444 Ranunculaceae 



side, glabrous and dark reddish brown to dark reddish purple 1.5-3 cm. long, finely dissected into linear acute segments 1-2 



inside, narrowly oblong; achenes narrowly ovate, about 3 mm. mm. wide; scapes 10-30 cm. long; involucral leaves sessile, 



long, white-silky, the tail white, feathery, about 4 cm. long, 15-25 mm. long, deeply parted; peduncles elongate after 



the spreading hairs 3-4 mm. long; stigma punctate. Apr.- anthesis, to 5-10 cm. long; flowers broadly campanulate or 



May. Grassy slopes in foothills; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; broadly tubular, one-sided, about 2.5 cm. long; sepals 6, ob- 



rather common. ^Korea and China. long, white-silky outside, glabrous and pale yellow inside, 



2. Pulsatilla nipponica (Takeda) Ohwi. Anemone membranous; achenes hairy, narrowly ovate, about 4 mm. 



taraoi var. nipponica Takeda Tsukumogusa. Silky-vil- long, the tail elongate, slightly thickened below, firm, 3-3.5 



lous when young; rhizomes thickened, with a tuft of leaves cm. long, densely pilose with brownish-yellow hairs 0.5-1 



at top; radical leaves long-petiolate, deltoid-orbicular, 2-6 cm. mm. long. June-July. Alpine slopes; Hokkaido, Honshu 



long and as wide, ternately compound, the leaflets petiolulate, (centr. distr.); rare. 



3. ANEMONE L. Ichirin-so Zoku 



Perennial herbs usually with creeping rhizomes; radical leaves petioled, the cauline usually involucrelike, commonly ternate, 

 rarely opposite, all palmately to ternately divided or lobed; flowers 1 to many, usually on pedicels, usually large and showy; 

 sepals 5 to many, petaloid, deciduous, imbricate in bud, rarely absent; petals absent; stamens many; carpels many or rather 



few, free, each with a pendulous ovule; achenes sessile or stiped, the style short, pilose or glabrous. About 100 species, in 



temperate to cold regions of the world. 



lA. Flowers sessile, the involucral leaves simple, entire; radical leaves 3-lobed, the lobes entire \. A. hepatica 



IB. Flowers pedunculate, the involucral leaves variously lobed; radical leaves incised and toothed, usually compound. 

 2A. Achenes sessile; involucral leaves usually dissimilar in shape to the radical or cauline ones. 

 3A. Achenes ovate or oblong, scarcely flattened. 

 4A. Involucral leaves petiolate. 



5A. Flowers usually solitary; plants nonstoloniferous; rhizomes without persistent base of petioles; radical leaves absent or single 

 at base of the solitary scape. 

 6A. Primary leaflets petioluled; scapes 10-30 cm. long; flowers large; sepals 15-30 mm. long. 



7A. Plants slightly glaucous, the long silky hairs deciduous; petioles of involucral leaves scarcely dilated 2. A. raddeana 



7B. Plants green, not glaucous, the hairs on the peduncle persistent; petioles of involucral leaves dilated and winged on the 

 margin. 

 8A. Sepals 8—12, Hnear-oblong, 5-8 times as long as wide; anthers ellipsoidal, less than 1 mm. long. . . 3. A. pseudoaltaica 



8B. Sepals 5 (-6), elliptic, 1.5-3 times as long as wide; anthers oblong, 1-1.5 mm. long 4. A. m\oensis 



6B. Primary leaflets sessile; scapes 5-15 cm. long; flowers small; sepals 5-12 mm. long. 



9A. Sepals 5, 5-7 mm. long; leaflets of involucral leaves lanceolate or linear-lanceolate S. A. debilis 



9B. Sepals 5—7, 10-12 mm. long; leaflets of involucral leaves ovate-oblong to oblong 6. A. yezoensis 



5B. Flowers 1 to 3 on a scape; plants often stoloniferous; rhizomes with persistent fibers disintegrated from the decayed petioles; 



radical leaves few; scapes 1-3 7. A. stolonijera 



4B. Involucral leaves sessile. 



lOA. Leaflets deltoid-ovate; involucral leaves rather narrow, pinnately incised; flowers solitary, pale purple, the peduncles 3-5 cm. 



long; sepals 12-15, linear-lanceolate, 5-10 times as long as wide ^. A. l{eisJ{eana 



lOB. Leaflets rhombic-obovate, the lateral ones 2- to 3-parted; involucral leaves 3-parted; flowers 1—3, white, or slightly pinkish, 



the peduncles 5—10 cm. long; sepals 5, elliptic, 2-3 times as long as wide 9. A. flaccida 



3B. Achenes elliptic or ovate, prominently flattened, often with a thick wing on margin. 



11 A. Rhizomes slender, long-creeping, bearing scapiform stems at intervals with few pairs of opposite sessile leaves; stems dichoto- 

 mously branched above, naked below, with few pairs of scales at base; flowers solitary in the dichotomous axils. 



10. A. dichotoma 

 IIB. Rhizomes thick and rather short, densely covered with decayed petiole-bases; scapes simple, rarely once-branched, with 1 or 2 

 pairs of sessile involucral leaves, surrounded at base with a tuft of radical petioled leaves; flowers in umbels. 



12A. Peduncles unbranched W. A. narcissiflora 



12B. Peduncles or some of them branched 12. A. sil{p\iana 



2B. Achenes stipitate; involucral leaves few-paired, leaflike 13. A. hupehensis var. japonica 



1. Anemone hepatica L. var. japonica (Nakai) Ohwi. so. Leaves sometimes variegated, with obtuse lobes. Occurs 



Hepatica nobilis var. japonica Nakai Misumi-so. White- with var. japonica. The typical form occurs in Eurasia. 



silky while young; rhizomes elongate; radical leaves long- Var. pubescens Hiroe. Ke-suhama-s6. Leaves often 



petioled, depressed-deltoid, cordate, 2-3 cm. long, 3-5 cm. hairy on both sides, the lobes roundish. Honshu (west. 



wide, 3-lobed, the lobes broadly ovate-deltoid, acute, rather distr.), Shikoku. 



coriaceous; stems 10-15 cm. long, the involucral leaves 3, 2. Anemone raddeana Regel. Azuma-ichige. Rhi- 



narrowly ovate, subobtuse; sepals 6-9, white or slightly pink- zomes creeping, 1.5-3 cm. long, slenderly fusiform, with scat- 



ish, 8-10 mm. long, slightly longer than the involucres, nar- tered, small, scarious scales at apex; leaves long-petiolate, 1 or 



rowly oblong, subobtuse at apex; carpels hairy, the stigma 2 times ternate, the leaflets 3-parted; stems solitary, 15-20 cm. 



slightly thickened. Feb.-May. Honshu. Forma varie- long, erect, scattered long-pilose, the involucral leaves 3, short- 



gata (Makino) Hara. Hepatica triloba var. obtusa forma petiolate, once-ternate, the leaflets oblong, 15-35 mm. long, 



variegata Makino; A. hepatica var. japonica forma nipponica 5-15 mm. wide, obtuse, with irregularly toothed upper half; 



(Nakai) Ohwi; H. nobilis var. nipponica Nakai Suhama- peduncles 2-3 cm. long; flowers white with a purple hue; 



