Fagaceae 



379 



p. grosseserrata BL; Q. crispula var. grosseserrata (Bl.) Miq. 



Mizu-NARA. Leaves obovate to narrowly so, acute to 



subacute, with rather acute teeth; involucral scales less promi- 

 nently keeled and strongly appressed. May-June. Moun- 

 tains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Sakhalin and 



s. Kuriles. 



10. Quercus serrata Thunb. 0. glanduUfera BL; Q. 



canescens Bl.; O. urticaefolia Bl. Ko-naea, Hahaso, Nara. 



Large or small deciduous tree widi rather slender branchlets 

 pubescent while young; leaves obovate to narrowly ovate, 

 sometimes oblong, rarely broadly lanceolate, 6-15 cm. long, 

 2.5-7 cm. wide, acute, cuneate to acute or subrounded at base, 

 coarsely mucronate-toothed, widi grayish white appressed- 

 pubescence especially beneath, deep green and glabrate above, 

 the petioles 5-15 mm. long; fruiting involucres with short 

 appressed-hairs; nuts ellipsoidal or oblong-ovoid, 15-20 mm. 



long. Apr.-May. Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; 



very common and highly variable. s. Kuriles, Korea, and 



China. 



Var. donarium (Nakai) Kitam. & Horikawa. Q. donarium 

 Nakai Teriha-ko-nara. Leaves narrower and promi- 

 nently lustrous above. Occurs with the typical phase. 



Quercus neostiixbergii Koidz. Ao-nara. Poorly known 

 and possibly synonymous with Q. serrata. 



11. Quercus aliena Bl. Q. acutidentata (Maxim.) 



Koidz.; Q. aliena var. acutidentata Maxim. Naragashiwa. 



Deciduous tree with rather stout glabrous branches; leaves ob- 

 long-obovate or obovate, 10-25(-35) cm. long, obtuse to sub- 

 acute, undulate-toothed, glabrous above, densely brownish or 

 grayish stellulate-pubescent beneath, the petioles 1-3 cm. long, 

 glabrous; fruiting involucres axillary, whitish puberulent; nuts 



ellipsoidal or ovoid, 2-2.5 cm. long. Apr. Honshu (Kinki 



Distr. and wesnv.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Hybrids of Nos. 9 and 10 are: Quercus X pellucida (Bl.) 

 Nakai. 0-mizu-nara; and Quercus X major Nakai. Oba- 



KO-NARA. 



12. Quercus dentata Thunb. O. obovata Bunge Ka- 



SHrwA. Deciduous tree with stout short gray-yellow villous 



branches; leaves obovate to broadly so, 10-30 cm. long, 6-18 

 cm. wide, obtuse, narrowed and auriculate below, with few 

 coarse rounded teeth, pubescent at first on the nerves above, 

 densely pale grayish with simple or sometimes stellate hairs 

 beneath, the lateral nerves 4 to 10 pairs, the petioles 2-5 mm. 

 long, not prominent; fruiting involucres fascicled, subsessilc, 

 enveloping more than half the nut, the scales broadly linear, 

 dense, die upper ones to 12 mm. long, white-puberulous out- 

 side; nuts ovoid-globose, 15-20 mm. long. May. Sunny 



slopes and thickets, lowlands to mountains; Hokkaido, Hon- 

 shu, Shikoku, Kyushu. s. Kuriles, Korea, and China. 



Hybrids of Nos. 10 and 12 are Quercus X nipponica 



Koidz. Q. angustelepidota Nakai Kashiwa-ko-nara; and 



Quercus X takatorensis Makino. Ko-cASHrwA. 



13. Quercus variabilis Bl. Q. bungeana Forbes 



Abe-maki. Deciduous tree, the branches soon becoming 

 glabrous; leaves narrowly ovate-oblong, 8-15 cm. long, 2.5-5 

 cm. wide, short-acuminate with a short awn at apex, rounded 

 to broadly cuneate at base, obsoletely undulate-toothed, with 

 9 to 16 pairs of lateral nerves, the marginal teeth awn-tipped, 

 glabrous above, densely pale yellow-brown or grayish stellate- 

 pubescent beneath, the petioles glabrous, 10-25 mm. long; 

 fruiting involucres nearly sessile, slighdy shorter than the nut, 

 the scales linear, elongate, dense; nuts ovoid-globose, 15-20 

 mm. long.- — -Apr.-May. Honshu (centr. distr. and westw.), 

 Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea and China. 



14. Quercus acutissima Carruth. Q. serrata sensu auct. 



Japon., olim, non Thunb. Kunugi. Deciduous tree, the 



branches pubescent, becoming glabrate; leaves narrowly linear- 

 oblong, 8-15 cm. long, 2-4 cm. wide, acute, rounded to 

 broadly cuneate at base, pubescent on both sides at first, soon 

 becoming glabrous above, pale green and nearly glabrate be- 

 neath except for axillary tufts of hairs, die lateral nerves 12 

 to 16 pairs, marginal teeth awn-tipped, the petioles 1-2 cm. 

 long; fruiting involucres sessile, enveloping more dian half 

 the nut, the scales broadly linear, slightly reflexed, dense; nuts 



subglobose, about 2 cm. long and as wide. May. Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea and China. 



3. CASTANEA Mill. Kuri Zoku 



Monoecious deciduous trees, rarely shrubs, the branches without terminal buds; leaves petiolate, alternate, simple, toothed, with 

 parallel lateral nerves; staminate flowers on erect or spreading slender aments; perianth 6-merous; stamens 10-20; pistillate 

 flowers usually subtending the staminate aments, usually in fascicles of 3; ovary 6-locular; styles 6, linear; ovules 2 in each 



locule; nuts l-3(-7), brown, enclosed in spiny 2- to 4-lobed involucres. About 10 species, in the temperate regions of the N. 



Hemisphere. 



1. Castanea crenata Sieb. & Zucc. C. striata Sieb. & 

 Zucc; C. vesca var. pubinervis Hassk.; C. pubinervis (Hassk.) 



C. K. Schn.; C. japonica Bl. Kuri. Tree, die branches 



densely gray-white short-hairy while young; leaves oblong- 

 lanceolate or narrowly oblong, 8-15 cm. long, 3^ cm. wide, 

 acuminate, obtuse to shallowly cordate at base, undulately 

 toothed with 15 to 20 pairs of lateral nerves that project be- 

 yond the margin as short awns, puberulous on nerves above, 

 glabrescent to densely pale yellowish brown soft hairy, with 

 discoid sessile glands beneath; staminate aments 10-15 cm. 



long, densely flowered, yellowish white, erect, or suberect; 

 fruiting involucres with long subglabrous spines; nuts 2-3, the 

 hilum occupying the whole basal area; styles about 3 mm. 



long. July. Foothills; Hokkaido (sw. distr.), Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu; much planted for the nuts. 



Castanea mollissima Bl. C. bungeana Bl. Shinaguri. 



Leaves coarsely toothed; sessile discoid glands absent beneath; 

 hilum smaller; young branchlets and petioles puberulent and 



spreading pilose; sometimes cultivated in our area. Korea 



and China. 



4. CASTANOPSIS Spach Shii-no-ki Zoku 



Evergreen monoecious trees with entire or toodied, coriaceous leaves; staminate flowers in erect aments, the perianth 5- to 6- 

 merous; stamens 10 or 12; pistillate flowers 1-3 in an involucre; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, the stigmas minute; fruit wholly en- 

 closed in an ovoid to globose, sometimes fissured, spinose or tuberculate, or transversely striate involucre, the nut maturing the 

 second year. About 30 species, chiefly in e. and s. Asia, 1 species in western N. America. 



