ORCHroACEAE 



345 



bracts deltoid, delicate; sepals narrowly oblong, obtuse, about 

 3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, 3-nerved, brown-purple, ascending; 

 petals slightly shorter than the sepals; lip simulating die petals, 

 completely spurless; column about 1.5 mm. long, nearly terete. 



with a groove on the ventral side, obliquely truncate; ovary 



about 4 mm. long, short-pcdicelled. May. Kyushu (Mount 



Tara in Hizen) ; very rare. 



40. EPfflPPIANTHUS Reichenb. f. Ko-ichiv6-ran Zoku 



Delicate terrestrial, glabrous herbs with slender, elongate rhizomes; leaves solitary; scapes erect with few scales on the lower 

 portion; racemes loosely few-flowered; bracts minute, nerveless; flowers small, yellowish green; sepals and petals narrowly ob- 

 long, somewhat spreading, obtuse; lip as long as the sepals, short-clawed, narrowly oblong, spreading, short-auriculate, the 

 limb or lobe obtuse, entire; column slender, erect, shorter than the sepals, slightly incurved in upper part, angled on each side; 



stigma large; anthers terminal; pollinia 4, in 2 locules, globose; ovary clavate-cylindrical, short-pedicelled. Two species in e. 



Asia. 



1 A. Column slender, not flattened or appendaged; lip entire I.E. schmidtii 



IB. Column flattened, with an auriculate wing on each side on the upper portion; lip denticulate 2. £. sawadantis 



1. Ephippianthus schmidtii Reichenb. f. E. sachaUn- 

 ensis Reichenb. f.; Liparis schmidtii (Reichenb. f.) Benth. 

 Ko-ichiy6-ran. Slender glabrous perennial with creep- 

 ing rhizomes; leaves solitary, broadly ovate, flat, 1.5-3 cm. 

 long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, obtuse, rounded to subcordate at base, 

 the petioles 2-5 cm. long; scapes slender, 10-20 cm. long, with 

 2 sheathing scalelike leaves in lower part; racemes 1-3 cm. 

 long, loosely 2- to 7-flowered, the bracts membranous, about 

 1 mm. long; flowers horizontally spreading or nodding, yel- 

 lowish green; sepals narrowly oblong, about 5 mm. long, ob- 

 tuse, 3-nerved; petals slightly shorter than the sepals; lip short- 

 clawed at base, abrupdy dilated above, the limb about as long 

 as the sepals, flat, entire, oblong-ovate, slightly recurved, with 

 a fleshy, callose protuberance on each side at base; column 

 about 2/3 as long as the sepals; ovary pedicelled; capsules 

 pendulous, clavate-fusiform, 8-10 mm. long. July-Aug. 



Mossy places in coniferous woods in mountains; Hokkaido, 



Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). Sakhalin, and s. Kuriles. 



2. Ephippianthus sawadanus (F. Maekawa) Ohwi. 



Hakpneaste sawadana F. Maekawa Hakone-ran. Leaves 



oblong, 1.5-3 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, obtuse, acute to sub- 

 rounded at base, the petioles 1.5-2.5 cm. long; scapes 8-15 cm. 

 long, with 1 or 2 remote membranous sheathing scales 5-12 

 mm. long; racemes 1-4 cm. long; flowers 3-5, yellowish green, 

 the bracts membranous, 1 mm. long, obtuse, toothed; sepals 

 4.5-5 mm. long, obtuse, 3-nerved; petals slightly shorter than 

 the sepals, denticulate; lip 4-5 mm. long, 2-2.2 mm. wide, 

 slightly involute and brownish purple on inner side at tip, 

 denticulate; column 2.5 mm. long, flattened, cuneate-obovate, 

 with an auriculate wing on each side; ovary about 3 mm. long. 



June. Woods in mountains; Honshu (Hakone, Fuji, Chi- 



chibu, Yamato) ; very rare. 



41. MICROSTYLIS Nutt. Hozaki-ichiy6-ran Zoku 



Plants small, terrestrial or epiphytic; stems thickened at base; leaves few, chiefly radical, membranous, broad, flat, sheathed at 

 base; flowers small or minute, in terminal racemes, the bracts small, narrow; sepals free, spreading; petals usually narrower than 

 the sepals, sometimes filiform; lip sessile, erect or spreading, inflated on the back, entire, 2- to 3-lobed or fimbriate, cordate or 

 auriculate; column very short, terete, emarginate, auriculate; anthers erect, deciduous, the locules separate, persistent; pollinia 4, 

 in 2 locules, waxy, ovoid; capsules small, ovoid. About 200 species, widely distributed, especially abundant in the Tropics. 



1. Microstylis monophyllos (L.) Lindl. Ophrys mono- 



phyllos L.; Malaxis monophyllos (L.) Sw.; Microstylis diphylla 

 Lindl.; Acroanthes monophylla (L.) Greene; Liparis incon- 



spictia Makino Hozaki-ichiyo-ran. Pseudobulb ovoid, 



covered with old leaf-sheaths; leaves 1 or rarely 2, thin, broadly 

 ovate to elliptic, 4-8 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, subacute to ob- 

 tuse, rounded to abrupdy narrowed at base, the sheaths 3-8 

 cm. long; peduncles 15-30 cm. long, naked; racemes 8-15 cm. 

 long, rather densely flowered, the bracts deltoid-lanceolate, 1-2 



mm. long, acuminate; flowers 2.5-3 mm. across, pale green; 

 sepals slightly recurved, linear, 2.5 mm. long; petals lanceolate, 

 as long as die sepals, subobtuse, 1-nerved; lip as long as the 

 sepals, the lower half reniform, abrupdy narrowed at tip, sub- 

 acute, 3-nerved; column very short; capsules obovoid, pedi- 

 celled, erect, 5-6 mm. long, crowned with the remnants of the 



decayed perianth. July. Coniferous woods; Hokkaido, 



Honshu (centr. and n. distr.), Shikoku; rather rare. Cooler 



regions of N. America and Eurasia. 



42. MALAXIS Sw. Yachi-ran Zoku 



Stems short; leaves 2 or 3, basal or nearly so, small, short-sheathing at base; flowers minute, green, racemose, short-pedicelled; 

 sepals free, spreading, the petals much smaller, spreading; lip ascending, without a foot, longer than the petals, cordate and 

 loosely embracing the column; column very short, terete, retuse, toothed at the apex; anthers in a depression on the column, 

 nearly erect, persistent, the locules separate; pollinia 4, in 2 locules, waxy, obovoid-oblong. A single species widely dis- 

 tributed in Eurasia and N. America. 



1. Malaxis paludosa (L.) Sw. Ophrys paludosa L.; cm. long, 4-10 mm. wide, obtuse, gradually narrowed to a 



Hammarbya paludosa (L.) O. Kuntze Yachi-ran. Stems short-sheathing base; peduncles slender, naked; racemes 3-5 



5-10 cm. long, from a creeping base; leaves 1-3, with small cm. long, rather densely flowered, the bracts broadly lanceolate, 



tubers in the axils, narrowly oblong to broadly lanceolate, 1-2.5 appressed to the ovary, 1.5-2.5 mm. long; flowers pale green. 



