428 



Caryophyllaceae 



5A. Stems 25-35 cm. long, loosely tufted; radical leaves spathulate, the cauline broadly lanceolate, 15-20 mm. long, 3-6 mm. wide. 



4. C. jurcatum 

 5B. Stems 10-15(-20) cm. long, densely tufted; radical and cauline leaves linear-lanceolate, 8-20 mm. long, 1.5-3 mm. wide. 



5. C. schizopetalum 

 IB. Petals entire; teeth of capsules flat, reflexed; leaves 4-8 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide d. C. pauciflorum var. oxalidiflorum 



1. Cerastium viscosum L. C. glomeratum Thuill. 



Okanda-miminagusa. Biennial herb, short spreading-pilose 

 and glandular-pubescent; stems 10-60 cm. long, somewhat 

 tufted; radical leaves broadly spathulate or broadly lanceolate, 

 the cauline narrowly oblong to ovate, 7-20 mm. long, 4-12 

 mm. wide, obtuse, mucronate; inflorescence dense, the bracts 

 green, small, the pedicels shorter than to as long as the sepals; 

 sepals lanceolate, acute, 4-5 mm. long, with long ascending 

 hairs on back, slightly membranous on margin; petals shorter 



than the sepals; seeds about 0.5 mm. wide. Apr.-May. 



Meadows and roadsides in lowlands and foothills; Honshu, 

 Shikoku, Kyushu; very common. Introduced from Europe. 



2. Cerastium vulgatum L. C. caespitosum Gilib.; C. 

 holosteoides Fries; C. triviale Link O-miminagusa. Per- 

 ennial herb, 15-30 cm. high, pilose and often glandular-hairy 

 on upper parts; stems erect, tufted; leaves ovate to narrowly 

 ovate-oblong, 1-4 cm. long, 4-12 mm. wide, acute to subobtuse, 

 mucronate; inflorescence spreading in fruit, the pedicels 5-25 

 mm. long, erect in anthesis, abruptly curved near top in fruit; 

 flowers white; sepals broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 

 pubescent, purplish toward the scarious margin, subacute to 

 obtuse, 5.5-6.5 mm. long; petals nearly as long as the sepals; 

 capsules 8-10 mm. long; seeds 0.6-0.7 mm. wide, low-tuber- 



cled. June-July. Lowlands to foothills; Hokkaido. 



Europe, Siberia, n. Korea, and Sakhalin. 



Var. hallaisanense Nakai. C. caespitosum var. ianthes 

 (Williams) Hara; C. ianthes Williams; C. holosteoides var. 



hallaisanense (Nakai) Mizushima Miminagusa. Slighdy 



smaller in all parts than in the typical phase; sepals 4-5(-5.5) 



mm. long. May- June. Lowlands to foothills; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea and China. 



3. Cerastium fischerianum Ser. C. alpinum var. fisch- 

 erianum (Ser.) Regel; C. schmidtianum Takeda; C. robustuin 



Williams; ? C. rishiriense Miyabe & Tatew. Obana-no- 



miminagusa. Rather tufted, spreading-pubescent perennial; 

 stems 15-60 cm. long; leaves oblong-lanceolate, narrowly ovate 

 or elliptic, 1-5 cm. long, 3-20 mm. wide; inflorescence loose, 

 the pedicels 1-3 cm. long; sepals ovate-oblong or narrowly ob- 

 long, 6-8 mm. long, obtuse, with scarious margins; petals 

 cuneate-obovate, 10-12 mm. long, bifid, rarely 2-lobed or twice 

 toothed; capsules 12-15 mm. long; seeds mammillate, 1-1.2 

 mm. wide. June-Aug. Lowlands, especially near sea- 

 shores; Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu (n. distr.); variable. 



Kamchatka, Kuriles, Sakhalin, Ochotsk Sea region, and n. 

 Korea. 



4. Cerastium furcatum Cham. & Schltdl. var. tetra- 

 schistum (Takeda) Ohwi. C. ta\edae Hara; C. ta\edae var. 

 tetraschistum Takeda; ? C. mitsumoriense Miyabe & Tatew. 



Hosoba-miminagusa. Slightly pubescent, loosely tufted 



perennial; stems 25-35 cm. long, with a single longitudinal 

 line of hairs on the internodes; radical leaves spathulate, ob- 

 tuse, 5-15 mm. long, sometimes spreading-hairy, the cauline 

 lanceolate to ovate-oblong, glabrescent, 15-20 mm. long, !>-(> 

 mm. wide; inflorescence loosely few-flowered, the pedicels 1-2 

 cm. long, short-pubescent; sepals 3.5-5 mm. long, ovate-oblong, 

 the margins broadly scarious; petals about 8 mm. long, spathu- 



late-oblong, bifid, rarely twice-lobed. July- Aug. Alpine; 



Honshu (centr. distr.). 



Var. ibukiense Ohwi. C. vulgatum var. alpinum sensu 

 Fr. & Sav., non Koch Koba-no-miminagusa. Stems as- 

 cending and branching below; flowers smaller than in the pre- 

 ceding variety; petals about 7 mm. long. May-June. 



Mountains; Honshu (Mount Ibuki in Oomi); rare. The 



typical phase occurs in e. Siberia, Manchuria, Korea, and n. 

 China. 



5. Cerastium schizopetalum Maxim. Mr?AMA-MiMi- 

 nagusa. Densely tufted, pubescent perennial; stems 10-20 

 cm. long, branched at base, rather elongate; leaves linear-lance- 

 olate or narrowly lanceolate, 8-20 mm. long, 1.5-3 mm. wide, 

 acute to subacute; inflorescence loosely few-flowered, glandular- 

 pilose, the pedicels 1-2 cm. long; sepals ovate-oblong, 3-5 man. 

 long, glabrous and scarious on margin, obtuse; petals 10-12 

 mm. long, bifid, the lobes again shallowly 2- to 3-lobed; cap- 

 sules 7-8 mm. long; seeds about 0.6 mm. long, minutely 

 tubercled. July-Aug. Alpine; Honshu (centr. distr.) . 



Var. bifidum Takeda. C. rupicola Ohwi. Kumoma- 



miminagusa. Petals simply bifid. ^Alpine regions of 



Honshu (Mount Shirouma). 



6. Cerastium pauciflorum Stev. var. oxalidiflorum 



(Makino) Ohwi. C. oxalidiflorum Makino Tagasode-s6. 



Densely tufted pubescent perennial herb; stems 30-40 cm. 

 long; leaves broadly lanceolate, 4-8 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, 

 subacuminate to acute with an obtuse tip; inflorescence rather 

 loosely more than 10-flowered, glandular-pilose, the pedicels 

 2-5 cm. long; sepals elliptic to ovate-oblong, obtuse, 5-6 mm. 

 long, scarious on margin; petals cuneate, entire, rounded at 

 apex, about 15 mm. long; capsules 11-17 mm. long, the teeth 



reflexed; seeds tubercled, about 1 mm. across. May-June. 



Mountains; Honshu (centr. distr.); rare. The typical phase 



occurs in Siberia and Manchuria. 



11. STELLARIA L. 



Hakobe Zoku 



Erect to decumbent, often tufted herbs, rarely with branched hairs; flowers solitary in the leaf axils or in cymes, white to 

 green; sepals 5; petals 5, bifid, sometimes lacerate or retuse, rarely absent; ovary 1-locular, many- or rarely few-ovuled; styles 3, 

 rarely 5, alternate with the sepals; capsules 3- (5-) valved, the valves bilobed; seeds reniform-globose or flattened, rarely winged 

 or tubercled on the margin. About 100 species, cosmopolitan in temperate and cold regions. 



lA. Leaves at least the lower ones distinctly petioled, ovate or deltoid-ovate; hairs if present simple and not branched. 



2A. Styles 5 1.5. aquatica 



2B. Styles 3. 



3A. Pedicels and stems with a longitudinal series of soft hairs. 



4A. Leaves 4-8 cm. long, ciliate; sepals obsoletely nerved 2. S. bungeana 



