Orchidaceae 



343 



33. MYRMECfflS Bl. Aridoshi-ran Zoku 



Small, low, terrestrial herbs from long-creeping rhizomes; leaves few, on lower part of stem, ovate, short-petiolatc; flowers 

 relatively small, spicate, few, sometimes solitary; sepals connate at base, mostly erect, the lateral sepals forming a short chin 

 with the foot of the column; petals broadly lanceolate; lip attached to the base of the column, with 2 protuberances within, 

 ventricose at base, saccate, spurless, the claw narrow, entire, the limb short, broad, bifid; column very short; stigmas 2, dis- 

 tinct, on each side of the short erect rostellum; pollinia sectile; caudicles very short; capsules erect, sessile. Few species in e. 



Asia. 



lA. Lip slightly longer than the perianth, distinctly dilated in upper part on the bifid obtriangular limb 1. M. japonica 



IB. Lip slighdy shorter than the perianth, not dilated, subtruncate 2. M. lsul(,usiana 



1. Myrmechis japonica (Reichenb. f.) Rolfe. Rham- 

 phidia japonica Reichenb. f.; M. gracilis sensu Fr. & Sav., non 



Bl. Aridoshi-ran. Stems 3-8 cm. long, long-creeping at 



base, glabrous in lower part, the upper part with scattered, 

 white, crisped multicellular hairs; leaves 5-7, green, broadly 

 ovate, 5-12 mm. long, 4-8 mm. wide, obtuse, the petioles 5-10 

 mm. long, briefly dilated below with a short membranous 

 sheath at base; flowers 1 or 2, rarely 3, white, the bracts 

 scarious, 1-nerved, narrowly 3-angled, appressed to the ovary, 

 acute, 4-6 mm. long; sepals lanceolate, 6-7 mm. long, gradu- 

 ally narrowed to the obtuse tip, the dorsal sepal recur\'ed, the 

 lateral ones ascending; petals linear; lip slighdy longer than 

 the perianth segments, saccate at base, distinctly dilated in 

 upper part to the bifid obtriangular hmb; column very short. 



Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. 



distr.); rare. 



2. Myrmechis tsukusiana Masam. Tsukushi-aridoshi- 

 RAN. Stems 4-5 cm. long, creeping at base; leaves flat, 



entire, ovate-rounded to ovate, 5-10 mm. long, 5-7 mm. 

 wide, obtuse to acute, short-petiolate; peduncles 15-25 mm. 

 long, pubescent; bracts obovate-lanceolate, embracing the base 

 of the ovary, ciliate, membranous; flowers 1 or 2; sepals ovate- 

 lanceolate, about 4 mm. long, 2.5 mm. wide, slighdy narrowed 

 to the obtuse tip, slightly united at base; petals lanceolate, 4.5 

 mm. long, 2 mm. wide; lip slighdy shorter than the perianth 

 segments, spreading, lanceolate, about 4 mm. long, 2 mm. 

 wide at base, saccate, subtruncate at apex; column very short, 

 erect. July-Aug. Woods; Kyushu (Yakushima); very 



34. ZEUXINE Lindl. 



KiNU-RAN Zoku 



Terrestrial, erect, unbranched herbs from a creeping base; leaves linear to ovate, petiolate, sheathing at base; flowers small, 

 sessile, in spikes, the bracts membranous; sepals nearly equal, free, the dorsal erect, forming a hood with the narrow closely 

 appressed petals, the lateral sepals spreading; lip slighdy adnate to the base of the column, erect, included, concave, smooth or 

 with 2 callosities within, the limb entire or bifid; column not appendaged, short, the stigma with 2 protuberances; anther-locules 

 contiguous; pollinia granular; capsules erect, ovate. About 40 species, in India, Malaysia, tropical Africa, and e. Asia. 



1. Zeuxine strateumatica (L.) Schltr. Orchis stratcu- 

 matica L.; Z. sulcata Lindl.; Adenostylis strateumatica (L.) 



Ames KiNU-RAN, Hosoba-ran. Stems 5-10 cm. long, 



rather densely leafy at base; leaves fleshy, linear, 1.5-4 cm. 

 long, 3—4 mm. wide, acuminate, sheathing at base; spikes 2-4 

 cm. long, densely flowered, the bracts scarious, triangular- 

 ovate, 7-12 mm. long, long-acuminate, 1-nerved, longer than 



the flowers; flowers sessile, half-open, abruptly recurved above 

 the ovary; sepals ovate-oblong, 5-6 mm. long, obtuse, 1-nerved; 

 petals and lip as long as the sepals; capsules ellipsoidal, about 



6 mm. long. Apr. Kyushu (s. distr. incl. Yakushima and 



Tanegashima). India, Malaysia, China, Formosa, and Ryu- 



kyus. 



35. TROPIDIA Lindl. Nettai-ran Zoku 



Terrestrial, slender, sometimes branched herbs; leaves thin, plicate, many-nerved; flowers relatively small, in terminal spikes; 

 bracts herbaceous; sepals not fully open, the dorsal narrowest, the lateral forming a short chin below the hp at base; petals as 

 long as the lateral sepals; lip sessile, erect, grooved, saccate or spurred at base, the limb entire, as long as the sepals, usually 

 acuminate; column short; rostellum elongate, acuminate, erect, with a membranous margin embracing the anther on each 



side; anther-locules contiguous; pollinia granular; capsules ovoid, acutely angled. More than 20 species, in tropical Asia and 



the Pacific Islands. 



1. Tropidia nipponica Masam. Yakushim.\-nettai-ran. 

 Stems 10-30 cm. long, slender, erect, stiff, glabrous, the lower 

 portion with 3-7 membranous sheaths; leaves \-^, on the up- 

 per part of the stem, thin, firm, ovate-oblong to lanceolate, 

 5-10 cm. long, 2-3.5 cm. wide, caudate-acuminate, narrowed 

 to the petiole, many-nerved, plicate; uppermost leaf at die 

 base of the peduncle broadly linear, about 4 cm. long, 3-5 mm. 

 wide; spikes about 10-flowered, the peduncle about 6 cm. long, 



the bracts lanceolate, 1-3 mm. long, acuminate; flowers yellow; 

 dorsal sepal narrowly obovate, 6-8 mm. long, 3-3.5 mm. wide, 

 the lateral sepals completely united into an obovate, navicular 

 blade; petals lanceolate, about 6.5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide; lip 

 ovate-lanceolate, about 5 mm. long, 3.5 mm. wide, saccate at 

 base, abrupdy recur\-ed at ape.\; column about 3 mm. long. 



July-Aug. Honshu (Hachijo Isl. in Izu), Shikoku (Tosa 



Prov.), Kyushu (Yakushima and Koshiki); very rare. 



