Burmanniaceae; Orchidaceae 319 



pressed, 1-3 mm. long; flowers (1)2-8, whitish, in a loose ter- orbicular; capsules subglobose, about 2 mm. across. Scpt.- 



minal cyme, the bracts simulating the scalelike leaves, the pedi- Oct. Woods in the foothills; s. Kyushu (Tanegashima) . 



eels slender; perianth 4-5 mm. long, the outer lobes broadly Ryukyus. 

 deltoid, obtuse, about 0.5 mm. long, the inner ones minute, 



2. GLAZIOCHARIS Taub. ex Warming Tanuki-no-shokudai Zoku 



Delicate saprophytic herbs, from slender elongate branched rhizomes; stems simple, with small scalelike leaves; flowers rela- 

 tively large, solitary and terminal on the scape, the perianth-tube urceolate, the lobes 6, the outer whorl free, the inner segments 

 free or connate at apex, with a filiform or linear, sometimes apically thickened appendage at apex, the tube with a ringlike 

 thickened margin; stamens 6, inserted on the upper margin of the tube, the filaments broad; ovary inferior, with 3 parietal 

 placentae. Two species, one in Japan and the other in S. America. 



1. Claziocharis abei Akasawa. Tanuki-no-shokudai. about 3 mm. long, broadened at base, linear and spreading 



Delicate glabrous low saprophytic perennial herb; rhizomes above, the inner lobes obovate-cuneate, erect, incurved above, 



filiform, elongate, sparingly branched; scapes soUtary, about 5-6 mm. long, each bearing an erect Unear rather short ap- 



1 cm. long, few-scaled; flowers solitary, about 15 mm. long, pendage on back, the upper portion overlapping but free from 



6-7 mm. across, the perianth-tube ovoid-campanulate, about each other; stigma glabrous. July-Aug. Shikoku (Awa 



10 mm. long, the upper portion deciduous after anthesis on Prov.), very rare. 

 the transverse split above the base, the outer perianth-lobes 



Fam. 58. ORCHIDACEAE Ran Ka Orchid Family 



Perennial herbs of various habits, rarely saprophytic and leafless, sometimes with thick corms or rhizomes; aerial stems more 

 or less elongate, rarely scandent; leaves simple, entire, flat, plicate, or rarely equitant, with parallel nerves, usually sheathed at 

 the base; flowers zygomorphic, perfect, rarely imperfect, bracteate, minute to large and showy, solitary or in spikes or racemes; 

 perianth superior, with 6 segments in 2 whorls, the 3 outer (sepals) nearly equal, usually free, the 2 inner lateral ones (petals) 

 usually similar to the sepals, or smaller, the median one (lip or labellum) adaxial, usually larger, variously shaped, often 

 spurred or saccate at the base; stamens 1 or 2, adnate to the style and forming a column (gynostemium) ; anthers 2-locular, the 

 pollen commonly collected in 2-8 waxy or granular masses (pollinia) attached to a gland; stigma viscid or rough, placed under 

 the rostellum or in a cavity between the anther-locules; ovary inferior, usually twisted (so that the posterior flower-parts are m 

 front), commonly unilocular; placentae 3, parietal, with very numerous ovules; fruit a capsule with 3 or 6 valves, rarely berrylikc; 



seeds minute, without endosperm; embryo undifferentiated. A large cosmopolitan family comprising about 600 genera, with 



more than 20,000 species, especially abundant in the Tropics. 



lA. Fertile stamens 2. 



2A. Flowers nearly actinomorphicj sepals, petals and lip similar in shape 1. Apostasia 



2R. Flowers distinctly zygomorphic; lip strongly different from the sepals and petals, large, saccate 2. Cypripedium 



IB. Fertile stamen 1. 



i\. Anthers attached to the column by a broad base, persistent; pollinia with caudicles attached to a viscid disc or glands at the base. 

 4A. Stigma I, entire, within the cavity under the anther-locules, or 2 and projecting from the cavity. 

 5A. Stigma 1, undivided. 



6A. Glands contained in a bursicule of the rostellum; flowers relatively large, showy, rose-purple or white 3. Orchis 



6B. Glands naked, not in a bursicule; flowers mostly greenish. 



7A. Stigma not elevated, not thickened; lip commonly simple •!. Platanthera 



7B. Stigma elevated, thickened. 



8A. Lip 3-lobed near the apex, the terminal lobe minute, simulating the lateral ones 5. Coeloglossum 



8B. Lip subsimple or 3-lobed nearly to base, the terminal lobe elongate, the lateral lobes smaller 6. Tulotis 



53. Stigmas 2, more or less prominent and projecting from the cavity. 



9A. Lip without a spur 7. Herminium 



93. Lip spurred. 



10.^. Rostellum not armed, beaked or angled. 



IIA. Stems 1- to 3-leaved, mostly 1- or 2- leaved; plants mostly 5-20 (-25) cm. high 8. Atnitostigma 



IIB. Stems (2-) 3- to 7-lcaved; plants mostly (10-) 20-60 cm. high 9. Gymnadenia 



lOB. Rostellum with 2 arms, not beaked or angled 10. Habenaria 



4B. Stigmas 2, divided into 2 horns, not in cavity under the anther-locules; flowers small; lip entire, without a spur. . . 11. Androcorys 

 33. Anther easily detached from the column or early withering; pollinia with a caudicle and gland at the apex. 

 12A. Pollinia granular, soft; anther commonly persistent; inflorescence terminal. 

 13A. Anthers reclined on the column, incumbent. 



14A. Column very short, with a tooth or wing on each side at the apex 12. Microtis 



14B. Column distinct, somewhat elongate, without wings. 



15A. Plant with short slender rhizomes; leaves if present cauline. 

 16A. Lip narrow and flat, more or less retuse or bifid. 



17A. Plant with 2 opposite green leaves 13. Lislera 



17B. Plant saprophytic, without green leaves 14. Neottia 



