Orchidaceae 



329 



and northw.) ; rather common. Korea, Sakhalin, Kuriles, 



China, Siberia, and Europe. 



2. Gymnadenia camtschatica (Cham.) Miyabe & Kudo. 

 Orchis camtschatica Cham.; Neolindleya camtschatica Nevsiti; 



Platanlhera decipiens Lindl.; G. vidalii Fr. & Sav. Nobine- 



CHIDORI. Roots slightly thickened, slenderly cylindric; stems 

 20-60 cm. long, 4- to 7-leaved; leaves alternate, elliptic to nar- 

 rowly oblong, 7-15 cm. long, 2-6 cm. wide, rounded at apex, 

 slightly plicate, the upper 1 or 2 leaves small, broadly lanceo- 

 late, acuminate; spikes mostly many-flowered, 5-15 cm. long; 

 bracts lanceolate, green, usually conspicuously longer than the 

 flowers; flowers pale rose; sepals 3-nerved, narrowly ovate, 

 rather obtuse, ascending, about 5 mm. long; petals obliquely 

 ovate, shorter than the sepals; lip broadly cuneate-ovate, 

 slightly longer than the sepals, 3-lobed at apex, the lateral 

 lobes narrowly ovate, obtuse, the terminal lobe rather short; 

 spur prominently curved, 2-5 mm. long, narrowed toward the 

 obtuse apex. May-June. Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, 



Honshu (centr. distr. and northw.), Shikoku. Kamchatka 



and Sakhalin. 

 3. Gymnadenia cucuUata (L.) L. C. Rich. Orchis 



cttctdlata L.; Neottianthe cucullata (L.) Schltr. Miyama- 



MojizuRi. Roots globose; stems slender, 10-20 cm. long, 

 with few scaleiike linear leaves; radical leaves usually 2, 

 spreading, oblong to broadly lanceolate, 3-6 cm. long, 1-2.5 

 cm. wide, acute to acuminate; spikes secund, more or less 

 many-flowered; bracts linear, slightly longer or shorter than 

 the ovary; flowers pale rose; sepals and petals alike, narrowly 

 lanceolate, 1-nerved, 6-8 mm. long, gradually narrowed to an 

 acute apex, nearly erect, slighdy connivent above; petals form- 

 ing a hood with the dorsal sepal; lip narrowly ovate, erect, 7-8 

 mm. long, 3-lobed, the lobes nearly erect, parallel, linear, the 

 terminal lobe slightly broader; spur curved inward, longer 



than the perianth. July-Aug. Woods in high mountains; 



Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr. and northw.).- Cooler 



regions of Eurasia. 



10. HABENARIA Willd. 



MiZU-TOMBO ZOKU 



Terrestrial herbs sometimes with tuberous roots; inflorescence spicate; leaves linear to oblong; flowers green to white; sepals 

 alike or the dorsal broader; petals simple or bifid, sometimes fimbriate; lip slighdy adnate to base of the column, usually 3-lobed, 

 spurred; column short; anther-locules parallel or divergent at base, sometimes tubular at base; glands naked; staminodes rarely 

 present; stigma 2-lobed; rostellum usually small, 2-armed, erect, between the anther-locules. About 700 species, widely dis- 

 tributed in temperate and tropical regions. 



lA. Arms of rostellum very short; anther-locules erect, closely parallel; flowers greenish. 



2A. Spikes 4-5 cm. long; sepals 3-nerved; spur short-cylindric, about 6 mm. long; leaves radical \. H. iyoensis 



2B. Spikes 7-25 cm. long; sepals 1-nerved; spur ovoid to clavate, 1.5-4 mm. long. 



3A. Larger leaves mostly basal; spur ovoid, about 1.5 mm. long; plant brown when dry 2. H. formosana 



3B. Larger leaves on lower half of the stems; spur clavate, 3-4 mm. long; plant blackened when dry 3. H. flagellifera 



IB. Arms of rostellum relatively long; anther-locules ascending, usually divergent; flowers white to pale green. 

 4A. Lateral lobes of lip filiform to linear, entire or obsoletely toothed; flowers white to pale green. 



5A. Lateral sepals subreniform, strongly reflexed; lateral lobes of lip obliquely spreading; flower-buds somewhat strongly 4-angled in 



lateral view; flowers greenish, with a spur rather abruptly inflated at the apex 4. H. sagittijera 



5B. Lateral sepals obliquely ovate, spreading to slightly deflexed; lateral lobes of lip horizontally spreading, straight or scarcely re- 

 curved; flower buds obliquely 3-angled in lateral view; flowers white, with the spur gradually inflated. 



6A. Flowers relatively large; lateral sepals 7-8 mm. long; lip about 15 mm. long; spur 3-4 cm. long 5. H. linearifolia 



6B. Flowers relatively small; lateral sepals about 5 mm. long; lip about 10 mm. long; spur rather short, 4-15 mm. long. 



6. H. yezoensis 

 4B. Lateral lobes of lip flabellate or cuneate, with laciniate upper margins; flowers white. 



7A. Leaves broadly linear or narrowly lanceolate, 3-6 mm. wide; flowers 1-3, rarely 4; petals obliquely ovate, few-nerved, longer 

 than the sepals, obsoletely toothed or shallowly laciniate on lower margin; lateral lobes of lip deeply laciniate. . . T . H. radiata 

 7B. Leaves broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate-oblong, 2-4 cm. wide; flowers rather densely arranged and numerous; petals lanceo- 

 late, 1- to 2-nerved, shorter than the sepals, entire; lateral lobes of lip shallowly laciniate Z. H. miersiana 



1. Habenaria iyoensis Ohwi. Peristylus iyoensis Ohwi 



Iyo-tombo. Glabrous, erect perennial about 20 cm. 



high, with ovoid tuberous roots; leaves radical, several, 

 broadly oblanceolate, i-6 cm. long, 1-1.5 cm. wide; scape or 

 stem erect, with few, appressed, scalelike leaves; spikes 4-5 

 cm. long, 7- to 12-flowered; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 5-15 

 mm. long; sepals 3-nerved, about 3 mm. long, the dorsal sepal 

 broadly ovate, erect, obtuse, the lateral sepals obliquely ovate, 

 reflexed; lip 3-lobed nearly to the base, about 3.5 mm. long, 

 the lateral lobes spreading, filiform, flexuous, about 4 mm. 

 long, the terminal lobe 2.5 mm. long, broadly linear; spur 

 nearly straight, short-cylindric, about 6 mm. long, obtuse; 



ovary about 1 cm. long. Oct. Honshu (s. Kanto Distr.), 



Shikoku, Kyushu; very rare. 



2. Habenaria formosana Schltr. H. tentaculata var. 



acutijolia Hayata Takasaco-saci-s6. Rhizomes slender, 



short, loosely sheathed; stems erect, 30-50 cm. long; leaves 2-4, 

 nearly radical, rosulate, narrowly oblong to broadly lanceo- 



late, 7-20 cm. long, 1.5-4 cm. wide, ascending, abruptly acute, 

 the upper leaves 6-8, appressed to the stem, broadly linear; 

 spikes 7-25 cm. long, mostly rather many-flowered; bracts 

 lanceolate, long-acuminate, 1-1.5 cm. long, 3-nerved, appressed 

 to the ovary; flowers sessile; sepals narrowly ovate, 1-nerved, 

 obtuse, about 3.5 mm. long; petals slightly shorter than the 

 sepals, 1-nerved, ovate; lip 3-lobed from the oblong-cuneate, 

 rather carnose base, the lateral lobes filiform-linear, ascending, 

 spreading, flagelliform, the median lobe about 2 mm. long, 

 obtuse, the spur ovoid, apiculate, about 1.5 mm. long; column 



very short. Kyushu (Yakushima) ; very rare. Ryukyus 



and Formosa. 



3. Habenaria flagellifera Makino. Coeloglossum flagel- 

 lijeriim Maxim, ex Makino; Peristylus flagellijcrus (Makino) 



Ohwi; P. hiugensis Ohwi; P. satsumanus Ohwi Mukago- 



TOMBo. Glabrous, erect perennial, blackened when dry, 

 with ovoid tuberous roots; stems 20-50 cm. long; principal 

 leaves 3-5, on lower part of stem, alternate, broadly lanceolate, 



