450 



Ranunculaceae 



leaves absent; flowers 15-20 mm. across, the peduncles 3-10 

 cm. long; common. Ponds and streams; Hokkaido, Hon- 

 shu. 



Var. japonicus (Nakai) Hara. R. aquatilis var. japonictis 



Nakai ^Mishima-baika-mo. Resembles the typical phase 



but with palmately parted floating leaves. Ponds and 



streams; Honshu (Mishima in Izu Prov.). ^Korea. 



24. Ranunculus kazusensis Makino. Hime-baika-mo. 

 Slender, glabrous, aquatic, perennial herb; stems slender, gla- 

 brous, elongate, loosely leafy; leaves short-petiolate, the up- 

 per ones sessile, 3-4.5 cm. long, finely dissected, the stipules 

 thinly membranous, appressed-puberulent on the outside; 

 pedicels slender, glabrous, 1-3 cm. long; flowers white with a 

 yellow center, about 6 mm. across; sepals elliptic, glabrous; 



petals obovate, 1.2-4 mm. long, 1.5-2 times as long as the 

 sepals; receptacle short-pilose; heads of carpels globose, 3-3.5 

 mm. across; achenes about 1.2 mm. long, glabrous or with 



few appressed hairs on the back. June-Aug. Honshu 



(Kazusa Prov.), Kyushu (Higo Prov.). ^Korea. 



25. Ranunculus yesoensis Nakai. Chitose-baika-mo. 

 Leaves petiolate or sessile in the upper ones, several times dis- 

 sected into filiform segments, glabrous, the stipules oblong, 

 thinly membranous, 5-6 mm. long, glabrous; pedicels 3-6.5 

 cm. long, slender; flowers 6-7 mm. across, white with a yellow 

 center; sepals 5, greenish, about 3 mm. long, oblong; petals 

 obovate, about 4 mm. long, spreading; stamens about 15; 

 achenes obovate, about 1 mm. long, glabrous, the receptacles 

 glabrous. Hokkaido. 



5. CALLIANTHEMUM C. A. Mey. Umezaki-saba-no-o Zoku 



Low, glaucescent, glabrous perennial herbs with short, stout rhizomes; radical leaves long-petiolate, ternately or pinnately 

 compound, the cauline leaves few, reduced in size; stems usually simple; flowers 1 to 3, white or creamy white with a dark 

 orange-red center; sepals 5, deciduous, greenish, smaller than the petals; petals 5-15, with a depressed nectary near base inside; 



carpels many, sessile, free, each with a pendulous ovule; achenes ovate, capitate; style short, persistent. Few species, in the 



alpine regions and far northern areas of the Old World. 



lA. Terminal primary petiolules 1-2 times as long as the lateral ones; cauline leaves dilated at base; flowers opening before the leaves; 



petals 8-10, linear- to narrowly oblong; sepals ovate to broadly elliptic 1. C. miyabeanum 



IB. Terminal primary petiolules 1.5-4 times as long as the lateral ones; cauline leaves not dilated at base; flowers opening after the leaves; 



petals 6 or 7, oblong, elliptic, or obovate 2. C. insigne var. hondoense 



1. Callianthemum miyabeanum Tatew. Hidaka-s6. 

 Glaucous perennial herb, 10-25 cm. high; radical leaves petio- 

 late, ternate, the leaflets ovate-deltoid, 2-4 cm. long, 3-sected 

 or 3-foliolate, deeply parted; stems few-leaved; flowers 1 or 2, 

 long-pedunculate, creamy white, about 2 cm. across; sepals 

 ovate to broadly elliptic, 4-5 mm. long; petals linear- to nar- 

 rowly oblong, obmse or subrounded, retuse, creamy white, 



dark orange-red near base; styles prominently recurved. 



May-June. Alpine regions; Hokkaido (Mount Apoi in Hi- 

 daka Prov.) ; rare. 



2. Callianthemum insigne (Nakai) Nakai var. hondo- 

 ense (Nakai & Hara) Ohwi. C. hondoense Nakai & Hara 



KiTADAKE-so. Closely resembling the preceding species; 



petiolules of the primary terminal division of the radical leaves 

 much longer than the lateral ones; stems usually 1-flowered; 

 flowers 2-2.5 cm. across; sepals obovate to oblong, 7-8 mm. 



long; petals obovate to elliptic, often retuse. June. Alpine 



regions; Honshu (Mount Kitadake in Kai) ; rare. 



6. ADONIS L. FuKuju-s6 Zoku 



Perennial or sometimes annual herbs with branched stems; leaves alternate, pinnately dissected, the lower often reduced to a 

 sheath or scale; flowers terminal, rather large, yellow, sometimes red; sepals several, green, deciduous; petals 5-40, petaloid, 

 deciduous, without a nectariferous gland; stamens many; carpels many, free, each with a pendulous ovule; fruiting heads globose 

 to cylindric; achenes with a short style. ^Few species, in the N. Hemisphere. 



1. Adonis amurensis Regel & Radde. Fukuju-s6. Rhi- 

 zomes short and thick, with numerous stout fibrous roots; 

 stems 10-30 cm. long, often branched, usually papillose-puber- 

 ulent above, sometimes pubescent; lower leaves membranous, 

 sheathlike, the normal cauline leaves alternate, deltoid-ovate, 

 3-10 cm. long, petiolate, pinnately dissected, the ultimate seg- 

 ments lanceolate, glabrous or pubescent underneath; stipules 



small, lobed, green; flowers yellow, 3-4 cm. across; sepals sev- 

 eral, ovate; petals longer than the sepals, 20-30, spreading, 

 broadly oblanceolate; anthers 1-2 mm. long; achenes puberu- 

 lent, 3-3.5 mm. long, on receptacles about 1 cm. long, the 



heads ovoid-globose; style short and recurved. Mar .-May. 



Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu. Korea, Manchuria, and e. 



Siberia. 



7. THALICTRUM L. Karamatsu-so Zoku 



Perennial herbs; leaves ternately compound, radical and cauline, usually alternate, often stipulate and stipellate; inflorescence 

 paniculate, corymbose or racemose; flowers small, bisexual or unisexual (plants dioecious), rarely polygamous, greenish, white, 

 sometimes rose-colored; sepals 3-5, greenish and inconspicuous or sometimes white or rose-colored and more or less petaloid, 

 caducous or deciduous; petals absent; stamens many, prominent, the filaments capillary or clavate, the anthers small; carpels 

 few to many, the ovules solitary, pendulous, die receptacle minute; achenes often stipitate, commonly laterally flattened, 

 sometimes narrowly winged, usually nerved; style beaklike, elongate, sometimes circinnate, or short, with a deltoid to linear 

 stigma on inner side. About 100 species, in the cooler regions of the N. Herrusphere, few in S. America and S. Africa. 



