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu. 



3. Ophiopogon japonicus (L. f.) Ker-Gawl. Convd- 



laria japonica L. f.; C. japonica var. minor Thunb. Ja-no- 



HiGE. Perennial herb with slender stolons; roots partially 



thickened; leaves fasciculate, somewhat arcuate above, 10-20 

 (-30) cm. long, 2-3(-4) mm. wide, few-nerved, obtuse; scapes 

 7-12 cm. long, compressed, 1-1.5 mm. wide, acute on margin; 

 racemes solitary, 1-3 cm. long, about 10-fiowered, the flowers 

 pale purple to nearly white, 4-5 mm. long, nodding, the pedi- 

 cels 2-6 mm. long, jointed at the middle or just below the 

 flower; anthers about 2.5 mm. long; seeds globose, deep blue. 



July-Aug. Shaded places in lowlands to the foothills; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; often planted in our 

 gardens. Korea and China. 



Var. caespitosus Okuyama. Kabudachi-ja-no-hige. Rhi- 

 zomes tufted, the plants scarcely stoloniferous. Honshu 



(Avva Prov.). 



4. Ophiopogon ohwii Okuyama. Mondo longifolium 

 Ohwi; O. longifolium Ohwi, non Decne.; Mondo gracile var. 

 brevipedicellatum Koidz.; 0. gracilis var. brevipedicellatus 



(Koidz.) Nemoto; O. japonicus var. timbrosus Maxim. Na- 



gaba-ja-no-hige. Rhizomes short, densely tufted; stolons 

 absent; leaves suberect, 30-40 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 mm. wide, 3- 

 to 5-nerved, scabrous above, obtuse; scapes about half as long 

 as the leaves, flat, acutely angled, about 1.5 mm. across; ra- 

 cemes 6-8 cm. long, rather densely flowered; flowers white, 

 4—5 mm. long, nodding, the pedicels 2-4 in a group, 8-12 

 mm. long, jointed near the middle; anthers about 2.5 mm. 

 long. Aug. Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



39. ALETRIS L. 



SoKUSHIN-RAN ZoKU 



Rhizomes short; leaves mainly radical, tufted, linear to lanceolate, vivid to pale green; scapes usually simple, sometimes naked; 

 inflorescence terminal, racemose, the bracts relatively small, lanceolate; flowers subsessile or short-pedicelled, small, tubular- 

 campanulate, white or yellow-green, the perianth tubular, becoming suburceolate in fruit, the segments ascending, persistent in 

 fruit; stamens 6, the filaments short, the anthers ovate; ovary adnate to the perianth-tube; style simple; seeds many, small. 

 About 10 species, in e. Asia, Malaysia, Tibet, Himalayas, and N. America. 



lA. Leaves linear, 3-7 mm. wide, 3-nerved; scapes and exterior of perianth with short curly farinaceous hairs; flowers white. . . \. A. spicata 

 IB. Leaves lanceolate to oblanceolate, 1-2 cm. wide, 7- to 11 -nerved; scapes and exterior of the perianth glandular-viscid. . . 2. A. joliata 



1. Aletris spicata (Thunb.) Franch. Hypoxis spicata 



Thunb.; H. jarinosa Thunb.; A. japonica Lamb. Sokushin- 



RAN. Rhizomes stout, short; leaves linear, pale green, 3- 

 ribbed, 15-30 cm. long, 3-7 mm. wide, slightly folded; scapes 

 erect, few to se\'eral, 30-50 cm. long, sparingly leafy, with 

 short white curled farinaceous hairs; spike 15-25 cm. long, 

 many-flowered, the bracts linear, longer to shorter than the 

 flowers, the pedicels nearly absent; flowers erect, 5-6 mm. long, 

 white and someumes slightly tinged dull red; fruit obovoid, 



about 3 mm. long. Apr.-May. Hills and low mountains; 



Honshu (Kanto Distr. and wesrw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; com- 

 moner wesnv. Ryukyus and Formosa. 



2. Aletris foliata (Maxim.) Bureau & Franch. Metanar- 



thecium joliatum Maxim.; A. dickjnsii Franch. Nebari- 



NOGi-RAN. Rhizomes stout, short; leaves lanceolate or ob- 

 lanceolate, sometimes linear-lanceolate, 10-20 cm. long, 1-2 

 cm. wide, acute to acuminate, vivid green, glabrous, charta- 

 ceous, about 10-nerved, spreading; scapes 20-40 cm. long, glan- 

 dular-viscid above, with few small linear leaves; spike solitary, 

 5-20 cm. long, loosely flowered below, the bracts lanceolate, 

 shorter to slightly longer than the flowers; flowers rather 

 many, short-pedicelled, 6-8 mm. long, yellow-green, glandular- 

 viscid on the exterior; capsules 3-4 mm. long, enveloped by 

 the persistent perianth-tube. June-Aug. Mountain mead- 

 ows and lower alpine regions; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and 

 centr. distr.), Shikoku. 



40. SMILAX L. 



Shiode Zoku 



Scandent or erect, branched, dioecious shrubs or herbs usually with tendrils; leaves 2-ranked, alternate, often evergreen, lan- 

 ceolate to elliptic or cordate-orbicular, 3- to 7-nerved, petiolate; umbels few- to many-flowered, die flowers yellowish green, the 

 tepals free; stamens 6(-15) in the staminate flowers, the staminodia (l-)6 in the pistillate flowers; ovary ovoid, 3-locular, the 



ovules 1-2 in each locule; stigmas 3; berry globose; seeds few. About 300 species, abundant in the Tropics, several in e. Asia, 



N. America, and the Mediterranean region. 



1 A. Unarmed herbs, the stems dying in winter; leaves herbaceous to membranous; anthers coiled after anthcsis. 

 2A. Leaves relatively thin, membranous, vivid green above, pale white and glaucescent beneath, rounded to truncate at base, the 



petioles 1-4 cm. long; anthers narrowly oblong, about 0.7 mm. long, 1/5 to 1/3 as long as the filaments 1. 5. nipponica 



2B. Leaves relatively thick, green and lustrous above, pale green beneath, usually cordate, the petioles 5-25 mm. long; anthers linear, 



nearly 2 mm. long, Yi lo Yz zs long as the filaments 2. 5. riparia var. ussuricnsis 



