Orchidaceae 335 



mm. wide; flowers pale rose-purple, 1.5-3 mm. wide, nar- erect, with smaller lateral lobes, the terminal lobe slightly re- 

 rowed to an obtuse tip; dorsal sepal narrowly oblanceolate, the curved; ovary 1-1.5 cm. long. June-July. Grassy slopes in 



lateral ones linear-oblanceolate; lip as long as the petals, nearly mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rare. 



19. GALEOLA Lour. Tsuchi-akebi Zoku 



Saprophytic, leafless herbs without chlorophyll; rhizomes often greatly elongate; stems erect or scandent, elongate, branched; 

 inflorescence racemose, the flowers rather large, the bracts usually small; sepals equal, concave, spreading; petals similar to the 

 sepals; lip sessile, broad, inflated on back, loosely enveloping the column, as long as the sepals, the lateral lobes absent or 

 broad, glabrous or pilose inside; column rather long, sometimes narrowly winged, without a foot; stigma under tlie rostellum 

 transversely broadened; anther reclined, the locules separated; pollinia bilobed in each locule, granular (sometimes slightly 



waxy) ; fruit relatively large, fleshy, indehiscent or occasionally dehiscent; seeds often winged. More than a dozen species, in 



e. Asia, Malaysia, India, and e. Australia. 



L\. Plant glabrous, scandent, to 20 m. long or sometimes more, much branched; flowers about 12 mm. long; perianth-segments linear- 

 oblong; lip navicular 1. G. allissima 



IB. Plant brown-pubescent, erect, 50-100 cm. high, branched above; flowers about 2.5 cm. long; perianth-segments narrowly oblong; 

 lip obovate 2. G. seplcntrionalis 



1. Caleola altissima Reichenb. f. Tsuru-tsuchi-akebi, cm. high; stems fleshy, firm, erect, loosely scaly, branched 

 T.\KA-TSURU-RAN. Roots firm, elongate; plant glabrous, above; scales deltoid- to deltoid-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, 

 scandent, to 20 m. long; stems rather slender, firm, much- slightly fleshy and firm, striate, concave, 1-1.5 cm. long; 

 branched, lustrous, flexuous, reddish brown, with slighdy branches ascending, 5-10 cm. long, interspersed with small 

 thickened nodes, glabrous; racemes densely flowered; flowers scales; racemes densely flowered; bracts 3-5 mm. long; flowers 

 about 12 mm. long, glabrous; perianth-segments linear-oblong; about 2.5 cm. across, yellowish brown; sepals narrowly oblong, 

 sepals obmse, 5-nerved, petals narrower than the sepals, obtuse, ascending, fleshy, densely brown-puberulent outside; 

 3-nerved, rounded at ape.x; lip navicular, erose and undulate petals glabrous; Up erect, fleshy, obovate, rounded to obtuse, 

 on upper margins, with a broad fleshy puberulent disc reach- with elevated cristate hnes within, finely toothed on margin, 

 ing to the middle and a bilobed woolly mass above it; column slightly shorter than the sepals; column radier long, slightly 



rather long; capsules linear, acuminate. Kyushu (Tanega- incurved; ovary brown-puberulent; fruit pendulous, narrowly 



shima); very rare. Ryukyus, Formosa, India, and Malaysia. cylindric-oblong, 6-8 cm. long, fleshy, red when mature; seeds 



2. Caleola septentrionalis Reichenb. f. Tsuchi-akebi. winged. June-Aug. Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- 



Rhizomes elongate, thickened; plant brown-pubescent, 50-100 shu; rare. 



20. LECANORCmS Bl. Muy6-ran Zoku 



Leafless, unbranched saprophytic herbs without chlorophyll, blackening when dried; rhizomes creeping, with short-sheadi- 

 ing loosely imbricate scales; stem erect, simple, slender, short-scaled; leaves relatively small; racemes loosely flowered, the 

 bracts scalelike; flowers somewhat tubular, not fully open, white to pale purple; perianth with 3 small appressed calyculae at 

 the base; sepals and petals narrow, alike, free; lip adnate to the column, narrow, erect, broadened at tip and loosely involute, 

 often hairy on the inner surface, sometimes 3-lobed; column elongate, subterete, clavate, thickened at tip; rostellum short, with 

 the rounded, prominent stigma under it; anther on margin of clinandrium, erect or divergent, the locules distinct; pollinia 

 granular. Few species, in e. Asia, Malaysia. 



lA. Lip 3-lobcd, the terminal lobe villous inside; flowers loosely arranged. 



2 A. Flowers white, 1.5-2 cm. long; lip adnate high on the column, the terminal lobe wholly villous inside inclusive of the margin, the 



lateral lobes small, semi-orbicular, inserted at base on each side of the terminal lobe or at the top of the limb 1. L. japonica 



2B. Flowers pale yellow, about I cm. long; lip adnate to the lower half of column, the limb broad, the terminal lobe with a large 

 villous area inside, the lateral lobes glabrous, smaller, only slightly lower than the terminal and long-decurrent on the limb. 



2. L. ){iitsiana 

 IB. Lip entire, sparingly pubescent inside toward tip, cucullate at apex; flowers pale purple, rather densely arranged 3. L. nigricans 



1. Lecanorchis japonica Bl. Muyo-ran. Rhizomes inside. July-Aug. Woods in mountains; Honshu, Shi- 

 somewhat thickened, firm, elongate, rather densely scaly; koku, Kyushu; rare. 



stems erect, 30-40 cm. long, brownish black when dried, widi 2. Lecanorchis kiusiana Tuyama. Usuki-muyo-ran. 



a few loose scales; scalelike leaves rather membranous, 5-8 Saprophytic erect perennial, about 10 cm. high; stems turning 



mm. long, short-sheathing, obliquely truncate, obtuse or sub- black when dried, widi a few remote scales; flowers few, 



acute, the upper sometimes not sheathing at base; flowers loosely arranged, about 1 cm. long, pale yellow, not fully 



several, 1.5-2 cm. long, not opening widely, white, the bracts opening; sepals and petals oblanceolate; lip adnate to the lower 



deltoid-ovate, subacute, 2-4 mm. long, the caliculus about 1 half of the column, the free portion involute, dilated, 3-lobed, 



mm. long, slighdy connate at base, deltoid; sepals and petals the terminal lobe semirounded, undulate-lobulate, loosely 



oblanceolate, obtuse; lip with an oblanceolate limb, adnate papillose on margin, with a large villous area inside, the 



high on the column, 3-lobed, the lateral lobes suborbicular, at lateral lobes smaller, glabrous. May. Kyushu; rare. 



base of the terminal lobe, the terminal lobe orbicular, villous 



