446 Ranunculaceae 



13. Anemone hupehensis Lemoine var. japonica ovate, 5-12 cm. long, 3-7 cm. wide, often 3-fid, irregularly 



(Thunb.) Bowles & Stearn. Atragene japonica Thunb.; Ane- toothed, acute, rounded to cordate, the cauline of few pairs, 



mone japonica (Thunb.) Sieb. & Zucc, non Houtt.; A. viti- sessile or short-petioled, ternate or 3-fid, the upper ones 



folia var. japonica (Thunb.) Finet & Gagnep.; A. hybrida var. gradually reduced; flowers long-pedunculate, 5-7 cm. across; 



japonica (Thunb.) Ohwi; A. nipponica Merr.; A. sieboldii sepals about 30, slightly unequal, spreading, some of the 



Honda; Eriocapitella japonica (Thunb.) Nakai Shumei- outer ones green and small, the inner ones petaloid, oblanceo- 



GiKU, KiBUNEGiKU. Rather tall, appressed-pubescent peren- late, pale rose-purple, silky-pubescent outside; carpels very 



nial herb 50-80 cm. high, with erect dichotomously forked numerous, forming a rather large head. Sept.-Oct. Culti- 



stems; radical leaves petiolate, ternate, the leaflets petiolulate, vated and often naturalized in our area. China. 



4. RANUNCULUS L. Kimpoge Zoku 



Annual or perennial sometimes aquatic herbs; leaves entire, palmate or ternate, sometimes finely dissected, the cauline alter- 

 nate; flowers yellow, white or sometimes orange-red, solitary or in terminal panicles; sepals 3-5 or more, caducous or deciduous, 

 greenish; petals larger than the sepals, normally 5, sometimes few or many, flat, petaloid, with a nectariferous spot often covered by 

 a small scale near base inside; stamens usually many, sometimes rather few; ovules solitary, ascending; achenes many, glabrous or 

 puberulous, forming a globose to ellipsoidal head, on a short or slighdy elongate receptacle, smooth or striate, sometimes 



spiny, terminated by a short beaklike style. About 400 species, in the temperate and cold regions of both hemispheres and in 



high mountains of the Tropics. 



lA. Achenes not transversely nerved; terrestrial herbs with yellow flowers. 



2A. Achenes longitudinally striate; plants stoloniferous, growing near seashores; leaves elliptic to oblong, 3-5 toothed on upper margin; 



flowers small, yellow, the petals 2.5-3 mm. long 1. R- kfiwakamii 



2B. Achenes not striate. 



3A. Achenes not spiny, smooth, glabrous or puberulent. 



4A. Achenes plump or lenticular, without a flat face on each side, 1.2-2.5 mm. long; radical leaves simple to 3-foliolate. 



5A. Radical leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, simple, entire, 1-1.5 mm. wide; flowers small, 5-7 mm. across; plant long- 



stoloniferous 2. R. reptans 



5B. Radical leaves cordate-orbicular or depressed-orbicular, usually palmately lobed or toothed. 



6A. Sepals villous with dark brown woolly hairs; plant of alpine regions 3. iJ. shinanoalpinus 



6B. Sepals glabrous or with pale hairs. 



7A. Annual or biennial herbs; achenes in an oblong, cylindric head on an elongate receptacle 4. i?. sceleratus 



7B. Perennial herbs; achenes in a globose to ellipsoidal head, on a short receptacle. 



8A. Flowers small, 4-8 mm. across; low alpine plants with small, palmately 5- to 9-parted radical leaves. 



9A. Stems 3-7 cm. long; leaves 5- to 7-cleft 5. R. pygmaeus 



9B. Stems 8-20 cm. long; leaves 5- to 9-parted. 



lOA. Anthers narrowly oblong; plant deep green, slightly pubescent; petals narrowly oblong, scarcely longer than 



the sepals 6. -R. kitadakeanus 



lOB. Anthers ellipsoidal; plants vivid green, pubescent; petals broadly obovate, longer than the sepals. 



7. R. yatsugatak^ensis 

 8B. Flowers rather large, 12-25 mm. across. 



11 A. Radical leaves at least partially ternately divided; stems 5-25 cm. long; plant of grassy places along rivers, with 



partially fusiform roots 8. J?, ternatus 



IIB. Radical leaves palmately parted to cleft; plants of mountains and hills with slender or slightly thickened roots. 

 12A. Achenes lenticular, glabrous. 



13A. Stems 3-8 cm. long, solid 9. i?. yaktishimensis 



13B. Stems 15-80 cm. long, hollow. 



14A. Plants not stoloniferous; radical leaves usually rather many. 



15A. Hairs spreading 10. R. japonicus 



15B. Hairs appressed 1 1. i?. acris 



14B. Plants stoloniferous; radical leaves rather few 12. R. grandis 



12B. Achenes very plump, puberulent 13. R. jranchetii 



4B. Achenes rather flat, 3-4 mm. long, often with an indistinct ridge near margin on face; radical leaves ternate. 



16A. Plants stoloniferous; flowers 15-22 mm. across; petals obovate-orbicular; sepals not reflexed in anthesis 14. iJ. repens 



16B. Plants without stolons; flowers 6-12 mm. across; petals narrowly obovate; sepals reflexed in anthesis. 



17A. Receptacle elongate, 6-10 mm. long in fruit; heads ellipsoidal to oblong; leaf-segments narrow 15. i?. chinensis 



17B. Receptacle scarcely elongate, 1-5 mm. long; heads globose. 



18A. Stems decumbent; flowers solitary, cauline, the pedicels 1-5 cm. long 16. i?. sieboldii 



18B. Stems erect or decumbent only at base; flowers in a terminal corymbose panicle. 



19A. Style rather slender, distinctly recurved; achenes without or with an indistinct ridge along upper margin; leaf-seg- 

 ments broadly ovate. 

 20A. Achenes somewhat ridged near margin; style strongly recurved; stems erect or rarely decumbent. 



17. R. quelpaertensis 



20B. Achenes without a ridge near margin; style slightly recurved; stems prostrate 18. i?. hakXodensis 



19B. Style rather thick and short, scarcely recurved; achenes with an indistinct ridge all around the margin; leaf-segments 

 ovate to cuneate-lanceolate, coarsely hirsute. 



21A. Leaves once ternate, the ultimate leaf segments ovate or oblong 19. i?. cantoniensis 



2IB. Leaves twice ternate; ultimate leaf segments cuneate-oblanceolate 20. i?. tachiroei 



