Ranunculaceae 



449 



so, 10-15 mm. long, 8-10 mm. across, the receptacle elongate, 

 6-10 mm. long, short-pilose; achencs elliptic, 3-3.5 mm. long, 

 with an indistinct ridge along both margins, the style very 



short, scarcely recurved. May-June. Wet places; Honshu. 



— —Korea, China, and e. Siberia. 



16. Ranunculus sieboldii Miq. R. asiaticiis sensu 



Thunb., pro parte; R. ternatus sensu DC, non Thunb. 



Shima-kitsune-no-botan. Perennial witli coarse spreading 

 hairs; rhizomes short; stems ascending or procumbent, 30-50 

 cm. long, rather stout; radical and lower cauline leaves petio- 

 late, ternate, the leaflets ovate-orbicular to elliptic, petiolulate, 

 3-5 cm. long, 2- to 3-fid, toothed and incised, the segments 

 obovate; pedicels 1-flowered, 1-5 cm. long, ebracteate; flowers 

 yellow, 8-12 mm. across; sepals reflexed, ovate, slighdy con- 

 cave, thinly hirsute; petals 5, obovate, slightly larger than the 

 sepals; heads of carpels globose, 10-12 mm. across, the re- 

 ceptacle short, loosely pilose; achenes broadly obovate, about 

 4 mm. long, flat, with an indistinct ridge along die margin 



on both sides, the style prominent, slightly recurved. Mar.- 



June. Honshu (Chiigoku Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryu- 



kyus and Formosa. 



17. Ranunculus quelpaertensis (Lev.) Nakai var. 

 glaber (H. Boiss.) Hara. R. hakXodensis var. glaber (H. 

 Boiss.) Ohwi & Okuyama; R. ternatus var. glaber H. Boiss.; 



R. femyivar. glaber Nakai; R. glaber Makino Kitsune-no- 



BOTAN. Nearly glabrate or sparsely hairy perennial herb; 

 stems suberect to ascending, 15-80 cm. long, rather stout, 

 branched; radical and lower cauline leaves petiolate, ternate, 

 the leaflets pedolulate, broadly ovate to ovate-orbicular, 2-6 

 cm. long, 1.5-4 cm. wide, acute to subobtuse, 2- to 3-cleft, 

 incised and acutely toothed, the upper ones 3-parted, incised 

 and toodied, sessile; flowers 8-12 mm. across; sepals reflexed, 

 ovate, concave; petals 5, obovate-oblong, slightly longer than 

 the sepals; heads of carpels globose, 8-10 mm. across, the 

 receptacle short, short-pilose; achenes obovate, flat, glabrous, 

 about 3.5 mm. long, with an indistinct ridge along the upper 



margin, the style prominent, distinctly recurved. Apr.- 



July. Wet places in lowlands and mountains; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. s. Kuriles, Korea, 



China, and Ryukyus. 



Var. quelpaertensis. R. haWodensis var. quelpaertensis 

 (Lev.) Ohwi and Okuyama; R. repens var. quelpaertensis 

 Lev.; R. quelpaertensis (Lev.) Nakai; R. vernyi var. quel- 

 paertensis (Lev.) Nakai; R. ternatus vat. quelpaertensis (Lev.) 



Ohwi Yama-kitsune-no-botan. Plants short, densely 



hirsute, growing in mountains. 



Var. yaegatakensis (Masam.) Ohwi & Okuyama. R. yae- 

 gata\ensis Masam.; R. ternatus var. yaegatal^ensis (Masam.) 



Ohwi— — Hime-kitsune-no-botan. A dwarf variant. 



Kyushu (Yakushima). 



18. Ranunculus hakkodensis Nakai. Tsoru-kitsune- 

 No-BOTAN. Sparsely hairy perennial; stems prostrate, 40- 

 60 cm. long, glabrescent; radical leaves petiolate, 4-5.5 cm. 

 wide, 3-parted, the segments obovate, irregularly incised and 

 obtusely toothed, the petiolules 3-8 mm. long; petals 5, 

 elliptic, 3.5^ mm. long; achenes rather few, broadly obovate, 



about 3 mm. long. July-Aug. Wet places in mountains; 



Honshu (n. distr.). 



19. Ranunculus cantoniensis DC. Hecatonia pilosa 



Lour.; R. polycephalus Makino; R. silerijolius Lev. Ke- 



KiTsuNE-No-BOTAN. Perennial herb; stems 30-80 cm. long, 

 erect, branched, with coarse spreading long hairs at base, ap- 

 pressed-strigose above; radical and lower cauline leaves once 



ternate, petiolate, the leaflets ovate to broadly so, 2.5-5 cm. 

 long, 2-3.5 cm. wide, pedolulate, subacute to acute, 2- to 3-fid, 

 die lobes oblong, incised and acutely coarse-toothed; flowers 

 about 10 mm. across; sepals reflexed, ovate, slightly concave, 

 sparingly pilose outside; petals elliptic or oblong, slightly 

 longer than the sepals; heads of carpels globose, 8-10 mm. 

 across, the receptacle ellipsoidal, short white-hairy; achenes 

 obovate-orbicular, about 3 mm. long, glabrous, with an in- 

 distinct ridge along both margins, die style rather short, 



scarcely recurved. May-July. Wet places in lowlands; 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Korea, Formosa, and s. China. 



20. Ranunculus tachiroei Fr. & Sav. Otokozeri. Per- 

 ennial herb; stems erect, rather stout, branched above, 50-100 

 cm. long, with spreading coarse long hairs toward the base, 

 appressed-hairy above; radical and lower cauline leaves rather 

 long-petiolate, twice ternate, the leaflets petiolulate or subses- 

 sile, 2- to 3-parted, the segments cuneate to oblanceolate or 

 broadly linear, 3-6 cm. long, 7-12 mm. wide, acute, entire and 

 subcuneate at base, coarsely acute-toothed or incised above; 

 flowers rather numerous, long-pedicellate, 10-12 mm. across; 

 sepals reflexed, ovate, slighdy pubescent outside; petals oblong, 

 yellow, slightly longer than the sepals; heads of carpels globose, 

 about 8 mm. across, the receptacle short, ellipsoidal, white- 

 pilose; achenes about 3 mm. long, obovate-orbicular, glabrous, 

 with an indistinct ridge along both margins; style rather 

 prominent, scarcely recurved. July-Aug. Wet places; Hon- 

 shu. 



21. Ranunculus muricatus L. Tocemi-no-kitsune-no- 

 BOTAN. Biennial, nearly glabrous; stems branched from the 

 base, ascending, 15-40 cm. long; radical and lower cauline 

 leaves long-petiolate, orbicular-cordate, 4-10 cm. long, 3(-5)- 

 fid, coarsely toothed and often incised, the median lobes 

 broadly cuneate; flowers 8-12 mm. across; sepals slighdy re- 

 flexed, shorter than the petals; petals 5-8 mm. long, narrowly 

 obovate; heads of carpels globose, 12-15 mm. across; achenes 

 elliptic, obscurely ridged near the margin and spiny, about 5 

 mm. long, the style slightly recurved. Mar.-Apr. Natu- 

 ralized in our area. Introduced from Europe. 



22. Ranunculus arvensis L. Ito-kitsune-no-botan. 

 Biennial, sparingly pubescent herb; stems erect, 20-40 cm. 

 long; lower leaves petiolate, the upper ones sessile or short- 

 petiolate, both 3-foliolate and again trisected, the segments 2- 

 to 3-parted, 1.5-3 cm. long, the ultimate segments linear, 1-3 

 mm. wide, subacute; flowers 10-12 mm. across, relatively long- 

 pedicellate; sepals narrowly ovate, shorter than the petals; 

 heads of carpels globose, 10-12 mm. wide, achenes broadly 

 obovate, obsoletely ridged along the margin, mammillate- 

 spinose on both sides, about 5 mm. long; style prominent, 



scarcely recurved. Apr. Rarely naturalized in our area. 



Introduced from Europe. 



23. Ranunculus nipponicus (Makino) Nakai. R. aqua- 



tilis var. nipponicus Makino, nom. seminud. Ichoba-baika- 



Mo. Aquatic herb; stems elongate; submerged leaves several 

 times dissected into filiform segments, short-petiolate, 3-4 cm. 

 long, the sheath usually dilated above, thinly membranous, 

 appressed-puberulent; floating leaves (when present) palmately 

 cleft or lobed; flowers about 15 mm. across, white with a 

 yellow center; heads of carpels globose, the receptacle hairy; 



achenes glabrous or with sparse stiff hairs. July-Aug. 



Mountains; Honshu (centr. distr.). 



Var. major Hara. R. aquatilis var. flaccidus forma drouetii 

 sensu auct., Japon., non Hiern; R. pantothrix var. submersus 

 Nakai, excl. syn. Baika-mo, Umebachi-mo. Floating 



