354 



Orchidaceae 



versely quadrangular-oblong, truncate; column terete, about 



4 mm. long. July-Aug. Epiphyte on trees, sometimes also 



occurring on mo^sy rocks; Honshu (sw. distr. and Izu-shi- 



chito Isls.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus (Amami-Oshima). 



2. Eria yakushimensis Nakai. O-osa-ran. Plant ever- 

 green; pseudobulbs 1-6 cm. long, 5-25 mm. in diameter, green, 

 slightly compressed and angular, 3-sheathed while young; 

 leaves 2, linear-lanceolate to oblanceolate, 8-30 cm. long, 15-40 

 mm. wide, acute, lustrous above; scapes with few scales; ra- 



cemes 5-8 cm. long, the bracts minute or absent; flowers 10- 

 16; dorsal sepal oblong-lanceolate, 10-11 mm. long, 3-4 mm. 

 wide, subobtuse, pale yellowish green; petals slightly shorter 

 than the sepals, linear-oblong; lip recurved, the lateral lobes 

 obtuse, purplish at base, the terminal lobe 5-keeled, with 1 pair 



disappearing toward the base; column about 3 mm. long. 



Nov. Epiphyte on trees, also occurring on mossy rocks; Kyu- 

 shu (Yakushima and Tanegashima) ; rare. 



54. BULBOPHYLLUM Thouars Mamezuta-ran Zoku 



Plants epiphytic, with scaly long-creeping rhizomes, the pseudobulbs 1- or 2-leaved; stem with a single joint or pseudobulb; 

 peduncles lateral, simple, leafless; inflorescence umbellate to racemose, the flowers sometimes solitary, the bracts minute; 

 dorsal sepal free, as long as or longer than the lateral ones, joined with the base of the column and forming a short chin; 

 petals relatively small; lip narrowed at base and attached to the base of the column, versatile, the lateral lobes small, the terminal 

 prominent; column erect, short, winged in upper part; pollinia waxy, usually 4. About 700 species in e. Africa, India, Ma- 

 laysia, Australia, e. Asia, and tropical America. 



lA. Lateral sepals free; leaves obtuse; rhizomes without fibers of the disintegrated scales. 



2A. Pseudobulbs absent; leaves elliptic to ovate, 7-13 mm. long, not prominently nerved; petals much shorter than the dorsal sepal, 



glabrous I. B. drymoglossum 



2B. Pseudobulbs ovoid, 5-8 mm. long; leaves usually oblanceolate to narrowly oblong, 1-3.5 cm. long, 7- to 9-nerved; petals nearly as 



long as the dorsal sepal, ciliate 2. B. inconspicuum 



IB. Lateral sepals much longer than the dorsal, the lower margins sometimes partly connate; leaves subacute; rhizomes with persistent 

 fibers of the disintegrated scales. 



3A. Pseudobulbs 6-8 mm. long; leaves lanceolate, 4-8 cm. long, 6-10 mm. wide, acute; flowers about 10 mm. long 3. B. japonicum 



3B. Pseudobulbs 1-2 cm. long; leaves narrowly ovate-oblong, 10-17 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, subobtuse; flowers about 3.5 cm. long. 



4. B. makinoanum 



1. Bulbophyllum drymoglossum Maxim. Mamezuta- 

 ran. Plants evergreen, epiphytic, with slender elongate 

 rhizomes; pseudobulbs absent; leaves solitary at the nodes, 

 rather fleshy, flat, elliptic to ovate, 7-13 mm. long, 5-10 mm. 

 wide, obtuse, nearly sessile, the nerves inconspicuous; scapes 

 1-flowered, 7-10 mm. long, delicate, with few small scales at 

 the base, the bracts ovate, thinly membranous, about 1.5 mm. 

 long, obtuse; flowers pale yellow; sepals broadly lanceolate, 

 gradually acuminate, 7-8 mm. long; petals oblong, glabrous, 

 much shorter than the dorsal sepal; lip broadly lanceolate, 



obtuse, slightly recurved, shorter than the sepals. June. 



Tree-trunks; Honshu (centr. distr. and westw.), Shikoku, 

 Kyushu; rather rare. s. Korea. 



2. Bulbophyllum inconspicuum Maxim. Mugi-ran. 

 Plants evergreen, epiphytic, with slender rhizomes; pseudo- 

 bulbs ovoid, 5-8 mm. long, relatively remote; leaves oblanceo- 

 late to narrowly oblong, 1-3.5 cm. long, 6-8 mm. wide, 

 rounded to obtuse or retuse, 7- to 9-nerved, narrowed to a 

 short petiole; flowers 1 or 2 on short lateral peduncles, the 

 bracts thinly membranous, oblong, about 2 mm. long; sepals 

 ovate-elliptic, 3-3.5 mm. long, the dorsal somewhat shorter; 

 petals nearly as long as the dorsal sepal, ciliate, spreading; lip 

 narrowly ovate, recurved at tip. June. Tree-trunks; Hon- 

 shu (centr. and western), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



3. Bulbophyllum japonicum (Makino) Makino. Cir- 

 rhopetalum japonicum Makino Miyama-mugi-ran. Ever- 

 green epiphyte with rather slender, creeping fibrous rhizomes; 



pseudobulbs ovoid-globose, 6-8 mm. long; leaf solitary, 

 somewhat coriaceous, lanceolate to nearly so, 4-8 cm. long, 

 6-10 mm. wide, obmse, acute at base; flowers 2 or 3, about 

 10 mm. long, rose-purple, in umbels, the bracts membranous, 

 lanceolate, 1-2 mm. long, acuminate; scape 1.5-2 cm. long; 

 sepals ascending, the dorsal oblong, about 2.5 mm. long, the 

 lateral ones broadly lanceolate, about 7 mm. long, gradually 

 acuminate, the outer margins contiguous; petals ovate, shorter 

 than the dorsal sepal; lip reflexed, rather thick, rounded; col- 

 umn short; capsules ellipsoidal. June-July. Tree-trunks; 



Honshu (centr. and western), Shikoku, Kyushu. 

 4. Bulbophyllum makinoanum (Schltr.) Masam. Cir- 



rhopetalum makinoanum Schltr. Shiko-ran. Evergreen 



epiphyte with short, creeping, fibrous rhizomes; pseudobulbs 

 somewhat mfted, narrowly ovoid-conical, 1-2 cm. long, green, 

 angled or only slightly so; leaves solitary, thick and slightly 

 lustrous, narrowly ovate-oblong, 10-17 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, 

 subacute to obtuse, acute at the base, the petioles 1-1.5 cm. 

 long; scapes slender, nodding to pendulous, 10-15 cm. long, 

 with 1 or 2 small scales; flowers 2-4, about 3.5 cm. long, in 

 umbels, pedicelled, yellowish brown, the bracts lanceolate, 

 acuminate, 4-5 mm. long; sepals ascending, the dorsal one 

 narrowly oblong, 8-10 mm. long, the lateral ones linear- 

 lanceolate, 25-30 mm. long, gradually acuminate, slightly 

 connate; petals about half as long as the dorsal sepal. July- 

 Sept. Tree-trunks in mountains; Kyushu (Yakushima and 

 Tanegashima) . Ryukyus. 



55. CYMBIDIUM Sw. 



Shun-ran Zoku 



Terrestrial or epiphytic herbs with short rhizomes (rarely saprophytic without green leaves) ; stems abbreviated, concealed by a 

 tuft of leaves; leaves fasciculate, linear; scapes few-scaled, erect or declined, 1- to many-flowered; flowers rather large, solitary or 

 in racemes, the bracts short; sepals equal, free, spreading; petals similar to the sepals or slightly shorter; lip without a foot, 

 the lateral lobes rather broad, loosely embracing the column in natural position, the terminal lobe undivided, with 2 elevated 



