440 Ranunculaceae 



9A. Petals spurred. 



lOA. Flowers actinomorphic; leaves ternately compound 9. Aquilegia 



lOB. Flowers zygomorphic; leaves palmately lobed or divided 10. Aconitum 



9B. Petals, when present, not spurred. 



11 A. Petals smaller than the petaloid sepals, often reduced to a nectary or absent. 

 12 A. Leaves ternately or pinnately compound. 



13A. Sepals many 11. Anemonopsis 



13B. Sepals 3 to 5. 



HA. Fruit a berry 12. Actaea 



14B. Fruit a follicle. 



15A. Follicles and carpels stipitate, evergreen herbs 13. Coptis 



15B. Follicles and carpels usually sessile; summer-green herbs. 



16A. Flowers in racemes or spikes 14. Cimicifuga 



16B. Flowers solitary, in umbels or panicles 15. hopyrum 



12B. Leaves orbicular or palmately cleft. 



17A. Petals present; leaves palmately cleft or dissected. 



18A. Petals entire; carpels sessile; scapes not involucrate 16. TrolUus 



18B. Petals cleft; carpels stipitate; scapes involucrate 17. Eranthis 



17b. Petals absent; leaves merely toothed 18. Caltha 



IIB. Petals well developed; sepals 3 to 5, greenish, much shorter than the petals. 



19A. Leaves palmately cleft; sepals caducous; seeds flat, winged; follicles 2, connate inside, flat 19. Glaucidium 



19B. Leaves ternately compound; sepals persistent; seeds subglobose, not winged; follicles 3-5 20. Paeonia 



1. CLEMATIS L. Sennin-so Zoku 



Scandent or rarely erect bisexual or dioecious perennial herbs or shrubs; leaves opposite, petioled, pinnate or ternate, rarely 

 simple, entire or toothed; flowers in panicles, corymbs, or solitary, white, purple or yellowish; sepals 4, sometimes 5 or more, 

 petaloid, free, deciduous; petals absent or small, linear to spathulate, much smaller than the sepals; stamens many, the filaments 



glabrous or pubescent; carpels many; achenes 1-seeded; style elongate, often much so after anthesis, persistent, pilose. About 



250 species, widely distributed in the temperate zones, mainly in the N. Hemisphere. 



lA. Sepals erect, usually recurved at the tip; flowers tubular or campanulate, nodding. 



2A. Petals present; flowers solitary; stamens densely pubescent 1. C. ochotensis 



2B. Petals absent. 



3A. Leaflets entire, often lobed or divided; flowers solitary, usually brown-villous; filaments densely pubescent 2. C. jtisca 



3B. Leaflets toothed, often lobed to divided. 

 4A. Erect herbs slightly woody at base. 



5A. Lateral leaflets broadly cuneate or subrounded on both halves at base; flowers 15-20 mm. long 3. C. stans 



5B. Lateral leaflets subcordate on outer half at base, broadly cuneate to subrounded on inner half; flowers 20-25 mm. long. 



4. C. spcciosa 

 4B. Scandent herbs with woody base. 



6A. Filaments villous; flowers tubular-campanulate. 



7A. Flowers in fascicles or solitary in axils of leaves of young branchlets. 



8A. Sepals purplish, thick, ovate-lanceolate, scarcely dilated above, acute, densely short-tomentose near margin. 



9A. Bracts remote from the flowers, small, green 5. C. japonica 



9B. Bracts subtending the flowers, often large and colored 6. C. obvallata 



8B. Sepals creamy white, membranous, spathulate-oblong, dilated above, obtuse, densely pubescent on back. . . 7. C. tosaensis 

 7B. Flowers solitary, terminal and axillary toward the top of young branchlets. 



lOA. Young branchlets glabrous or nearly so; leaves green; peduncles 2—8 cm. long, glabrous; sepals 12-18 mm. long, rather 

 thick, narrowly oblong, white-tomentose near the margin, abruptly acute; achenes several, with a tail 2.5—3 cm. long. 



8. C. lasiandra 



lOB. Young branchlets scattered pubescent; leaves glaucous; peduncles 10-14 cm. long, pubescent; sepals 2.5-3 cm. long, 



membranous, oblong-ovate, gradually long-acuminate, loosely pubescent on both sides; achenes many, the tail 4.5-5 



cm. long 9. C. serraiifolia 



6B. Filaments glabrous or nearly so; flowers broadly campanulate 10. C. wilUamsii 



IB. Sepals spreading from the base; flowers rotate, erect in anthesis, petals absent. 

 IIA. Flowers large, solitary, 5-15 cm. across; spring. 



12A. Peduncles with a pair of leaflike bracts; sepals 6 in the normal form 11. C. -florida 



12B. Peduncles not bracteate; sepals 8 in the normal form 12. C. patens 



IIB. Flowers small, 10-25 mm. across; summer to autumn. 



13A. Flowers 1 to 3 in leaf-axils; anthers oblong, about 1 mm. long, blackened when dry 13. C. pierotii 



13B. Flowers 3 to many, in terminal and axillary panicles; anthers linear, 2-3 mm. long, yellow. 



14A. Leaflets toothed 14. C. apiifolia 



14B. Leaflets entire or lobed to divided, not toothed. 



15A. Petiolules ultimately jointed above; achenes lanceolate 15. C. uncinata var. ovatifolia 



15B. Petiolules not jointed; achenes lanceolate to broadly ovate. 



1 6A. Leaves trif oliolate or reduced to 1 or 2 leaflets, the petiolules of equal length. 



17A. Leaflets broadly ovate to broadly elliptic, obtuse, cuneate to rounded at base; anthers about 1/10 as long as the filaments. 



16. C. crassijolia 



