Orchidaceae 



337 



undulate margins at tip; spur oblong, rounded at apex, slightly 

 shorter than the lip, 6-8 mm. long, 3-4 mm. wide; ovary 



pedicelled, nearly globose. Aug.-Oct. Coniferous woods; 



Hokkaido, Honshu; very rare. Europe, Caucasus, Hima- 

 layas, Siberia, Korea, Sakhalin, Ussuri, and Kamchatka. 

 2. Epipogium japonicum Makino. Galera japonica 



(Makino) Makino Aoki-ran. Rhizomes tuberous, 10- 



18 mm. long, transversely lined, ovoid; stems erect, fleshy, 

 yellowish, with 2 to 5 loose, thinly membranous, appressed 

 sheaths; racemes erect, loosely 1- to 7-flowered, die bracts 

 ovate, thinly membranous, longer than the pedicels; flowers 

 about 2 cm. long, pendulous; sepals and petals ascending, nar- 

 rowly ovate, acute, pale yellow with purple spots; lip inferior, 

 somewhat spreading, deltoid, entire, strongly concave, papillate 

 within, whitish with purple spots; spur thick, oblong, obtuse, 

 nearly as long as the lip; column rather short, broadened at 

 tip; ovary globose. — — Sept.-Oct. Woods in mountains; Hon- 

 shu; very rare. 



3. Epipogium rolfei (Hayata) Schltr. Galera rolfei 

 Hayata; E. makinoanum Schltr.; E. nutans sensu auct. Japon., 

 non Reichenb. £. Tashiro-ran. Rhizomes tuberous, ellip- 

 soidal, 3-4 cm. long; stems erect, 25-55 cm. long, the sheaths 

 5-6, loose, membranous; racemes erect, 6-25 cm. long, 8- to 

 27-flowered, the bracts membranous, reflexed, broadly lanceo- 

 late, gradually narrowed to tip, nerveless, 8-12 mm. long; 

 flowers pedicelled, pendulous, about 12 mm. across; sepals 

 narrowly lanceolate, 8-10 mm. long, acuminate, 3-nerved, thin, 

 nearly erect; petals oblong-lanceolate, nearly as long as the 

 sepals; lip inferior, as long as the sepals, broadly ovate, entire, 

 prominently concave, with 2 cristate glandular lines within; 

 spur oblong, much shorter than the lip, about 4 mm. long; 

 ovary ellipsoidal, 6-7 mm. long in fruit, slighriy longer than 



the pedicel. May-July. Honshu (s. Kanto Distr.), Kyushu 



(s. distr. incl. Yakushima) . Ryukyus and Formosa. 



24. YOANIA Maxim. Shoki-ran Zoku 



Stout fleshy saprophytic herbs with branched rhizomes; scapes simple, scaly; flowers relatively large, fleshy, purplish rose to 

 rose-yellow, in loose or rather dense racemes; sepals free, spreading, oblong, the petals somewhat shorter, ovate; lip suberect, ob- 

 long, as long as the petals, concave, broadened at the base, with a large saccate, porrect, obtuse spur below the limb, bearded 

 at the mouth; column slighdy shorter than the lip, erect, flat, quadrangular-oblong, auriculate; stigma depressed, transversely 

 broadened; rostellum obsolete; anther persistent, cuspidate; pollinia 2 in each locule, sectile, granular, oblong; capsules spread- 

 ing to nodding, on long pedicels. About 3 species, in Japan, Formosa, and the Himalayas. 



lA. Flowers 3-7, rather loose, rose-colored. 

 IB. Flowers 6-15, rather dense, yellow. . . . 



. . 1. Y. japonica 

 2. y. amagiensis 



1. Yoania japonica Maxim. Shoki-ran. Rhizomes 



elongate, fleshy; stems fleshy, stout, 15-25 cm. long, terete; 

 scales 6-8 mm. long, somewhat spreading, rounded at the 

 apex, fleshy, with membranous margins, convex on back; 

 flowers 3-7, rather loose, rose-colored, the bracts ovate, 6-8 

 mm. long; sepals fleshy, spreading, oblong, about 22 mm. long, 

 10-12 mm. wide, obtuse; petals slightly shorter than the sepals; 

 lip as long as the petals, erect, fleshy, the limb subtrapezoid, 

 1.6 cm. long and as wide, with a broad, papillose line within; 

 spur porrect, oblong, rounded at apex, about 7mm. long, 

 3-4 mm. wide, as high as the limb; column about 12 mm. long, 

 the lower edges winged and continuous with the margins of 

 the lip; ovary about 7-10 cm. long inclusive of the pedicel. 



July-Aug. Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



Kyushu; rare. 



2. Yoania amagiensis Nakai & F. Maekawa. Kibana- 

 No-sHOKi-RAN. Rhizomes much branched, thickened, puber- 

 ulent, membranous-scaly at the nodes; stems erect, 20-30 cm. 

 long, fleshy, stout, terete, with scattered deltoid scales; flowers 

 6-15, rather dense, yellow; sepals oblong, 25-27 mm. long, 

 rounded at apex, about 9-nerved; petals ovate, obtuse, minutely 

 serrate; lip about 22 mm. long, inflated; spur porrect, slightly 

 longer than the limb, incurved, 6-8 mm. long, 4-5 mm. across, 

 rounded at the apex, the limb broadly ovate, obtuse, longi- 

 tudinally ridged; ovary, inclusive of long pedicel, 8-10 cm. 



long. July. Woods in foothills; Honshu (Izu, sw. Kanto 



and Yamato Prov.), Kyushu; rare. 



25. STIGMATODACTYLUS Maxim. 



KoROGi-RAN Zoku 



Greenish white, delicate, saprophytic herbs with small fleshy rhizomes; stems with one scalelike leaf near the middle and 

 several more near the base; flowers few, racemose, small, the bracts ovate, small; sepals and petals alike, spreading, linear, acute; 

 lip spreading, rounded, thin, flat, with a small bilobed appendage near the base; column erect, slightly incurved in upper part, 

 narrowly wing-margined, with a small fingerlike appendage on the center within, toothed at base; pollinia 4, ellipsoidal, nearly 

 waxy; ovary short-pedicelled. About 4 species, in India, Japan, and Malaysia. 



1. Stigmatodactylus sikokianus Maxim. Korogi-ran. 

 Pale green, glabrous, delicate, leafless herb, with tuberous rhi- 

 zomes 2-3 mm. in diameter; stems 5-10 cm. long, simple, the 

 basal scales small, the median one ovate, 3-5 mm. long, acumi- 

 nate, spreading, nerveless; flowers 2 or 3, pale purplish green, 

 loosely racemose, the bracts similar to the median cauline scale; 

 sepals linear, membranous, obtuse, 1-nerved, scattered-ciliate 



near the base, the dorsal sepal 4 mm. long, the lateral ones 

 2.5 mm. long; petals linear, acute, about 3.5 mm. long; lip 

 rounded, about 4 mm. long, with obsolete teeth on upper 

 margin, the appendage about half as long as the lip, lanceolate 

 and deeply bifid; column erect, about 3.5 mm. long, 2-toothed; 



ovary pedicelled, 5-7 mm. long. Aug.-Oct. Woods in 



mountains; Shikoku, Kyushu; very rare. 



