328 



Orchidaceae 



1. Amitostigma gracile (Bl.) Schltr. Mitostigma gra- 

 cile BL; Gymnadenia gracilis (Bl.) Miq.; G. tryphiaejormis 



Reichenb. f.; Orchis gracilis (Bl.) Soo Hina-ran. Roots 



somewhat tuberous-thickened; stems 5-15 cm. rarely to 20 cm. 

 long, slender, 1-leaved near base; leaves broadly lanceolate to 

 linear-oblong, ascending, 4-8 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, subacute, 

 rounded at base, the scalelike leaves usually 1, on upper part 

 of stem, small; spikes few- to rather many-flowered, secund, 

 1-4 cm. long; bracts small, ovate to narrowly so, acuminate, 

 3-5 mm. long, l-nerved; flowers rose-purple; sepals 2.2-2.5 

 mm. long, l-nerved, obtuse, elliptic, the lateral sepals obliquely 

 ovate, ascending; petals oblique, broadly ovate, about 2.2 mm. 

 long, obtuse, l-nerved, as long as the sepals; lip suberect, about 

 3.5 mm. long, 3-lobed to below the middle, the lateral lobes 

 narrow, short, the terminal longest, spathulate-cuneate, 

 rounded at apex, 3-nerved at base; spur cylindric, 1-1.5 mm. 



long; capsules short-pedicelled, 5-6 mm. long. June-July. 



Honshu (w. distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea. 



2. Amitostigma kinoshitae (Makino) Schltr. Gymna- 

 denia kinoshitae Makino; G. gracilis var. kinoshitae (Makino) 

 Finet; G. \eis\ei var. \inoshitae (Makino) Makino; Orchis 



l^inoshitae (Makino) Soo; A. hisamatsui Miyabe & Tatew. 



KoANi-CHiDOKi. Roots narrowly oblong; stems slender, erect, 

 12-20 (rarely to 25) cm. long, I- or 2-leaved below the middle; 

 leaves linear to broadly so, 4-8 cm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, sub- 

 acute; spikes 2- to 5-flowered, secund; bracts broadly lanceo- 

 late, 3-8 mm. long, subacute; flowers white to pale rose; 

 sepals 3.5-4.5 mm. long, obtuse, 3-nerved, the dorsal sepal 

 elliptic, the lateral sepals obliquely ovate; petals about as long 

 as the sepals, obliquely ovate, 2-nerved; lip 8-10 mm. long, 

 3-lobed, cuneate, the lateral lobes ascending, lanceolate, the 

 terminal lobe slightly longer, spathulate-cuneate, shallowly 

 bifid; spur 1-1.5 mm. long, obtuse; capsules short-pedicelled. 



June-Aug. Bogs, rarely wet rocks along streams in 



mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (Kanto Distr. and northw.). 

 s. Kuriles. 



3. Amitostigma keiskei (Maxim.) Schltr. Gymnadenia 



\eis\ei Maxim.; Orchis \eis\ei (Maxim.) Soo Iwa-chidori. 



Roots somewhat fusiform; stems 8-15 cm. long, slender, erect, 

 1-leaved below the middle; leaves lanceolate to narrowly ob- 



long, 3-5 cm. long, 8-15 mm. wide, ascending, obtuse; spikes 

 rather densely few-flowered, secund; bracts narrowly lanceo- 

 late to broadly linear, 4-10 mm. long, obtuse; flowers rose- 

 purple, rarely white; sepals obtuse, 1- to 3-nerved, 3.5-4.5 mm. 

 long, the dorsal sepal elliptic, the lateral sepals obliquely ob- 

 long; petals obliquely ovate, obtuse, 2-nerved, as long as the 

 sepals; lip ascending, about 10 mm. long, rather deeply 3-lobed, 

 the lateral lobes ascending, ovate, the terminal lobe somewhat 

 longer, slightly broader, bifid; spur 2-2.5 mm. long, obtuse. 



May-June. Shaded rocky cliffs in mountains; Honshu 



(centr. distr.) . 



4. Amitostigma lepidum (Reichenb. f.) Schltr. Gym- 

 nadenia lepida (Reichenb. f.) Soo Okinawa-chidori. 



Roots mostly oblong; stems 8-15 cm. long; leaves 3, some- 

 times 2, nearly radical and approximate, spreading, oblong to 

 broadly oblanceolate, 4-8 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. wide, obtuse, 

 mucronate, the upper leaves narrower and shorter; flowers 

 few; bracts nearly hyaline, broadly lanceolate, acuminate, 

 1-ribbed, 5-10 mm. long; sepals oblong, 1- or sometimes 2- 

 nerved, 4.5-6 mm. long, obtuse; petals oblique, broadly ovate, 

 obtuse, 2-nerved, about 3 mm. long; lip 8-10 mm. long, rather 

 deeply 3-lobed, the lateral lobes ascending, the terminal lobe 

 larger, broadly cuneate, deeply bifid; spur 4-5 mm. long, ob- 

 tuse. Mar.-Apr. Kyushu (s. distr.) . Ryukyus. 



5. Amitostigma kurokamianum (Ohwi & Hams.) 



Ohwi. Orchis \uro\amiana Ohwi & Hatus. Kuro-kami- 



ran. Roots somewhat ellipsoidal; stems erect, 5-15 cm. 

 long, slender, 2-leaved; leaves alternate, cauline, linear to 

 broadly so, 5-10 cm. long, 5-8 mm. wide, arcuate-recurved at 

 the acuminate tip; spikes 2-3 cm. long, rather densely 2- to 

 10-flowered, secund; bracts green, linear, 5-10 mm. long, 

 acuminate, broadened at base; flowers rose-purple; sepals ob- 

 long, obtuse, 1- or sometimes 3-nerved, the lateral sepals 

 spreading, 6-6.5 mm. long; petals obliquely ovate, about 5 mm. 

 long; lip 8-10 mm. long, 3-lobed, the lateral lobes ascending, 

 the terminal lobe larger, entire, elliptic, 4-5 mm. long; spur 

 short-cylindric, about 3 mm. long; capsules short-pedicelled. 



June- July. Rocks in mountains; Kyushu (Mount Kuro- 



kami) . 



9. GYMNADENIA R. Br. TEGAXA-cHmoRi Zoku 



Terrestrial herbs often with thickened, sometimes lobed roots; stems leafy; leaves linear to oblong; spikes terminal, mostly 

 many-flowered, often secund, sometimes twisted, the bracts small; flowers relatively small, rose-purple to pale rose; dorsal sepal 

 often forming a hood with the petals, the lateral sepals ascending to spreading; lip 3-lobed; anther-locules parallel, with a nar- 

 rowly grooved rostellum between the locules; glands slender, naked, distinct; stigma not distinct. About 10 species, mostly 



in boreal regions. 



lA. Stems 20-60 cm. long; leaves 3-7, cauline, 7-20 cm. long; lateral lobes of lip spreading. 



2A. Spur 15-20 mm. long, about 1.5 times as long as the ovary, 3 to 4 times longer than the perianth; roots digitately thickened; 



leaves broadly linear, flat 1 . G. conopsea 



2B. Spur 2-5 mm. long, much shorter than the ovary, and somewhat shorter than the perianth; roots not as above; leaves elliptic to 



narrowly oblong, slightly plicate 2. G. camtschatica 



IB. Stems 10-20 cm. long, slender; leaves usually 2, radical, 3-6 cm. long; petals forming a hood with the dorsal sepal 3. G. citciillata 



1. Gymnadenia conopsea (L.) R. Br. Orchis conopsea 

 L.; G. conopsea var. ussuriensis Regel; G. ibul{iensis Makino 



Tegata-chidori. Roots digitate, thickened; stems 30- 



60 cm. long, rather stout; leaves 3-7, disposed mostly on lower 

 half of stems, alternate, broadly linear, sometimes lanceolate or 

 linear, 10-20 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, obtuse, becoming acute 

 or acuminate toward the top and smaller, linear-lanceolate. 



long-acuminate; spikes rather densely many-flowered, 7-15 

 cm. long; bracts broadly lanceolate, long-acuminate; flowers 

 rose-purple; sepals ovate, obtuse, spreading, 4-5 mm. long, 

 2- or 3-nerved; petals oblique, broadly ovate, obtuse, shorter 

 than the sepals; lip 6-8 mm. long, with 3 equally rounded 



lobes; spur linear, 15-20 mm. long. July-Aug. Grassy 



places in high mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr. 



