Aristolochiaceae ; Rafflesiaceae 



401 



5-8 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide; flowers about 1.5 cm. across, the 

 perianth broadly tubular, with about 18 longitudinal ribs and 

 accompanying veinlets inside, the lobes nearly spreading, ovate, 

 obtuse; styles nearly as long as the tube. Feb.-Mar. Hon- 

 shu (w. Tokaido and Hokuriku to e. Kinki Distr.). 



Var. hisauchii (F. Maekawa) F. Maekawa. A. hisatichii 



F. Maekawa Zeniba-saishin. Leaves usually orbicular 



and small.— Cultivated in Kinki Distr. of Honshu (spon- 

 taneous in Tokaido and Kinki Distr. incl. Kiso region). 



Var. dilatatum (F. Maekawa) F. Maekawa. Heterotropa 



dilatata P. Maekawa Suehiro-aoi. Perianth-tube much 



inflated, deeply cup-shaped, with 3 shallow wrinkles on the 

 limb at base on the throat. Honshu (Kinki Distr.). 



29. Asarum variegatum A. Braun & Bouche. Hetero- 

 tropa variegata (A. Braun & Bouche) F. Maekawa Koba- 



no-kan-aoi. Small herb; leaves solitary, reniform-orbicular, 

 about 3 cm. wide, slightly retuse, flat, dull, long-petioled; 

 flowers resembling No. 28 but thicker, the perianth-lobes de- 

 current to the limb, without a distinct limit between the throat. 

 — — Mar.-Apr. Known only in cultivation. 



30. Asarum megacalyx F. Maekawa. Heterotropa 



megacalyx (F. Maekawa) F. Maekawa Koshi-no-kan-aoi. 



Leaves long-petioled, ovate-hastate or hastate, 9-12 cm. long, 

 6.5-8 cm. wide, acute, lustrous, glabrous beneath; perianth 

 tubular-globose, about 2 cm. long and as wide, subtruncate at 

 base, with 15 longitudinal ribs and accompanying transverse 

 veinlets inside, the lobes spreading, broadly ovate, about 12 



mm. long, 14 mm. wide. Apr.-May. Honshu (Hokuriku 



and w. part of n. distr.). 



2. ARISTOLOCfflA L. Uma-no-suzu-kusa Zoku 



Scandent or rarely erect perennial herbs or shrubs; leaves alternate, petiolate, entire or 3- to 5-lobed, usually cordate, 5- to 7- 

 nerved; flowers zygomorphic, solitary or in axillary fascicles, the calyx (perianth) adnate below to the ovary, the tube narrow, 

 usually inflated around the style, the throat slightly narrowed, the limb open or recurved, entire or 3- to 6-lobed; stamens usu- 

 ally 6, the anthers sessile, adnate to the style or stigma, 2-locular, the locules longitudinally split; ovary inferior, usually 6-locular, 

 the placentae parietal; style short, 3- to 6-lobed; capsules 6-valved; seeds numerous, horizontal, flat, or recurved on margin, com- 

 pressed. About 600 species, mainly in the Tropics and subtropics, a few in the temperate regions. 



lA. Plants pubescent; calyx -tube prominently curved, the limb orbicular and shallowly 3-lobcd. 



2A. Hairs rather dense and long; leaves subcoriaceous, usually orbicular-cordate; calyx-limb about 1.5 cm. across, yellow-green, brown- 

 striate inside, the tube 2.5-3.5 cm. long \. A. J^aempjeri 



2B. Hairs loose and relatively short; leaves thick-membranous or chartaceous, usually deeply 3-lobed; calyx-limb larger, yellow, chang- 

 ing to black-purple, the tube 4-5.5 cm. long 2. A. onoci 



IB. Plants glabrous; calyx-tube slightly curved, the limb obliquely cut, narrowly deltoid, entire. 



3 A. Leaves narrowly deltoid-ovate, rather thick-membranous, 1.5-3 times as long as wide, the petioles 8-20 mm. long; flowers solitary 

 in axils; calyx-limb short-attenuate, acute 'i. A. debilis 



3B. Leaves cordate, thinly membranous, nearly as long as wide, the petioles 1-7 cm. long; flowers few in axils; calyx-limb with a long 

 filiform apex 4. ^. contorta 



1. Aristolochia kaempferi Willd. A. lineata Duchart.; Scandent glabrous perennial from stout creeping elongate rhi- 



Hocquartia kaempjeri (Willd.) Nakai Oba-uma-no-suzu- zomes; young branches dark purple, soon glaucescent; stems 



kusa. Scandent shrub, 2-3 m. high, the young branches slender, 30-100 cm. long, branching; leaves petiolate, narrowly 



and leaves densely soft-pubescent while young; leaves often ovate-deltoid, obtuse, cordate, 4-7 cm. long, 2-5 cm. wide, the 



polymorphic, petiolate, cordate-orbicular, 8-15 cm. long and petioles 8-20 mm. long; flowers solitary in axils, the pedicels 



as wide, sometimes 3-lobed, obtuse to subacute, cordate, sub- 2-4 cm. long, the calyx-tube yellowish green, slender, slighdy 



coriaceous, glabrate above, gray-white pubescent beneath; recurved above, inflated and globose at base, the limb obliquely 



flowers solitary in axils, pedicels 4-5 cm. long, densely truncate, narrowly deltoid-acuminate, slightly recurved on 



brownish pubescent; calyx-tube recurved near the middle, the margin, brown-purple inside; capsules globose, about 1.5 cm. 



3 lobes orbicular, glabrous inside, green-yellow, brown-striate, long. June-Aug. Thickets and meadows in lowlands; 



valvate and covering the throat in bud; capsules oblong, Honshu (Kan to Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



6-ribbed, 5-7 cm. long; seeds elliptic, about 5 mm. long, China. 



rounded on back, strongly recurved, with a raised longitudinal 4. Aristolochia contorta Bunge. A. nipponica Makino 



line on ventral face. May-June. Honshu (Kanto Distr. Maruba-uma-no-suzu-kusa, Ko-uma-no-siizu-kusa. Re- 



and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus and China. sembles the preceding; plant glabrous; leaves cordate or 



2. Aristolochia onoei Fr. & Sav. A. arimaensis Ma- broadly ovate-cordate, 4-10 cm. long, 3.5-8 cm. wide, acute 



kino; A. kaempferi var. trilobata Fr. & Sav. Hosoba-uma- or obtuse, cordate, thinly membranous, glaucescent, the petioles 



no-suzu-kusa, Arima-uma-no-suzu-kusa. Resembling the 1-7 cm. long; flowers few in axils, fascicled, the pedicels 1-4 



preceding but more slender and less hairy; leaves thinner, cm. long; calyx-tube inflated and globose at base, the limb 



shorter-pubescent beneath, broadly ovate to lanceolate, usually dilated, obliquely truncate, narrowly deltoid, long-acuminate 



3-lobed; flowers rather large, the calyx-Hmb yellow, soon to a filiform point; fruit obovoid-globose, about 3 cm. long. 



changing to black-purple. June. Honshu (centr. distr. and July-Aug. Honshu. Korea, n. China, Manchuria, and 



westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ussuri. 



3. Aristolochia debilis Sieb. & Zucc. Um.^-no-suzu-kusa. 



Fam. 76. RAFFLESIACEAE Yakko-s6 Ka Rafflesia Family 



Fleshy parasitic herbs with or without reduced scalelike leaves; stems short or nearly absent, scaly or naked; flowers terminal, 

 solitary, or in a terminal raceme, actinomorphic, bisexual or unisexual, the perianth of one whorl, fleshy, globose, or cam- 

 panulate, the tube adnate below to the ovary, the limb 3- to 10-lobed, the segments imbricate or valvate in bud; stamens 8 to 



