336 Orchidaceae 



3. Lecanorchis nigricans Honda. L. purpurea Masam., lower half, the free portion obovate, mitre-shaped, obtuse, 

 noni. seminudum Kuro-muyo-ran. Similar to the pre- cucullate at apex, sparsely pubescent inside near tip. July- 

 ceding; stems more slender, firm, 20-40 cm. long; flowers few, Aug. Woods in mountains; Honshu (s. Kinki Distr.), Kyu- 

 pale purple, rather densely arranged; bracts 2-3 mm. long, shu; rare, 

 deltoid, spreading; lip entire, adnate to the column on the 



21. BLETILLA Reichenb. f. Shi-ran Zoku 



Terrestrial herbs with pseudobulbs; leaves thin, few from the nodes of the bulbs, jointed at base, plicate, elliptic-lanceolate to 

 oblong; inflorescence spicate, the bracts caducous; flowers rose-purple, rarely white, relatively large; sepals and petals alike, 

 free, ascending; lip 3-lobed, with elevated cristate lines on the inner surface, the lobes loosely embracing the column, the terminal 



lobe slightly recurved; column with a narrow wing on each side; pollinia 4 in each locule, the caudicle short. Few species, in 



e. Asia. 



1. Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Reichenb. f. Limodorum sepals and petals alike, 2.5-3 cm. long, 6-8 mm. wide, sub- 



striatum Thunb.; Epidendrum tuberosum Lour.; Cymbidium acute, several-nerved, ascending; lip as long as the perianth, 



hyacinthinum J. E. Smith; Bletia hyacinthina (J. E. Smith) R. cuneate-obovate, with loosely involute margins, 3-lobed, the 



Br. -Shiran. Pseudobulbs ovoid-globose, about 4 cm. long; terminal lobe suborbicular, undulate on margin, with 5 ele- 



stems 30-70 cm. long, slender, covered at base with several leaf- vated lines inside; column about 2 cm. long. May. Grassy 



sheaths, and with 1 or 2 bladeless sheaths near the middle; slopes in foothills; Honshu (Kanto Distr. westw.), Shikoku, 



leaves elliptic-lanceolate to oblong, 20-30 cm. long, 2-5 cm. Kyushu; rare; frequently cultivated in gardens. Ryukyus 



wide, acuminate, glabrous, gradually narrowed to the sheath- and China. Forma gebina (Lindl.) Ohwi. Bletia gebina 



ing base; inflorescence spicate, loosely 3- to 7-flowered; bracts Lindl.; Bletilla striata var. gebina (Lindl.) Reichenb. f. 



green, oblong-lanceolate, 2-3 cm. long, 6-8 mm. wide, acute, Shirobana-shi-ran. Flowers white, 

 several-nerved, the margins scarious; flowers rose-purple; 



22. NERVILIA Gaudich. Mukago-saishin Zoku 



Terrestrial herbs with bulblike rhizomes; leaves solitary, radical, developing after anthesis, rounded-flabellate to cordate, 

 plicate, petiolate, parallel-nerved; scapes with a few membranous bladeless sheaths near the base; inflorescence racemose, 1- to 

 many-flowered; perianth-segments narrow, nearly alike, subparallel; lip sessile or clawed at base of the column, narrow, entire 

 or 2- to 3-fid; spur scarcely developed; column elongate, clavate; stigma oblong or broader; rostellum short; anther substipitate; 

 pollinia 1 or 2 in each cell; capsules erect or pendulous. About 60 species, in Africa, India, Malaysia, e. Asia, and n. Australia. 



1. Nervilia nipponica Makino. N. punctata Makino, oblanceolate, subobmse, thinly membranous, nearly erect; 



excl. syn. Mukago-saishin. Leaves solitary, long-petioled, petals slightly shorter than the sepals; lip narrow, as long as 



cordate-rounded, subacute, 7- to 9-nerved, 3.5-4.5 cm. wide; the petals, 3-lobed, the lateral lobes elliptic, rugulose, white, 



scapes about 10 cm. long, slender, pale purple, loosely sheathed, purple-spotted inside, the median lobe very small, obtuse, 



1-flowered, the sheaths (reduced leaves) tubular, obliquely white; ovary obovoid, prominently pedicelled. June. Hon- 



truncate; flowers solitary, terminal, at first ascending, nodding shu (Izu Isls., Musashi and Izumi Prov.), Kyushu (Tanega- 



later, about 10 mm. long, purplish; bract thinly membranous, shima); very rare, 

 oblanceolate, about 5 mm. long; perianth-segments narrowly 



23. EPIPOGIUM Sw. Torakichi-ran Zoku 



Saprophytic herbs without chlorophyll; rhizomes coralloid or tuberous; stems loosely scaly; flowers racemose, short-pedicelled, 

 spreading to pendulous; bracts membranous, usually shorter than the flowers; sepals equal, free, narrow, ascending or reflexed; 

 petals similar to the sepals ; lip sessile, ovate, inflated below forming a saccate spur, the lateral lobes absent or small, the terminal 

 spreading, with 2-A series of papillae within; column short, broadened at tip; rostellum broad and short; stigma prominent, 

 broad, separated from the rostellum; pollinia 1 in each locule, granular, often with filiform caudicles attached to the glands; 

 capsules ovoid, pendulous. About 7 species, in Europe, w. Africa, Asia, Malaysia, and ne. Australia. 



lA. Rhizomes coralloid, much branched and thickened; lip on upper side of flower auriculate I.E. aphyllum 



IB. Rhizomes tuberous, not branched; lip entire. 



2A. Sepals and petals narrowly ovate; spur as long as the lip; racemes 1- to 7-flowered 2. E. japonicum 



2B. Sepals narrowly lanceolate; petals oblong-lanceolate; spur much shorter than the lip; racemes 8- to 27-flowered 3. £. rolfei 



1. Epipogium aphyllum (F. W. Schmidt) Sw. Satyr- rowly ovate, thinly membranous, erect, nearly nerveless, 



ium epipogium L.; Orchis aphylla F. W. Schmidt; E. gmelinii acuminate, 6-10 mm. long; flowers brownish, about 18 mm. 



L. C. Rich.; E. epipogium (L.) Karst. Torakichi-ran. across, pedicelled; sepals narrowly lanceolate, acute, reflexed. 



Glabrous, saprophytic, pale brown herb with short, thickened, 12-14 mm. long, 1-nerved; petals slightly shorter than the 

 much-branched coralloid rhizomes; stems 7-20 cm. long, sepals, lanceolate, acute; lip nearly as long as the petals, spread- 

 fleshy, loosely sheathed, slightly thickened at base, the sheaths ing, rose-colored and purple-spotted within, with 4-6 cristate, 

 short, thinly membranous, nerveless, obliquely truncate, 5-10 papillose lines in the center, the lateral lobes (auricles) small, 

 mm. long; racemes loosely 2- to 8-flowered, the bracts nar- ovate, the terminal lobe large, slightly concave, obtuse, with 



