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Chenopodiaceae 



1. CHENOPODIUM L. Akaza Zoku 



Pilose to puberulent annual or perennial herbs; leaves petiolate, flat, entire or pinnately lobed; flowers small, bisexual, sessile, 

 ebracteate, in glomerules, these often arranged in spikes or panicles; perianth-segments 2 or 3, free or slighdy connate, deciduous 

 with the fruit; stamens 1-5; styles 2-3; fruit indehiscent, an achene or utricle, the seed solitary, horizontal or vertical, the 

 endosperm mealy, embryo annular. About 80 species, cosmopolitan, especially abundant in temperate regions. 



lA. Branchlets of inflorescence short-spinose; flowers cymose; leaves entire, not mealy 1. C. aristatum 



IB. Branchlets of inflorescence not short-spinose; flowers fasciculate, spicate or in panicles. 

 2A. Plants not glandular-pilose; embryo in a perfect ring. 



3A. Stems decumbent or ascending; sepals 2—5; seeds oriented horizontally and vertically 5. C. glaiicum 



3B. Stems erect; sepals 5; seeds oriented horizontally. 

 4A. Leaves entire, sometimes with dilated lower margin. 



5 A. Leaves narrowly lanceolate to ovate-oblong, sometimes ovate-orbicular, rather thick; inflorescence-axis rather stout, densely 



flowered, rather densely reddish farinaceous while young 4. C. virgatum 



5B. Leaves deltoid or rhombic-ovate, sometimes ovate, thin; inflorescence-axis slender, rather loosely flowered, often whitish 

 mealy while young. 

 6A. Sepals broadly obovate to elliptic; nutlets smooth, the seeds keeled on margin, slightly depressed on the faces. 



2. C. bryoniaejolium 

 6B. Sepals oblong to narrowly obovate; nutlets slightly granular, the seeds lenticular, not keeled on margin. . . 3. C. \oraiense 

 4B. Leaves more or less toothed. 



7A. Seeds about 1 mm. across; leaves white-mealy at least while young beneath, not elongate above. 



8A. Leaves rhombic, deltoid-ovate, or narrowly ovate, sometimes broadly lanceolate, irregularly toothed; seeds keeled on 



margin; flowering and fruiting in September and October 6. C. album 



8B. Leaves oblong-ovate to lanceolate, deeply undulate-toothed, with lowest pair of teeth lobelike, ascending; seeds not 



keeled; flowering and fruiting in July and August in our area 7. C. ficifolium 



7B. Seeds about 2 mm. across; leaves green, relatively large, elongate above 8. C. hybridum 



2B. Plants glandular-pilose especially on leaves beneath; embryo imperfectly ringed 9. C. ambrosioides 



1. Chenopodium aristatum L. Teloxys aristata (L.) lustrous, black, rugulose, obtuse and not keeled on margin. 



Moq. Hari-sembon. Glabrous, smooth or loosely papil- Aug.-Oct. Honshu (Chiigoku Distr.), Kyushu (n. 



lose annual with erect branched stems 10-40 cm. long; leaves distr.). Korea. 



broadly linear to linear-lanceolate, 1.5-3 cm. long, 2-4 mm. 4. Chenopodium virgatum Thunb. C. acuminatum 



wide, obtuse or subacute, rather thick, gradually decurrent var. japonicum. Fr. & Sav.; C. acuminatum var. virgatum sensu 



toward the sessile or short-petioled base; inflorescence rather auct. Japon., non Moq. ^Kawara-akaza, Mardba-akaza. 



large, densely flowered while young, more expanded and Annual herb, densely red-brown puberulent while young; stems 

 rather loose in fruit, pale green, the branchlets 2-4 mm. long, erect, 30-60 cm. long, the branches ascending to suberect; 

 short-spinose; sepals oblong, about 0.5 mm. long, obtuse, green leaves rather thick, white-mealy while young especially be- 

 on back, rather broadly white-membranous on margin; seeds neath, narrowly lanceolate to ovate-orbicular, 1-4 cm. long, 

 horizontal, discoid, black, about 0.5 mm. across, the embryo 0.6-2 cm. wide, obtuse to acute, often short-awned at apex, 



imperfectly annular. July-Aug. Honshu (centr. distr.) ; cuneate to acute at base, the petioles 5-25 mm. long; inflores- 



rare. Korea, s. China, and s. Siberia. cence a terminal densely flowered panicle; sepals obovate, about 



2. Chenopodium bryoniaefolium Bunge. Midori- 1 mm. long, with a broad green band on back and faint trans- 

 akaza. Annual; stems erect, branched, 50-100 cm. long, tlie verse ridges near the middle; utricles smooth, the seeds black, 

 branches glabrous, elongate, ascending; leaves thin, hastate- about 1 mm. across, horizontal, planoconvex, with an obtuse 



ovate to deltoid or ovate, 3-5 cm. long, 2.5-4.5 cm. wide, ob- margin. June-Oct. Waste ground along rivers and sea- 



tuse or acute, with a large tooth on each side or 3-lobed, with shores; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Ryukyus and 



spreading acute to obtuse lateral teeth, broadly cuneate to sub- Formosa. 



truncate at base, slightly glaucous, mealy beneath while young, 5. Chenopodium glaucum L. Urajiro-akaza. Gla- 



the petioles 1-4 cm. long; inflorescence loosely flowered; sepals brous annual; stems decumbent to ascending, rather fleshy, 



5, elliptic or broadly obovate, obtuse, greenish on back, 1-1.3 much-branched, 15-30 cm. long; leaves oblong-ovate, some- 



mm. long; utricles orbicular, flat, smooth, the seeds black, times broadly lanceolate, 2-4 cm. long, 5-15 mm. wide, obtuse, 



about 1.3 mm. across, discoid, lustrous, indistinctly striolate, acuminate at base, slightly fleshy, deep green above, whitish 



keeled on margin. Aug. Mountains; Honshu (Kanto mealy beneath, with few deeply undulate teeth, the petioles 



Distr.) ; rare. e. Siberia and Manchuria. 5-20 mm. long; inflorescence spicate, axillary and terminal, 



3. Chenopodium koraiense Nakai. C. acuminatum var. short, rather densely flowered; sepals 2-3 or 5, about 0.5 mm. 



ovatum sensu Nakai, non Fenzl Iwa-akaza, Yama-akaza. long, membranous, obtuse, with a slender green rib on back; 



Glabrous slighdy mealy annual with elongate ascending utricles horizontal and vertical, the seeds smooth, dark brown, 

 branches; leaves thinly membranous, deltoid-ovate, rhombic- shining, flat, about 0.8 mm. across, obtuse on margin. June- 

 ovate, or narrowly rhombic-ovate, 1-4 cm. long, 0.8-3 cm. Sept. Chiefly in waste ground along seashores; Hokkaido, 

 wide, acute, broadly cuneate and often dilated toward the base, Honshu, Shikoku. Eurasia. 



slighdy glaucescent, the petioles 5-20 mm. long; inflorescence 6. Chenopodium album L. Shiro-akaza, Shiroza. 



elongate, loosely flowered; sepals 5, 0.8-1 mm. long, oblong. Glabrous annual, white-mealy on young parts and underside of 



obtuse, green on back; utricles horizontal, deep brown, slightly leaves; stems much branched, striate, 60-150 cm. long; leaves 



granular-tubercled, the seeds lenticular, flat, 1-1.2 mm. across, deltoid-ovate to rhombic-ovate, narrowly ovate in die upper 



