Caryophyllaceae 



425 



5. HONKENYA Ehrh. Hama-hakobe Zoku 



Slightly fleshy glabrous perennial herb; stems decumbent and much-branched at base; leaves ovate to oblanceolate; flovifers 

 small, bisexual or staminate, whitish, solitary in axils or cymose; sepals 5; petals 5, entire, small, shorter than the sepals; stamens 

 10; ovary 1-locular; styles 3, sometimes 4 or 5; capsules rather fleshy, globose, 3- to 5-valved, the valves enure; seeds many, 

 rather large, not strophiolate. One species, on seashores in the cooler regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



1. Honkenya peploides (L.) Ehrh. var. major Hook. 

 Ammodenia major (Hook.) Kudo; H. peploides var. oblongi- 

 folia (Torr. & A. Gray) Fenzl; H. oblongijolia Torr. & A. 

 Gray; A. peploides var. oblongijolia (Torr. & A. Gray) Maxim. 



Hama-hakobe. Lustrous fleshy green perennial from 



slender creeping rhizomes; stems tufted, much branched, de- 

 cumbent at base, 10-30 cm. long; leaves oblong, ovate or 

 broadly oblanceolate, 1.5-4 cm. long, 4-20 mm. wide, acute to 

 obtuse, mucronate, sessile; flowers in upper axils, sometimes 



leafy-cymose, short-pedicelled, yellowish green; sepals 4-5 mm. 

 long, narrowly ovate, subacute; petals white, obovate, smaller 

 than the sepals, obtuse; capsules globose, about 8 mm. across; 

 seeds 3^ mm. long. June-Sept. Gravelly slopes along sea- 

 shores; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. distr.). Korea, Sakhalin, 



Kuriles, and the Ochotsk Sea area. Alaska. The typical 



phase occurs in the Arctic regions of n. Europe to Spain, and 

 N. America. 



6. MINUARTIA L. Takane-tsume-kusa Zoku 



Small tufted perennial herbs; leaves subulate, densely disposed on the short stems and branches, 1- to 3-nerved, often with a 

 short awn; flowers solitary or in cymes, white, rarely pinkish; sepals 5, 1- to 3-nerved; petals entire, longer to shorter than the 

 sepals; stamens 10; ovary 1-locular; styles 3; capsules narrowly ovoid to ovoid-cyiindric, shallowly 3-cleft, the valves nearly 

 entire. About 100 species, in high latitudes and mountainous regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



lA. Sepals acuminate or acute, minutely awn-tipped; petals slightly longer than to as long as the sepals; capsules 3-3.5 mm. long, 



slightly longer than the sepals \. M. verna var. japonica 



IB. Sepals obtuse, not awn-tipped; petals always longer than the sepals; capsules 6-15 mm. long, 1.5-2.5 times as long as the sepals. 



2A. Leaves 3-nerved, more or less ciliate; seeds with long tubercles on margin 2. M. macrocarpa 



2B. Leaves 1 -nerved, glabrous or nearly so except near base. 



3A. Seeds glabrous 3. M. hondoensis 



3B. Seeds minutely tuberculate 4. M. arctica 



1. Minuartia verna (L.) Hiern var. japonica Hara. M. about 1.5 mm. across, tuberculate. July-Aug. Dry alpine 



verna sensu auct. Japon., non Hiern Hosoba-tsume-kusa, slopes; Honshu (centr. distr.) ; rare. 



KoBA-No-TsuME-KUSA. Stems much branched near the base, Var. minutiflora Hult. M. subfalcata Nakai, excl. syn. 



tufted, erect or ascending, 4-12 cm. long, slender, short-pubes- Ezo-miyama-tsume-kusa. Leaves hairy with scattered cellu- 



cent on upper parts; leaves subulate, 3-10 mm. long, 0.2-O.3 lar hairs on the margin.— Alpine slopes; Hokkaido. 



mm. wide, acute to subacute, minutely awn-tipped, glabrous, Kamchatka. 



persistent; flowers 1-5; sepals narrowly ovate or broadly lance- 3. Minuartia hondoensis Ohwi. M. arctica var. hondo- 



olate, about 3 mm. long, 3-nerved, glabrous or sparingly short- ensis Ohwi; Alsine arctica Makino, non Fenzl Takane- 



pilose; petals obovate, obtuse, white, as long as to slightly tsume-kusa. Low tufted perennial herb; stems much branched 

 longer than the sepals; seeds reniform-orbicular, 0.6 mm. long, below, 3-7 cm. high, slender, ascending below, erect above, 

 the superficial cells scarcely elevated. July-Aug. Rocky the upper internodes glandular short-hairy; leaves dense, sub- 

 cliffs and slopes in alpine regions; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and ulate, 8-15 mm. long, 0.5-0.7 mm. wide, obtuse, green, slightly 



centr. distr.). The species occurs widely over Eurasia to purplish red at base, sometimes loosely short-pilose on margin 



N. Africa. near base, l-nerved; flowers usually sohtary, the pedicels with 



2. Minuartia macrocarpa (Pursh) Ostenf. var. jooi glandular and short eglandular hairs; sepals linear-oblong, 

 (Makino) Hara. Alsine jooi Makino; A. macrocarpa sensu obtuse, slightly pilose, 5-6 mm. long, 3-nerved; petals white, 



auct. Japon., non Fenzl Miyama-tsume-kusa. Low spread- narrowly obovate, rounded at apex, 7-9 mm. long; capsules 



ing perennial herb, the stems creeping, much branched, the 8-10 mm. long; seeds reniform-orbicular, 0.6-1 mm. across, 



branches erect, 3-5 cm. long, spreading-pubescent above; leaves smooth, superficial cells scarcely convex. Dry slopes and on 



dense, numerous, subulate, somewhat flattened, often slightly rocks in high mountains; Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). 



arcuate, yellowish green, subobtuse to subacute, 7-12 mm. long, 4. Minuartia arctica (Stev.) Asch. & Graebn. Arenaria 



about 1 mm. wide, sparingly ciliate; flowers solitary, terminal, arctica Stev. Ezo-takane-tsume-kusa. Closely resembles 



erect, short-pedicellate; sepals linear-oblong to lanceolate, 6-7 the preceding; seeds tuberculate. July-Aug. Alpine slopes; 



mm. long, obsoletely 3-nerved, obtuse; petals narrowly obovate, Hokkaido. Cold regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



white, 7-8 mm. long, obtuse; capsules 10-15 mm. long; seeds 



7. ARENARIA L. 



NOMI-NO-TSUZURI ZoKU 



Annual or perennial herb; leaves flat, rarely linear to subulate; inflorescence paniculate-cymose; flowers rarely solitary, white; 

 sepals 5, herbaceous; petals as many and alternate with the sepals, entire, or sometimes absent; stamens 10; styles usually 3; 

 capsules ovoid, enclosed by the persistent calyx, dehiscing or widi 3 lobes, each 2-cleft or with 6 lobes; seeds many to few, sub- 

 globose to discoid, the hilum naked. Circumboreal. 



