332 



Orchidaceae 



nate, broadly truncate to shallowly cordate at base; scalelike 

 leaves absent; flowers 2-5, very loose, purplish green, with 

 reflexed perianth-segments 2.3-3 mm. long; sepals obtuse, nar- 

 rowly ovate, the lateral ones narrowly oblong; petals linear- 

 oblong, obtuse, the lip 2.5-3 times as long as the sepals, 5.5- 

 8.5 mm. long, cuneate, bilobed, with rather acute auricles 

 embracing the column near the base, the lobes linear-oblong, 



3-5 mm. long; capsules 3 mm. long, long-pedicelled. Apr.- 



May. Woods in mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; 

 rather rare. Ryukyus. 



3. Listera nipponica Makino. L. savatieri Maxim, ex 



Komar., pro parte; L. brevidens Nevski ^Miyama-futaba- 



RAN. Rhizomes slender, short; stems 10-20 cm. long, erect, 

 2-leaved near the middle, the upper part with short, spreading, 

 glandular-pubescence, the lower part glabrous; leaves reniform 

 to cordate, 15-25 mm. long, 10-30 mm. wide, abruptly mucro- 

 nate, truncate-cordate to truncate-rounded at base, the scale- 

 like leaf broadly lanceolate or wanting, racemes 3- to 10-flow- 

 ered, loose, the bracts ascending, broadly lanceolate, 1-2 mm. 

 long; flowers brownish green; perianth-lobes reflexed; sepals 

 3-4 mm. long, strongly reflexed from the base, narrowly 

 lanceolate, obtuse; petals as long as the sepals, narrowly ob- 

 long; lip twice as long as the sepals, broadly cuneate-obovate, 

 bifid, auriculate near the base, the lobes ovate; capsules ellip- 

 soidal, 3-4 mm. long, the pedicels slightly longer. July- 



Aug. Coniferous woods; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. 

 distr.), Kyushu (Mount Sobosan) ; rare. ^Ussuri. 



4. Listera yatabei Makino. L. major 'biakai; L. savatieri 

 Maxim, var. major (Nakai) Beauverd; L. convallarioides 



subsp. yatabei (Makino) Beauverd ^Takane-futaba-ran. 



Rhizomes slender; stems 15-20 cm. long, slender, 2-leaved near 



the middle, the lower part glabrous, the upper part glandular- 

 pubescent; leaves reniform to cordate, 15-30 mm. long, 20-30 

 mm. wide, obtuse or sometimes acute, 3-nerved, the scalelike 

 leaves 2, narrowly linear, acuminate, 1-3 mm. long; racemes 

 loosely 5- to 10-flowered; flowers greenish brown, the bracts as- 

 cending, lanceolate to elliptic, 1-2 mm. long; perianth seg- 

 ments spreading; sepals narrowly oblong, about 2 mm. long, 

 obtuse; petals linear; lip 6-8 mm. long, narrowly cuneate, 

 ciliolate, the lobes ovate, nearly erect, obtuse; ovary about 3 

 mm. long, slightly shorter than the pedicels. Aug. Co- 

 niferous woods; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr.); rare. 



s. Kuriles, SakhaUn, Korea, Ussuri, and e. Siberia. 



5. Listera cordata (L.) R. Br. Ophrys cordata L. 



FuTABA-RAN, Ko-futaea-ran. Rhizomes short, slender; 



stems 10-20 cm. long, slender, 2-leaved near the middle, the 

 lower portion glabrous, the upper part glandular-puberulent; 

 leaves deltoid-reniform or deltoid-cordate, 8-20 mm. long, 

 1-2.5 cm. wide, obtuse, mucronate, slightiy cordate to trun- 

 cate at base; scalelike leaves absent; racemes loosely 4-10 

 flowered; flowers greenish yellow or purplish; bracts spread- 

 ing, deltoid-ovate, rather acute, about 1 mm. long; sepals 

 spreading, narrowly oblong, obtuse, 1.5-2 mm. long, the petals 

 narrowly ovate, nearly as long as the sepals; lip spreading, 

 cuneate, 2.5-3.5 mm. long, deeply bifid, toothed at the base, 

 the lobes linear; ovary pedicelled; capsules ellipsoidal, 3-4 mm. 



long, slightly shorter than the pedicels. July-Aug. Woods 



in high mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.), 



Shikoku; rather rare. ^Europe, Siberia, and N. America. 



The Japanese phase has relatively smaller flowers and broader 

 leaves than the plant in Europe and is sometimes called var. 

 japonica Hara. 



14. NEOTTIA L. 



Sakane-ran Zoku 



Saprophytic rhizomatous herbs without chlorophyll; stems simple, erect; leaves scalelike, sheathing, scattered on the stems; 

 inflorescence racemose, the flowers small, short-pedicelled, the bracts small; sepals nearly alike, free, concave, spreading; petals 

 similar to the sepals but narrower; lip spreading from the base of the column, longer than the sepals, flat or concave, entire or 

 bifid; column rather long, wingless, nearly terete, without a foot; rostellum incurved; stigma broad; anther erect or incurved, 



the locules contiguous; pollinia granular; capsules ovoid or ellipsoidal, erostrate. About 10 species in Eurasia, especially in 



India and e. Asia. 



lA. Stems stout, 25-45 cm. long; upper part of plant inclusive of inflorescence and ovaries brownish crisped-pubcscent; flowers 6-7 mm. 



across; perianth-segments very obtuse; lip deeply bifid, 10-12 mm. long, 2.5-3 times as long as the sepal. 



1. N. nidus-avis var. manshtirica 

 IB. Stems slender, 10-25 cm. long; plant glabrous; flowers 3-4 mm. across; perianth-segments gradually acuminate; lip entire, 2-3 mm. 



long, nearly as long as the sepals 2. TV. asiatica 



1. Neotlia nidus-avis (L.) L. C. Rich. var. manshurica 

 Komar. N. nidus-avis sensu auct. Orient. Asiat., non L. C. 



Rich.; AT. papilligera Schltr. Sakane-ran. Rhizomes 



thick, short; stems stout, fleshy, 25-45 cm. long, brownish 

 crisped-pubescent above, erect, simple; leaves scalelike, tubular, 

 membranous, alternate, loose, glabrous, 1.5-4 cm. long; ra- 

 cemes 10-15 cm. long, loosely or somewhat densely flowered, 

 erect, with short, crisped, brown, glandular hairs above; 

 bracts deltoid-lanceolate to deltoid-ovate, membranous, 1- 

 ribbed, gradually narrowed to the tip, 4-7 mm. long; flowers 

 yellow, 6-7 mm. across, with a glandular-pubescent pedicel; 

 sepals and petals obovate, 1-nerved, 5-6 mm. long, very ob- 

 tuse, concave; lip 10-12 mm. long, deeply bifid, the limb ob- 

 long, papillose inside, often pubescent without, the lobes 

 ascending, narrowly oblong, falcate, obtuse or rounded, some- 



times truncate at apex; column about 3.5 mm. long. May- 

 June. Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. 



distr.); very rare. Sakhalin, s. Kuriles, Manchuria, and e. 



Siberia. The typical phase occurs in Europe and Siberia. 

 2. Neottia asiatica Ohwi. N. micrantha Lindl., non 



La Llave & Lex.; AT. subsessilis Ohwi Hime-mdyo-ran. 



Rhizomes short; stems 10-25 cm. long, rather slender, gla- 

 brous, 3- to 4-scaled; scalelike leaves loose, sheatiiing, tubular, 

 membranous, 2-3 cm. long, very obtuse, few-nerved; racemes 

 5-10 cm. long, loosely-flowered, glabrous, the bracts mem- 

 branous, ovate, rather acute, 1-1.5 mm. long, spreading; flow- 

 ers 3-4 mm. across; sepals and petals ovate-lanceolate, gradu- 

 ally acuminate, 1-nerved, spreading, recurved at tip, about 

 3 mm. long; petals slightly shorter than the sepals; lip nearly 

 as long as the sepals, deltoid-ovate, 2-3 mm. long, very acute. 



