Urticaceae; Podostemaceae 393 



1. Parietaria debilis Forst. var. micrantha (Ledeb.) achenes broadly ovate, black, lustrous, about 1.5 mm. long. 



Wedd. P. micrantha Ledeb. Hikace-mizu. Delicate Aug.-Oct. Honshu, Kyushu; rather rare. Siberia, N. 



soft-pubescent annual 10-15 cm. high; leaves alternate, long- China, and Korea. The typical phase occurs in warmer areas 



petioled, ovate to broadly so, 8-25 mm. long, 5-15 mm. wide, from Asia to Australia, Africa, and S. America, 

 obtuse, deep green; flowers few, axillary, the bracts linear; 



11. POUZOLZIA Gaudich. Oba-hime-mao Zoku 



Glabrescent or hirsute monoecious shrubs or herbs; leaves opposite or alternate, equilateral, usually entire, 3-nerved, the lateral 

 nerves not reaching to the tip of the blade, the cystoliths punctiform, the stipules axillary, free, persistent; flowers in axillary 

 glomerules or in terminal spikes, the bracts small, scarious; staminate perianth 3- to 5-parted, the segments ovate, convex on 

 tsack; stamens 3-5; pistillate perianth tubular, often ovoid, nerved, sessile, contracted and 2- to 4-toothed at apex; stigma filiform, 



deciduous, villous; achenes black or ivory, enclosed in the sometimes persistent costate perianth, shining, smooth. More than 



20 species in the Tropics, abundant in Asia. 



1. Fouzolzia zeylanica (L.) J. Benn. Parietaria zeylan- nerved with the lateral nerves reaching l/'i-i/'^ the entire 



ica L.; Parietaria indica L.; Parietaria alienata L.; Parietaria length, the cystoliths white-punctiform, callose, the petioles 



cochinchinensis Lour.; Pouzolzia indica (L.) Gaudich.; Pou- 3-15 mm. long, the stipules deltoid, hyaline; flowers few, in 



zolzia microphylla Wight; Pouzolzia indica var. alienata (L.) axillary glomerules, nearly sessile; staminate perianth-segments 



Wedd.; P. indica var. alienata subvar. microphylla (Wight) 4, ovate, coarsely pilose; pistillate perianth ovoid in fruit, about 



Wedd. Oba-hime-mao, Tsuru-mao-modoki, Arie-hime- 1.2 mm. long, several-ribbed, coarsely pilose; achenes ovoid, 



MAO. Ascending much-branched subshrub with elongate, slen- scarcely compressed, shining, smooth, black, 1 mm. long, acute 



der, terete, pilose branches; leaves membranous, ovate to nar- at apex; stigma brown, about 1 mm. long, densely pilose, 



rowly so, or sometimes broadly lanceolate in the upper ones, deciduous. Aug.-Oct. Honshu (Aogashima in Izu Isls.), 



2.5-4 cm. long, 5-20 mm. wide, acute to subobtuse, rounded Kyushu (Yakushima). Ryukyus, Formosa, China to Malay- 



to subcuneate at base, opposite or alternate, entire, weakly 3- sia, and India. 



12. GONOSTEGIA Turcz. Tsuru-mao Zoku 



Glabrescent to pubescent, monoecious, rarely dioecious, perennial herbs or subshrubs; leaves opposite or ternate, often alternate 

 in the upper ones, usually equilateral, entire, 3-nerved, the lateral nerves reaching nearly to apex, the cystoliths punctiform, the 

 stipules axillary, free or connate (interpetiolar) ; flowers with a scarious bract at base, in axillary glomerules or in spikes; 

 staminate perianth 3- to 5-lobed, the segments ovate, short-acuminate, with a transverse fold on the upper half or infracted, 

 the stamens as many as the segments; pistillate perianth tubular, often ovoid, enclosing the achene in fruit, toothed at the mouth; 

 stigma filiform, hairy; achenes small, lustrous. About 15 species in India, Malaysia, and se. Asia. 



1. Gonostegia hirta (Bl.) Miq. Urtica hirta Bl.; Pou- hairs on both sides or nearly glabrous, the petioles 1-3 mm. 



zolzia hirta (Bl.) Hassk.; Memorialis hirta (Bl.) Miq. long; staminate flowers short-pedicellate, pilose; fruit ovoid, 



TsuRU-MAo. Perennial suffrutescent herb with much-elon- about 1 mm. long, the enveloping perianth with short white 



gated procument or declined branches 30-50 cm. long, short- hairs especially above; stigma pilose. Sept.-Oct. Honshu 



pubescent above; leaves membranous, ovate to lanceolate, 3-7 (Kii Prov. and Chugoku Distr.), Kyushu. China, Ryukyus, 



cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, acute to acuminate, rounded to shal- Formosa, Malaysia, and India, 

 lowly cordate at base, 3- to 5-nerved, entire, with appressed 



Fam. 70. PODOSTEMACEAE Kawagoke-s5 Ka Riverweed Family 



Submersed herbs attached to rocks in running water, often by frondlike or mosslike, flat, often pinnately divided photosynthetic 

 roots; stems simple or scarcely developed, or sometimes much elongate and branched; flowers bisexual or unisexual, solitary or 

 cymose, actinomorphic, often enclosed in a spathe when young; perianth membranous, lobed or absent; stamens 1-4, free or the 

 filaments connate, the anthers 2-locular, longitudinally split; ovary superior, usually 2-locuIar, with a central placenta; styles 2-3, 



short or slender; ovules many; fruit a septicidal capsule; seeds minute, without endosperm. About 43 genera, with about 140 



species, mosdy in the Tropics. 



lA. Frondlike body rounded, obsoletely and irregularly lobulate; leaves unlobed; stamens 2, the filaments connate; capsules ribbed, 2-valved, 

 the valves equal I. Hydrobryum 



IB. Frondlike body pinnately branching; leaves palmately lobed; stamens 1; capsules dehiscing with 2 unequal valves, the smaller valve de- 

 ciduous 2. Cladopus 



1. HYDROBRYUM End!. Kawagoromo Zoku 



Submersed herbs, the frondlike body flat, rounded, irregularly shallowly lobulate, green; flowers borne on the frond, solitary on 

 a very short simple scape covered with scalelike or filiform green leaves, die spathe entirely enveloping the flower in bud, splitting 

 on one side in anthesis, the perianth-segments 2, subulate, adnate at base of the filament; stamens 2, die filaments connate be- 

 low; ovary 2-!ocular, ovoid; stigmas 2, ovate, linear or cuneate, entire or lobed; capsules ovoid, 2-valved, ribbed, many-seeded. 



About 10 species in India and e. Asia. 



