352 



Orchidaceae 



49. CREMASTRA Lindl. Saihai-ran Zoku 



Terrestrial herbs with creeping rhizomes and pseudobulbs; leaves solitary, large, slightly plicate, narrowed to the petiole; scapes 

 loosely sheathed; racemes simple, the flowers slender, nearly tubular, short-pedicelled, pendulous or nodding, the bracts linear, 

 short; sepals and petals free, narrow, erect; lip from the base of the column, free, linear, erect, slightly saccate, the lateral lobes 

 small, the terminal lobe oblong, entire; column linear, erect, essentially terete; anthers terminal; pollinia 4 in each cell, waxy; 

 capsules ellipsoidal. About 5 species, in e. Asia and the Himalayas. 



lA. Leaves 25-40 cm. long, 4-5 cm. wide; flowers densely arranged, 3-3.5 cm. long, with erect sepals; terminal lobe o£ lip not geniculate. 



1. C. variabilis 

 IB. Leaves 10-12 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide; flowers loosely arranged, 18-20 mm. long, with ascending sepals; terminal lobe of Up geniculate. 



2. C. unguiculata 



1. Cremastra variabilis (Bl.) Nakai. Hyacinthorchis 

 variabilis Bl.; C. wallichiana sensu auct. Japon., non Lindl.; 



C. mitrata A. Gray; C. appendiculata Makino, excl. syn. 



Saihai-ran. Terrestrial herb; pseudobulbs ovoid, about 3 

 cm. long; leaves solitary, rarely 2, terminal on the pseudobulb, 

 narrowly oblong, 25-45 cm. long, 4-5 cm. wide, long-acumi- 

 nate, narrowed below to the petiole, often white- or pale yel- 

 low-maculate, with 3 main nerves and intervening veinlets; 

 scapes erect, 30-50 cm. long, terete, loosely few-sheathed; ra- 

 cemes 10-20 cm. long, 10- to 20-flowered, sulcate, rather dense, 

 the bracts thinly membranous, linear-lanceolate, 7-10 mm. 

 long, acuminate; flowers pendulous, rose to rose-purple with 

 a brownish tinge; sepals and petals linear-oblanceolate, 3-3.5 

 cm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, acuminate; lip about 3 cm. long, 

 slightly broadened at base, erect, 3-lobed, the lateral lobes 

 lanceolate, small, erect, the terminal lobe oblong, about 9 mm. 

 long, truncate and slightly recurved at tip; column about 2.5 

 cm. long, slightly broadened at tip; capsules 2-2.5 cm. long, 



nearly sessile, pendulous. May-June. Woods in hills and 



low elevations in the mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, 



Kyushu; rather common. s. Sakhalin, s. Kuriles, and s. 



Korea. 



2. Cremastra unguiculata (Finet) Finet. Oreorchis 

 unguiculata Finet Token-ran. Pseudobulbs ovoid-glo- 

 bose, about 10 mm. long; leaves 2, sometimes solitary, terminal 

 on the pseudobulb, oblong, 10-12 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, 

 acute to abruptly acuminate, 3-nerved and with intervening 

 veinlets, deep green with rather large dark purple spots above, 

 purplish beneath, the petioles 4-6 cm. long; scapes slender, 

 erect, 25-40 cm. long, with 2 sheathing scales; racemes loosely 

 few-flowered, 8-10 cm. long, glabrous; flowers ascending, not 

 fully open, 18-20 mm. long, the bracts lanceolate, membra- 

 nous, 4-6 mm. long; sepals ascending, linear-oblanceolate, 18- 

 20 mm. long, acute, narrowed at base, yellowish brown with 

 purple striations; petals linear, 14-16 mm. long, acute, closely 

 contiguous with the dorsal sepal; lip as long as the petals, 

 linear, embracing the lower part of the column, barely inflated 

 at base, white, 3-lobed, the lateral lobes erect, lanceolate, much 

 smaller than the terminal one, the terminal lobe obovate, about 

 5 mm. long, rounded at apex, undulate on margin; column 12- 



13 mm. long. May-June. Woods in foothills; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku; rare. 



50. OREORCHIS Lindl. 



KoKEi-RAN Zoku 



Terrestrial herbs; pseudobulbs with 1 or 2 narrow plicate leaves; scape erect, simple, with a few sheathing scales at base; 

 flowers relatively small, in terminal racemes, pedicelled, the bracts linear, minute; sepals and petals equal, free, narrow, as- 

 cending or with incurved tips; lip as long as the sepals, inserted at the base of the column, spurless, the claw erect, the limb 3- 

 lobed, the lateral lobes erect, short, narrow, the terminal lobe broad; column elongate, nearly terete, subclavate in upper part, 



wingless, without a foot; anther terminal, pollinia 4, distinct, nearly globose; capsules oblong or fusiform, reflexed. About 



10 species, in n. India, China, Formosa, Korea, Japan and e. Siberia. 



1. Oreorchis patens (Lindl.) Lindl. Corallorhiza patens 

 Lindl.; O. lancifolia A. Gray; O. gracilis Fr. & Sav.; O. patens 

 var. gracilis (Fr. & Sav.) Makino Kokei-ran. Pseudo- 

 bulbs ovoid-globose, 1.5-2 cm. long; leaves 1 or 2, narrowly to 

 broadly lanceolate, 20-30 cm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, gradually 

 acuminate at both ends, short-petiolate; scapes 30-40 cm. long, 

 with 2 membranous sheaths on the lower part; racemes 10-20 

 cm. long, relatively many-flowered; flowers yellowish brown; 

 bracts membranous, linear, 4-6 mm. long, acuminate; sepals 

 and petals ascending, lanceolate, 8-10 mm. long, subobtuse; 



petals closely contiguous on the dorsal sepal; lip ascending, as 

 long as the sepals, white with dark purple spots, 3-lobed from 

 the base, the lateral lobes lanceolate, 4-5 mm. long, obtuse, 

 erect, the terminal lobe cuneate-obovate, denticulate, 2-ridged 

 on the inside; column about 9 mm. long; capsules pendulous, 



short-pedicelled, narrowly fusiform, about 20 mm. long. 



Woods in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; 

 rather rare. China, Ussuri, Sakhalin, s. Kuriles, and Kam- 

 chatka. 



51. DACTYLOSTALIX Reichenb. f. Ichiyo-ran Zoku 



Terrestrial herbs with short rhizomes; leaves solitary, ovate, petiolate; scapes 1- to 2-sheathed; flowers terminal, solitary, rel- 

 atively large, short-pedicelled; sepals and petals narrow, alike, ascending; lip slighdy concave, short-clawed at base, spurless, 3- 

 lobed, the lateral lobes short, erect, the terminal obovate, recurved at tip, undulate on margins; column rather long, winged, 

 with 2 appendages at the apex; anther with 4 pollinia. One species, in Japan. 



