Orchidaceae 



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6. Platanthera ophrydioides F. Schmidt. P. amabilis 

 Koidz.; P. rcinii Fr. & Sav.; P. platycorys Schltr.; P. ophry- 

 dioides var. platycorys (Schltr.) F. Maekawa Kiso-chidori. 



Roots somewhat thickened; stems 15-30 cm. long, rather 

 slender; larger leaves solitary on lower part of stem, spreading, 

 elliptic to oblong, 3-6 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide, obtuse to 

 rounded or abruptly acute at apex, rounded to subcordate and 

 slightly clasping at base, the upper leaves 1-2, small, lanceo- 

 late; racemes 3-8 cm. long, 5- to 15-flowered; bracts 5-15 mm. 

 long; flowers pale green; dorsal sepal narrowly triangular- 

 ovate, 3-nerved, 5-6 mm. long, slightly mucronate, the lateral 

 sepals reflexed, lanceolate to linear-lanceolate, 6-7 mm. long; 

 petals erect, the lower half triangular-ovate, membranous, ab- 

 rupdy narrowed and elongate at tip, with the upper half 

 broadly linear, only slightly thickened near apex; lip broadly 

 linear, 6-8 mm. long, subobtuse; spur 6-10 mm. long, nar- 

 rowed toward the rather acute apex, incurved. Aug. Co- 

 niferous woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, 



Kyushu; rather common. Sakhalin and s. Kuriles. 



Forma australis (Ohwi) Makino. P. ophrydioides var. 



australis Ohwi Nagaba-kiso-chidori. Southern phase 



with linear-oblong or oblanceolate leaves. Honshu (Kii 



Prov. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. takedae (Makino) Ohwi. P. ta\edae Makino; P. 



ophrydioides subsp. ta\edae (Makino) Soo Miyama-chi- 



DORi, NiKKo-cHiDORi. Flowers slightly smaller than in the 

 typical phase, the spur conical, barely 1 mm. long. Conif- 

 erous woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr. 

 and northw.) ; rather rare. 



Var. uzenensis Ohwi. Gassan-chidori. Flowers smaller, 

 the dorsal sepal ovate-rounded, 2-2.5 mm. long, the lateral 

 sepals 3-3.5 mm. long; petals obliquely ovate, with a thick- 

 ened shorter upper half; lip 3-4 mm. long; spur narrowly ob- 

 long, 2-2.5 mm. long. Honshu (Japan Sea side of centr. 



and n. distr.). 



7. Platanthera mandarinorum Reichenb. f. var. macro- 

 centron (Fr. & Sav.) Ohwi. P. oreades var. macrocentron 



Fr. & Sav. Hashi-naga-yama-sagi-s6. Roots somewhat 



thickened; stems 30-40 cm. long, 1-leaved below the middle; 

 principal leaves lanceolate to oblong, sometimes linear-oblong, 

 6-12 cm. long, 1-3.5 cm. wide, ascending, obtuse, acute or 

 rounded, rounded to abruptly narrowed at base, the upper 

 reduced leaves 2-5, 1-2 cm. long, erect, lanceolate to narrowly 

 so; racemes 5-12 cm. long; bracts lanceolate, 5-20 mm. long; 

 flowers pale green; dorsal sepal broadly ovate to cordate- 

 rounded, 3-nerved, 5-7 mm. long, the lateral sepals linear- 

 lanceolate, 8-12 mm. long, gradually falcate, 3-nerved; petals 

 obliquely ovate, obtuse, suddenly narrowed above the middle, 

 the upper portion thickened; lip broadly linear, obtuse, 12-15 

 mm. long; spur rather obtuse, 2-3 cm. long; rostellum broad. 



Mountains and hills; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; highly 



variable. China. 



Var. maximowicziana (Schltr.) Ohwi. P. minor sensu 

 auct. Japon., non Reichenb. f.; P. maximowicziana Schltr.- — - 

 Takane-sagi-so. Stems 10-20 cm. long; leaves broadly lanceo- 

 late to narrowly oblong, obliquely spreading, the upper re- 

 duced leaves 1 or 2 or none; flowers smaller than in the typical 

 phase, the spur shorter. July-Aug. High mountains; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.) s. Kuriles. 



Var. brachycentron (Fr. & Sav.) Koidz. P. oreades var. 



brachycentron Fr. & Sav. Yama-sagi-s6. Stems 20-40 



cm. long; leaves linear-oblong to oblong, the upper leaves 2 or 



3, small, erect; flowers smaller than in the typical phase; dorsal 

 sepal 4-5 mm. long, the lateral sepals 6-8 mm. long; petals 

 somewhat elongate; lip 10-15 mm. long; spur 12-20 mm. 



long. May-July. Grassy places in hills and mountains; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. 



Sakhalin, Korea, and China. 

 Var. hachijoensis (Honda) Ohwi. P. hachijoensis Honda 



Hachijo-chidori. Stems rather thick, 20-30 cm. long; 



leaves slightly clasping at base, the upper leaves reduced, the 

 bracts larger than in the typical phase. May-June. Hon- 

 shu (Izu Isls.). 



8. Platanthera minor (Miq.) Reichenb. f. P. japonica 



var. minor Miq,; P. interrupta Maxim. Oba-no-tombo-so. 



Whole plant blackened when dry; roots fusiform; stems 30-60 

 cm. long; larger leaves 1 or 2, alternate, the lowest oblong or 

 narrowly oblong, 7-12 cm. long, 2.5-3.5 cm. wide, subobtuse, 

 narrowed to base, the upper gradually smaller, narrower, acute 

 to acuminate, the scalelike leaves several, acuminate, lanceo- 

 late; racemes 10-25 cm. long, loosely 10- to 25-flowered; bracts 

 broadly lanceolate, as long as the ovary, the margins usually 

 papillose; flowers greenish white; dorsal sepal broadly ovate, 

 obtuse, 3- to 5-nerved, 4-5 mm. long, the lateral markedly 

 spreading, narrowly oblong, 3- to 5-nerved, 6-7 mm. long; 

 petals erect, semi-ovate, obtuse, 3- to 4-nerved, slightly shorter 

 than the dorsal sepal; lip broadly linear, obtuse, 5-7 mm. long; 



spur 12-15 mm. long, linear, pendulous, obtuse. June-July. 



Low mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. 



9. Platanthera tipuloides Lindl. Habenaria keiskei 

 Miq.; P. keis\ei (Miq.) Fr. & Sav.; P. sororia Schltr.; P. ti- 

 puloides var. sororia (Schltr.) Soo Hosoea-no-kiso-chidori. 



Roots elongate, thickened near base; stems slender, 20-30 cm. 

 long, 1-leaved below the middle; leaves narrowly oblong to 

 linear-oblong, ascending, 3-7 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, obtuse, 

 sessile and abruptly contracted at base, the upper leaves 1-3, 

 small; racemes 4-6 cm. long, rather densely many-flowered; 

 bracts smooth on margin, nearly as long as the ovary; flowers 

 small, yellowish green; dorsal sepal ovate to narrowly so, 2-3 

 mm. long, the lateral sepals reflexed, narrowly elliptic, 3.5-4.5 

 mm. long, obtuse; petals semi-ovate, thickened, obtuse, as long 

 as the dorsal sepal; lip 5-6 mm. long, broadly linear; spur 

 pendulous to gently incurved, slender, slighdy thickened to- 

 ward the obtuse apex, 12-17 mm. long; anther-locules parallel, 



approximate. July-Aug. Coniferous woods or grassy 



places in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku (Mount 

 Tsurugi); rather common northward. e. Siberia, Kam- 

 chatka, Kuriles, and Sakhalin. 



Var. nipponica (Makino) Ohwi. P. nipponica Makino; 



P. matstimtirana Schltr. Koba-no-tombo-s6. Plant 20-40 



cm. high; leaves broadly linear, rather erect; spikes loosely 

 few-flowered; spur ascending. June-Aug. Bogs in moun- 

 tains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare. 



Var. linearifolia Ohwi. Nagaba-tombo-so. Leaves lin- 

 ear, to 15 cm. long, 5-6 mm. wide; flowers few, loosely ar- 

 ranged. Aug.-Sept. Kyushu (Yakushima). 



10. Platanthera sachalinensis F. Schmidt. 0-yama- 

 sagi-s6. Roots more or less diickened; stems 40-60 cm. 

 long, rather stout; larger leaves 1-3, alternate, the lowest as- 

 cending, obovate-oblong, 10-20 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide, obtuse, 

 narrowed below into a sheath, the upper leaves gradually 

 smaller, acute to acuminate, the upper 2 or 3 scalelike; racemes 

 10-30 cm. long, densely many-flowered; bracts usually slightly 

 longer than die flowers, ascending; flowers greenish, small; 



