334 



Orchidaceae 



elongate, leaflike, as long as the spike, 5-10 mm. wide; flowers 

 white; sepals erect, about 12 mm. long, lanceolate, acute with 

 an obtuse tip; petals short and broad; lip 2/3 as long as the 

 sepals, the basal chin obtuse, short, not prominent, the termi- 



nal lobe cordate, abruptly acute; ovary as long as the perianth. 



May-June. Thickets and grassy places in low mountains; 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather common. 



Korea. 



17. EPIPACTIS R. Br. 



Kaki-ran Zoku 



Terrestrial erect herbs with creeping rhizomes; stems leafy; leaves ovate to lanceolate, plicate; flowers in racemes, short- 

 pedicelled, nodding, greenish or yellowish, sometimes purplish, the bracts herbaceous, narrow, often longer than the flowers; 

 sepals free, somewhat spreading, equal; petals similar to the sepals; lip sessile at the base of the column, broad, with a dilated 

 limb, the lateral lobes erect, the terminal lobe spreading, jointed at the base with the lower portion, often undulate on the 

 margins; column short; stigma transverse under the broad prominent rostellum; pollinia bilobed in each locule, granular; 

 capsules spreading or pendulous. About 25 species in temperate regions of Europe, Asia, and N. America. 



lA. Lower portion of lip obcordate, the upper portion broadly ovate, obtuse; plant nearly glabrous throughout; bracts scarcely longer than 

 the flowers; perianth segments 12-15 mm. long; petals obtuse I.E. thunbergii 



IB. Lower portion of lip semirounded, truncate, the upper portion deltoid, acute; stems, leaves, and axis of inflorescence prominently 

 scabrous; bracts usually longer than the flowers; perianth segments 9-12 mm. long; petals acute 2. E. papulosa 



1. Epipactis thunbergii A. Gray. Serapias longijolia 

 sensu Thunb., non L.; E. longifolia Bl. sensu auct. Japon., 

 excl. syn.; E. gigantea sensu auct. Japon., non DougL; B. 



gigantea var. manshurica Maxim, ex Komar. Kaki-ran, 



Suzu-RAN. Rhizomes slender; stems 30-70 cm. long, smooth, 

 6- to 12-leaved, purplish below and covered with few leafless 

 sheaths at base; leaves narrowly ovate to broadly lanceolate, 

 7-12 cm. long, rounded and short-sheathed at base, gradually 

 acuminate, glabrous except for a few mammillae on the nerves 

 above; bracts scarcely longer than the flowers; petals ovate, 

 obtuse, nearly as long as the sepals, rounded on lower margin; 

 lip as long as the petals, the lower portion obcordate, the up- 

 per portion broadly ovate, with 2 elevated lines near the base, 

 obtuse; column about 6 mm. long; ovary pedicelled, spreading 



to pendulous; capsules about 2 cm. long, narrowly oblong. 



June-Aug. Bogs and moist places; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shi- 

 koku, Kyushu; rather conunon. Korea, Ussuri, and Man- 

 churia. 



2. Epipactis papillosa Fr. & Sav. E. latijolia var. papu- 

 losa (Fr. & Sav.) Maxim, ex Komar. ^Ezo-suzu-ran, Ao- 



strzu-RAN. Rhizomes short; stems 30-70 cm. long, promi- 

 nently pilose with brown, crisped, hairlike protuberances, with 

 few leafless sheaths at base; leaves 5-7, elliptic-ovate to broadly 

 lanceolate, 7-12 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide, prominently short- 

 acuminate, the upper blades long-acuminate, with whitish 

 hairlike protuberances on nerves and on margin, the lower 

 blades short-sheathed at base; racemes 10-20 cm. long, many- 

 flowered; bracts usually longer than the flowers; flowers 

 spreading or nodding, greenish; sepals ascending with re- 

 curved tips, narrowly ovate, acute, 9-12 mm. long; petals 

 rather short, ovate, as long as the sepals, acute; lip pale green, 

 as long as the petals, the lower portion semirounded or de- 

 pressed-obovate, truncate, brown within, the upper portion 

 deltoid, acute; column as long as the lower lobe of the lip; 



ovary pedicelled; capsules about 1 cm. long, ellipsoidal. 



Aug. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu; rare. 

 Var. sayekiana (Makino) T. Koyama & Asai. Epipactis 



saye\iana Makino Hama-kaki-ran. Flowers pale green 



and purple spotted. Near seashores; Honshu (Sagami and 



Kazusa Prov.). 



18. POGONIA Juss. ToKi-so Zoku 



Small, terrestrial herbs with slender, elongate roots; stems slender with a single, narrow, flat leaf at the middle and a bract 

 at apex; basal bracts narrower and smaller, green; flowers solitary, rather large, with a green bract at base; sepals and petals 

 nearly alike, free, suberect; lip erect from base of the column, free, not spurred, undivided or 3-lobed, or often with 2-4 

 elevated lines and sometimes fleshy-hairy toward tip inside; column elongate, not winged, slightly broadened; rostellum short; 

 sdgma flat, placed under the rostellum; anther mobile, the locules parallel; pollinia one in each locule, granular, without a 

 caudicle. Few species, in e. Asia and N. America. 



lA. Flowers half open, rose-purple, 2-2.5 (rarely 1.5) cm. long; sepals oblong-oblanceolate, 3-5 mm. wide, obtuse; lip slightly longer 

 than the perianth segments, the lateral lobes deltoid, the terminal one distinctly recurved; bogs \. P. japonica 



IB. Flowers scarcely open, pale rose-purple, 1-1.5 cm. long; sepals linear-oblanceolate, 1.5-3 mm. wide, narrowed at tip and obtuse; lip as 

 long as the petals, the lateral lobes small, the terminal one slightly recurved; grassy slopes 2. P. minor 



shorter than the sepals, minutely and irregularly toothed on 

 upper margin; lip slightly longer than the perianth segments, 

 3-lobed, the terminal lobe obovate, distinctly recurved, with 

 fleshy hairs within and on margin, the lateral lobes deltoid; 



ovary about 1.5 cm. long. ^May-July. Bogs; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea and China. 



2. Pogonia minor (Makino) Makino. P. japonica var. 

 minor Makino Yama-toki-so. Very similar to the pre- 

 ceding but smaller, 15-25 cm. high; leaves usually oblanceolate 

 to broadly so, sometimes narrowly oblong, 3-7 cm. long, 4-12 



1. Pogonia japonica Reichenb. f. P. simtlisB\.;P. ophio- 

 glossoides sensu auct. Japon., non Nutt. Toki-s6. Rhi- 

 zomes short, slender; stems 20-40 cm. long, with a few blade- 

 less sheaths at base; leaf suberect, lanceolate or linear-oblong, 

 4-10 cm. long, 7-12 mm. wide, obtuse, decurrent and forming 

 two narrow wings on stem; flowers 2-2.5 cm. long, solitary, 

 terminal, rose-purple; bract leaf like, 2-4 cm. long, 3-6 mm. 

 wide, usually longer than ovary; sepals 3-5 mm. wide, obtuse, 

 the dorsal broadly oblong-oblanceolate, the lateral narrower, as 

 long as the dorsal; petals narrowly oblong, very obtuse, shghtly 



