POLYGONACEAE : ChENOPODIACEAE 



413 



villus (L.) Dumort. Soba-kazura. Minutely pilose- 



papillose annual; stems slender, scandent, 40-100 cm. long; 

 leaves sagittate-cordate, 3-4.5 cm. long, 2.5-4.5 cm. wide, 

 acute to acuminate, cordate at the base, the petioles 1-5 cm. 

 long; sheaths obliquely truncate, 2-5 mm. long; flowers in 

 loose terminal panicles and in small axillary fascicles, greenish, 

 about 3.5 mm. long in fruit, wingless; achenes ovoid, dull, 

 punctulate, enclosed in the perianth, acutely trigonous, about 



3 mm. long. June-Sept. Naturalized; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



Kyushu. Eurasia. 



46. Polygonum dentatoalatum F. Sclimidt. P. scan- 

 dens var. dentatoalatum (F. Schmidt) Ma.xim.; Bildcrdykja 



scandens var. dentatoalata (F. Schmidt) Nakai O-tsuru- 



iTADORi. Minutely pilose-papillose annual; stems scandent, 

 slender, elongate, sometimes more than 1 m. long; leaves 3-6 

 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide, acute to short-acuminate, cordate, 

 the basal lobes rounded, the petioles 1-6 cm. long; sheaths 

 short; flowers in short terminal and lateral spikes, or in fasci- 

 cles in leaf-a.xils, rather long-pedicellate; fruit obovoid inclusive 

 of the wing, decurrent on the pedicel, about 10 mm. long, pale 

 green, accrescent after anthesis, the outer 3 perianth-segments 

 winged on the back; achenes black, trigonous, cordate, about 



4 mm. long, rather lustrous. Aug.-Oct. Hokkaido, Hon- 

 shu (Kinki Distr. and eastw.). Sakhalin. 



47. Polygonum dumetorum L. Bilderdykja dume- 



torum (L.) Dumort.; B. pauciftora Nakai, excl. syn. Tsuru- 



TADE. Closely resembles the preceding; leaves subsagittate- 

 ovate, often long-acuminate, cordate, the lobes subacute; fruit 

 ellipsoidal to subglobose inclusive of the wings, 5-7 mm. long, 

 slightly and abruptly decurrent below on the relatively short 

 pedicel; achenes black, slightly lustrous, about 2.7 mm. long. 



July-Sept. Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu (Tsushima). 



Eurasia. 



48. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. Pletiropterus cor- 

 datiis Turcz. Tsuru-dokudami. Scandent dioecious per- 

 ennial herb from relatively thick rhizomes, minutely pilose- 

 papillose; stems much-elongate, branched, scandent, 1-2 m. or 

 longer; leaves ovate-cordate, 3-6 cm. long, 2.5-4.5 cm. wide, 

 short-acuminate, with rounded lower margins, rather long- 

 petiolate; sheaths rather short; spikes branched, terminal, 

 paniculate; flowers white, small, 1.5-2 mm. long, accrescent 

 after anthesis; fruit broadly obovate to suborbicular, 7-8 mm. 



long, the 3 prominent wings abruptly decurrent below on the 

 pedicel; achenes dark brown, lustrous, acutely trigonous, about 



2.5 mm. long. Scpt.-Oct. Naturalized in our area. 



China. 



49. Polygonum cuspidatum Sicb. & Zucc. Reynoutria 

 japonica Houtt.; P. confcrtum Hook, f.; P. zuccarinii Small; 

 Pletiropterus zuccarinii (Small) Small; Polygonum reynou- 

 tria Makino; Pleuropterus cuspidatus (Sieb. & Zucc.) Gross; 

 R. yabeana Honda; R. uzenensis (Honda) Honda; R. japonica 

 var. uzenensis Honda; R. hastata Nakai; Polygonum sieboldii 



de Vries, non Meissn. Itadori. Rather stout dioecious 



perennial herb with thick rhizomes; stems ascending from an 

 erect base, 50-150 cm. long, hollow, branched above; leaves 

 broadly ovate to ovate-elliptic, 6-15 cm. long, short acuminate, 

 pale green, usually papillose to short-pilose beneath, usually 

 truncate at base, the petioles 1-3 cm. long; sheaths thinly 

 membranous; spikes branched, numerous, terminal, panicu- 

 late; flowers densely arranged, white, 2.5-3 mm. long, the 

 pistillate accrescent after anthesis; fruit with the outer peri- 

 anth-segments winged on back, 6-10 mm. long, subcuneate at 

 base; achenes ovate-elliptic, 2-2.5 mm. long, black-brown, 



lustrous, acutely trigonous. July-Oct. Sunny places in 



hills and high mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- 

 shu; very common and variable. Korea, China, and For- 

 mosa. 



Var. compactum (Hook, f.) Bailey. P. compactum Hook. 



f.; P. sieboldii var. compactum (Hook, f.) Bailey Meige- 



Tsu-s6. A dwarf alpine phase often tinged with red. 



Var. terminale (Honda) Ohwi. Reynoutria japonica var. 



terminalis Honda; R. hachidyoensis var. terminalis Honda 



Hachijo-itadori. Leaves larger, lustrous. Honshu (Izu 



Isls.). 



50. Polygonum sachalinense F. Schmidt. Reynoutria 

 sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Nakai; R. sachalinensisvar. brachy- 



phylla Honda; R. brachyphylla (Honda) Nakai O-itadori. 



Resembles the preceding but stouter, glaucous, not papillose; 

 stems 1-2 m. long; leaves 15-30 cm. long, 10-20 cm. wide, 

 glaucous beneath, glabrous, cordate; inflorescence densely 

 pubescent; fruit cuneate-obovate; achenes ovate, about 3 mm. 

 long. Aug.-Sept. Along ravines and streams in moun- 

 tains; Hokkaido, Honshu (Japan Sea side of centr. and n. 

 distr.) ; rather common. Sakhalin and s. Kuriles. 



Fam. 79. CHENOPODIACEAE Akaza Ka Goosefoot Family 



Herbs, rarely shrubs (sometimes fleshy); leaves alternate, occasionally opposite, simple, the stipules absent, rarely minute; in- 

 florescence various, in axillary fascicles, or the fascicles arranged on panicle branches; flowers small, bracteate or bractless, bi- 

 sexual or unise.xual (plants sometimes polygamous), greenish, actinomorphic; perianth-segments 2-5, free or connate at base, 

 sometimes absent; stamens 2-5, opposite the segments; ovary usually superior, free from the perianth, 1-locular; ovules solitary, 



amphitropous; styles 1-3; fruit a nutlet enclosed by an utricle, the embryo annular or spirally coiled. About 100 genera, with 



about 1,500 species, cosmopolitan, especially abundant in drier regions. 



lA. Leaves flat; embryo annular, usually with copious endosperm in the center. 



2A. Flowers bisexual, in fascicles or in panicles; sepals distinct, persistent; testa crustaceous. 



3 A. Sepals without wings L Chenopodiurn 



3B. Sepals with a horizontal wing on back 2. Kochia 



2B. Flowers unisexual, the pistillate without a perianth, with 2 large bracts 3. Atriplcx 



IB. Leaves linear, terete or scalelikc; embryo spirally coiled; endosperm absent or scanty. 



4A. Stems jointed; leaves opposite, scalelike; embryo conduplicate ''• Salicornia 



4B. Stems not jointed; leaves alternate, linear to terete; embryo spiral. 



5 A. Leaves not spine-pointed; sepals not winged on back 5. Stiaeda 



5B. Leaves spine-pointed; sepals transversally winged in fruit 6- Salsola 



