Ranunculaceae 



447 



3B. Achenes spiny on both sides. 



22A. Leaves 3- to 5-fid, the segments obtuse 21. R. miiricatus 



22B. Leaves tcrnate, the segments subacute 22. R. arvensis 



IB. Achenes transversely nerved; aquatic herbs with white flowers; submerged leaves finely dissected; nectary of the petal naked. 

 23A. Receptacle hairy. 



2^A. Pedicels 3-10 cm. long; flowers about 15 mm. across 23. R. nipponiais 



24B. Pedicels 1-3 cm. long; flowers about 5 mm. across 24. R. k.azusensis 



23B. Receptacle glabrous; pedicels usually slightly elongate; plant rather small 25. R. yesoensis 



1. Ranunculus kawakamii Makino. Hakrpestes \awa- 

 k^amii (Makino) Tamura— — Hime-kimpoge, Tsuru-hiki-no- 

 K.\SA. Small glabrous leafy stoloniferous herb; leaves ovate- 

 oblong to ovate-orbicular, 8-20 mm. long, 7-12 mm. wide, 

 rounded at apex, rounded to subcuneate at base, 3 (-5) short- 

 toothed on upper margin; petioles of radical leaves 3-10 cm. 

 long, rather shorter in those of the stolons; stems erect, 5-12 

 cm. long, 1- to 3-flo\vered, slender, the bracts 1-2 mm. long, 

 usually lanceolate, entire, the pedicels erect, 2-5 cm. long; 

 flowers yellow, about 6 mm. across; sepals broadly ovate, 

 spreading, glabrous, concave, about 2.5 mm. long; petals nar- 

 rowly ovate or narrowly oblong, 1.5-2 times as long as the 

 sepals; anthers reniform-orbicular, very short; heads of carpels 

 globose, about 4 mm. across, the receptacles sparsely short- 

 hairy; achenes 1-1.2 mm. long, glabrous, longitudinally 



nerved; style short, slightly recurved. Aug. Wet sandy 



places near seashore; Honshu (Kanto Distr. and northvv.) ; 

 rare. 



2. Ranunculus reptans L. R. repens var. flagellifolius 



(Nakai) Ohwi; R. fiagellifoliiis Nakai Ito-kimpoge. 



Dehcate nearly glabrous perennial stoloniferous herb; radical 

 leaves linear to filiform, 3-10 cm. long, about 1 mm. wide, 

 sometimes slighdy broader above, often widi a callose point at 

 ape.x; leaves of stolons 1-5 cm. long; flowers solitary, 5-6 mm. 

 across, the pedicels 2-5 cm. long, radical or from the nodes 

 of stolons, slighdy pubescent above while young; sepals ovate 

 or broadly so, glabrous, spreading, concave; petals 5, some- 

 times 4 or 6, obovate, slightly longer than the sepals; anthers 



very short, ellipsoidal. Aug.-Sept. Wet places along 



streams and around ponds; Hokkaido, Honshu (Oze in 

 Shimotsuke Prov. and Nozori Lake in Kotsuke, Nikko and 



elsewhere) ; rare. s. Kuriles, Sakhalin and throughout the 



cooler regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



3. Ranunculus shinanoalpinus Ohwi. R. altaicus var. 



minor Nakai, pro parte Takane-kimpoge. Rhizomes 



short; stems 8-12 cm. long, erect, unbranched, 1- to 2-leaved, 

 usually 1-flowered; radical leaves obovate-orbicular to broadly 

 cuneate, sometimes depressed-orbicular, relatively thick, 5- to 

 7-toothed on upper margin, rounded at apex, rounded to 

 broadly cuneate, rarely truncate at base, nearly glabrous on 

 both sides, slightly long-pubescent on margin, the petioles 1-3 

 cm. long, the cauline leaves sessile, with 2-stipulelike mem- 

 branes at base, 3-parted, the segments lanceolate, entire, ob- 

 tuse; pedicels 2-5 cm. long, brown-pubescent; sepals 5, 5-7 

 mm. long, spreading, concave, oblong, brown woolly-villous; 

 petals 5, yellow, 6-8 mm. long, broadly obovate; anthers nar- 

 rowly oblong; heads of carpels globose, the receptacle gla- 

 brous; achenes ovate, glabrous. July-Aug. Alpine re- 

 gions; Honshu (Mount Shirouma in Shinano); rare. 



4. Ranunculus sceleratus L. Tagarashi. Nearly gla- 

 brous annual or biennial herb; stems 10-50 cm. long, often 

 branched, erect; leaves lustrous, the lower cauline petiolate, 

 reniform-orbicular, 1.2-4 cm. long, 1.5-5 cm. wide, 3-parted to 



cleft, cordate, the lateral segments 2-cleft, the median segments 

 cuneate, obtuse, both slighdy lobed and with coarse obtuse 

 teeth, the upper ones subsessile, dilated and with a membrane 

 on each side at base, 3-sected, the segments lanceolate, obtuse; 

 flowers rather numerous, 6-8 mm. across; sepals somewhat 

 reflexed, slighdy pubescent, elliptic; petals as long as the 

 sepals, obovate; anthers oblong; heads of carpels ellipsoidal to 

 oblong-cylindric, the receptacle 7-12 mm. long, glabrous or 

 with scattered short white hairs; achenes many, broadly obo- 

 vate, glabrous, 1-1.2 mm. long, with a very short style. 



Apr.-June. Wet places in lowlands, especially abundant in 

 paddy fields; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very 

 common. Eurasia, N. America, and n. Africa. 



5. Ranunculus pygmaeus Wahlenb. KuMOhL\-K!M- 

 p5ge. Small, glabrous or scattered pubescent perennial 

 herb with short rhizomes; stems 3-7 cm. long, 1- to 2- 

 flowered; radical leaves petiolate, reniform-orbicular, 5-7 mm. 

 long, 7-12 mm. wide, truncate to broadly cordate, 5- to 7-cleft, 

 the segments ovate, obtuse, the cauline leaves 1-2, subsessile, 

 3-parted, the segments narrowly ovate, obtuse; flowers about 

 5 mm. across, pedicellate, elongate after an thesis; sepals ellip- 

 tic, scattered-pubescent, concave; petals nearly as long as the 

 sepals, yellow, obovate; heads of carpels ellipsoid-globose, 

 about 3 mm. long, the receptacle glabrous; achenes broadly 

 obovate, glabrous, about 1 mm. long. July. Alpine re- 

 gions; Honshu (Mount Shirouma in Shinano); rare. 



Northern regions and high mountains of Eurasia and N. 

 America. 



6. Ranunculus Idtadakeanus Ohwi. Kitadake-kim- 

 POGE. Glabrescent to sparingly pubescent perennial; rhi- 

 zomes short, sparsely fibrous at neck; scapes 2- to 4-leaved, 1- 

 to 2-flowered; radical and lower cauline leaves petiolate, 12-20 

 mm. wide, 3- to 5-parted, the median segments obovate to 

 cuneate, often 3-fid, the middle and upper cauline leaves sub- 

 sessile or sessile, 3- to 5-sected into linear, subacute segments, 

 the pedicels much elongate after anthesis; flowers about 7 mm. 

 across, yellow; sepals spreading, slighdy pubescent, concave, 

 elliptic; petals 5, only slighdy longer than the sepals, narrowly 

 spathulate-oblong; heads of carpels globose, 5-6 mm. across, 

 the receptacle short-pilose, about 4 mm. long; achenes obovate, 

 glabrous, about 2 mm. long, the styles slender, short, suberect. 



July-Aug. Alpine regions; Honshu (Mount Kitadake in 



Kai Prov.) ; rare. 



7. Ranunculus yatsugatakensis Honda & Kumazawa. 

 YATsuG.vTAKE-KiNtPOGE. Loosely apprcssed-pubcscent peren- 

 nial with short rhizomes; stems 10-30 cm. long, erect, usually 

 simple, 2- to 3-leaved; radical leaves 1-3, petiolate, orbicular- 

 cordate, 8-15 mm. long and as wide, palmately 5- to 9-parted, 

 the segments subobtuse, incised, die median ones obovate, the 

 cauline leaves sessile or short-petiolate, 3-sected, the lateral 

 segments 3-parted, linear-lanceolate, subobtuse, 0.7-1.2 mm. 

 wide; flowers usually 1, long-pedicellate, 8-10 mm. across; 

 sepals broadly elliptic, white-pubescent, slightly concave; 



