Orchidaceae 



339 



1. Spiranlhes sinensis (Pers.) Ames. Aristotelea spiralis 

 Lour.; S. spiralis Makino, non C. Koch; Neottia sinensis Pers.; 

 S. atistralis sensu auct. Asiat., non Lindl.; N. amoena Bieb.; 



S. amoena (Bieb.) Spreng. Nejibana, Mojizuri. Roots 



slightly thickened; stems 10-40 cm. long, erect, slender, few- 

 leaved, densely white-pubescent in upper part; radical leaves 

 linear to narrowly oblanceolate, 5-20 cm. long, 3-10 mm. wide, 

 acute to acuminate, narrowed to the base, the stem-leaves few, 

 smaller, apprcssed, lanceolate, acuminate, sheathed at base; 

 spikes 5-15 cm. long, densely white-pubescent, densely many- 

 flowered, the bracts narrowly ovate or oblong, 4-8 mm. long. 



long-acuminate, appressed to the ovary; flowers pale rose, 

 rarely white, 4-5 mm. across, slighdy open; sepals lanceo- 

 late, 4-5 mm. long, gradually narrowed, obtuse; petals erect, 

 sUghdy shorter than the sepals, linear-lanceolate; lip obovate, 

 white, slighdy longer than the sepals, minutely dentate on the 

 margins, slightly recurved at tip, with a small callosity on 

 each side; ovary sessile; capsules erect, ellipsoidal, 6-7 mm. 

 long. Apr.-Aug. Grassy places in lowlands and hills; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very common. Sakha- 

 lin, Kuriles, Siberia, China, Manchuria, Korea, Ryukyus, For- 

 mosa, India, Malaysia, and Australia. 



28. GOODYERA R. Br. 



Shusu-ran Zoku 



Terrestrial, rarely subepiphytic perennials, mosdy with fleshy roots; leaves mosdy basal, alternate, ovate to lanceolate, pedolate; 

 inflorescence spicate, the flowers relatively small, bracteate; sepals nearly equal, the dorsal erect, forming a hood with petals, 

 the lateral ones spreading to suberect; lip sessile, ascending, concave, enure, acute, recurved, hairy at base; column short, nearly 

 terete, not appendaged; stigma simple, broad; rostellum erect; anther-locules separate; pollinia oblong; capsules erect, erostrate. 

 About 100 species, in Europe, N. America, especially abundant in the warmer part of Asia. 



lA. Flowers many, 15-100 in dense spikes; sepals 3-4 mm. long. 



2A. Stems stout, 40-80 cm. long, erect from a very short creeping base; spikes 7-25 cm. long; leaves acuminate, 8-15 cm. long. 



1. G. procera 

 2B. Stems 10-20 cm. long, declined to ascending from a long creeping base; spikes 4-7 cm. long; leaves acute, often abruptly so, 

 2-6 cm. long. 

 3A. Stems ascending; leaves ovate, 3-6 cm. long, 2-3.5 cm. wide; sepals obtuse, ovate, the lateral sepals narrowly ovate-oblong. 



2. G. hachijoensis 



3B. Stems declined; leaves broadly lanceolate to ovate or narrowly so; sepals subobtuse, narrowly ovate 3. G. pendiila 



IB. Flowers 1-12, usually in loose spikes; sepals 4-30 mm. long. 



4A. Inflorescence 3- to 12-flowered, rarely fewer; flowers obliquely ovate in lateral view; sepals narrowly ovate, 4-10 mm. long. 

 5A. Inflorescence pedunculate, upper part of stem and ovary densely pubescent; sepals sparingly puberulent. 



6A. Sepals 4-5 mm. long 4. G. repens 



6B. Sepals 7-10 mm. long. 



7A. Flowers 2-3; sepals about 10 mm. long, acuminate 5. G. ogalae 



7B. Flowers 4-12; sepals 7-10 mm. long, obtuse. 



8A. Inflorescence with minute straight or crisped hairs; bracts ascending, not appressed to the ovarv; sepals 7-8 mm. long; 



leaves with the midrib white-striate 6. G. veliitina 



8B. Inflorescence with rather long, crisped hairs; bracts erect, appressed to the ovary; sepals 8-10 mm. long; leaves white- 

 reticulate on upper surface, rarely green 7. G. schUchtendaliana 



5B. Inflorescence sessile, glabrescent or sparingly papillose-pilose 8. G. maximowicziana 



4B. Inflorescence 1- to 3-flowered; flowers long-tubular; sepals linear, 2.5-3 cm. long 9. G. macrantha 



1. Goodyera procera (Ker-Gawl.) Hook. Neottia pro- lower part; flowers small, white changing to yellow; sepals 



cif;-a Ker-Gawl.; G. /flnri/o/w Fr. & Sav. Kingin-so. Stems ovate, about 4 mm. long, obtuse, the dorsal sepal ovate, the 



erect from a short-creeping base, stout, fleshy, 40-80 cm. long, lateral sepals narrowly oblong-ovate, slightly greenish; petals 



rather densely leafy on the lower half; leaves broadly lanceo- forming a hood with the dorsal sepal, white, oblanceolate; lip 



late to oblong, 8-15 cm. long, 2-6 cm. wide, acuminate, acute broadly ovate, rather obtuse, as long as the sepals, saccate- 



to nearly rounded at base, 5- to 7-nerved, the upper leaves few, dilated at base, pale yellow, pubescent within; column short, 



reduced, the petioles 3-7 cm. long, broadened into a short about 2/3 as long as the sepals; rostellum short, bifid; polUnia 



sheath at base; spikes densely many-flowered, 7-25 cm. long, bilobed in each locule; ovary about 6 mm. long, glabrous. 



slightly pubescent; sepals 3-4 mm. long, ovate, obtuse; lip Sept.-Oct. Woods in mountains; Honshu (Hachijo); rare, 



broadly ovate, rounded at apex, about 2 mm. long, pilose, the Var. yakushimensis (Nakai) Ohwi. G. ya^ushimensis 



inner side with 2 callose protuberances; column nearly as long Nakai Yakushima-shusu-ran. Leaves ovate to oblong- 



as the lip; ovary glabrous. Kyushu (Yakushima). Ryu- ovate, with white spots along the midnerve, the bracts pubes- 



kyus, Formosa, China, India, and Malaysia. cent below. Woods in mountains; Kyushu (Yakushima and 



2. Goodyera hachijoensis Yatabe. Peramium hachijo- Tanegashima) ; rather rare. 



ense (Yatabe) Makino Hachijo-shusu-ran. Stems about Var. leuconeura (F. Maekawa) Ohwi. G. lettconeura F. 



15 cm. long, ascending from a long-creeping base; leaves ovate, Maekawa Shiraito-shusu-ran. Leaves with white nerves, 



3-6 cm. long, 2-3.5 cm. wide, acute, rounded at base, with a the margins undulate; spur and limb of the lip slender. 



white line along die midnerve, the petioles 1-1.5 cm. long Woods in mountains; Kyushu (Yakushima and Tanegashima). 



inclusive of the short sheaths; spike short, densely many-flow- Var. matsumurana (Schltr.) Ohwi. G. matsumurana 



ered, shghdy one-sided, short-pubescent, the scape with a few Schltr.; Peramium matsumuranum (Schltr.) Makino Ka- 



scales, about 5 cm. long; bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, gome-ran. Shghdy larger than the preceding varieties; 



6-12 mm. long, ciliate, longer dian the ovary, embracing the leaves broader, sometimes subcordate, 4-6 cm. long, 2-3 cm. 



