454 



Ranunculaceae 



cm. long, 6-15 cm. wide, 7- to 9-parted to -cleft, the segments 

 rhombic-ovate, acute to acuminate, often 1- to 2-lobuled, 

 coarsely acute-toothed and incised, the upper leaves smaller, 

 sessile; inflorescence flat-topped, densely many-flowered, often 

 lobed; anthers elliptic, 0.5-0.7 mm. long; achenes rather many, 

 forming a globose head on a short small receptacle, broadly 

 ovate, sometimes with few appressed hairs, 2.5-3.5 mm. long; 

 style slender, short, slightly hooked at apex. July-Aug. 



Wet places in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and centr. 



distr.) . s. Kuriles. 



Var. borealis Hara. T. pdmata Fisch. &. Mey.; Ranun- 

 culus pleurocarpus Maxim. Oku-momiji-karamatsu. 



Leaves pubescent beneath; style shorter. Hokkaido (Ki- 



tami Prov.). s. Kuriles, Sakhalin, Amur, and Ochotsk Sea 



region. 



9. AQUILEGIA L. Odamaki Zoku 



Perennial herbs; stems erect, sometimes branched; leaves radical and cauline, alternate, petiolate, 2- to 3-ternate; flowers ac- 

 tinomorphic, usually rather large; sepals 5, petallike, colored, flat; petals slighdy smaller than the sepals, spurred at base; stamens 

 many, the inner ones reduced to membranous staminodes; carpels 5, sessile, free; ovules many; fruit of 5 dehiscent follicles; 

 seeds black, usually smooth and shining, sometimes rugulose. About 50 species, in the temperate regions of the N. Hemi- 

 sphere. 



lA. Stamens many; flowers large; spur much exserted in normal forms. 



2A. Carpels glabrous; spur incurved above; flowers blue, white or bluish purple 1. A. flabellata 



2B. Carpels pubescent; spur erect, sometimes incurved above; flowers usually yellowish brown to purplish brown 2. A. buergeriana 



IB. Stamens 9-14; flowers small; spur very short, scarcely exserted 3. A. adoxoides 



1. Aquilegia flabellata Sieb. & Zucc. A. akitensis Huth; 

 A. sibinca var. flabellata (Sieb. & Zucc.) Finet & Gagnep. 



Odamaki. Glaucescent perennial herb with short, stout, 



branched rhizomes; stems erect, 20-50 cm. long, few-leaved, 

 often slightly puberulent above; radical leaves few, petiolate, 

 ternate, the petioles sometimes slightly pubescent, the leaflets 

 3-parted, the segments flabellate, 1.5-4 cm. long and as wide, 

 3-lobulate, obtusely incised on upper margin, glaucous beneath; 

 flowers few, large, 3-4 cm. across; sepals about 2.5 cm. long, 

 usually bluish purple, rarely white, ovate to elliptic, obtuse to 

 rounded; petals about 1.5 cm. long, erect, pale yellow, some- 

 times white, the spur nearly as long as the body of the petal, 

 incurved above, rarely absent in some cultivated forms; carpels 

 glabrous; style rather long. Apr.-May. Frequendy culti- 

 vated as a pot plant, believed to have originated from the wild 

 phase var. pumila; the plant was first described on the basis of 

 the cultivated phase. 



Var. pumila Kudo. A. buergeriana var. pumila Huth; 

 A. a\itends sensu auct. Japon., non Huth; A. jauriei Lev. 

 & Van't, non Lev.; A. japonica Nakai & Hara; A. flabel- 

 lata var. prototypica Takeda ^Miyama-odamaki. Plants 



smaller than in the cultivated phase; stems to 30 cm. high, 1- 



to 2 (-3) -flowered, the leaves less prominently glaucous. 



Alpine regions in Honshu (centr. and n. distr.), Hokkaido. 

 s. Kuriles, Sakhalin, and n. Korea. 



2. Aquilegia buergeriana Sieb. & Zucc. Yama-oda- 

 MAKi. Stems 30-60 cm. long, branched, scattered soft- 

 pubescent; leaves twice ternate, long-petiolate, the leaflets 

 rather thin, broadly rhombic to broadly obovate-cuneate, 1.5-4 



cm. long, 2- to 3-cleft, obtusely incised, sparingly soft-pubescent 

 beneath, glaucescent especially below; flowers few, 3-3.5 cm. 

 across, the pedicels spreading-puberulent often with glandular 

 hairs; sepals narrowly ovate, acute, 2-2.5 cm. long, brownish 

 purple to yellowish, ascending to obliquely spreading; petals 

 12-15 mm. long, yellowish, the spur erect, slender, 17-20 mm. 

 long, often very slightly inflated at the end; carpels soft-pubes- 

 cent; seeds black, punctulate. June-Aug. Honshu, Shi- 



koku, Kyushu. 



Var. oxysepala (Trautv. & Mey.) Kitam. A. oxysepda 

 Trautv. & Mey.; A. vulgaris var. oxysepala (Trautv. & Mey.) 

 Kegel Ezo-YAMA-ODAMAKi. Spurs incurved. Hok- 

 kaido and Honshu (n. and Hokuriku Distr.). Korea, Man- 

 churia, e. Siberia, and n. China. 



3. Aquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Ohwi. Isopyrum adoxo- 

 ides DC; /. japonicum Sieb. & Zucc; /. tuberosum Lev.; Sem.i- 



aquilegia adoxoides (DC.) Makino Hime-uzu. Slender 



perennial herb, the rhizomes globose, tuberous; scapes sparingly 

 branched, scattered-puberulent, few-leaved; radical leaves few, 

 2-5 cm. long and as wide, long-petiolate, sparingly puberulent, 

 slightly glaucescent and somewhat purplish beneath, ternate, 

 the leaflets 1-2.5 cm. long, 2- to 3-cleft or parted, obtusely in- 

 cised, the cauline ones smaller; flowers nodding, pale rose; se- 

 pals narrowly oblong, 5-6 mm. long; petals 2.5-3 mm. long, 

 tubular below and with a very short spur at base; stamens 

 9-14, some of the inner ones reduced to flat staminodes; car- 

 pels 3-4(-5), sessile, 5-6 mm. long in fruit; seeds slightly 



roughened. Mar .-May. Mountains; Honshu (Kan to and 



westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; common. s. Korea and China. 



10. ACONITUM L. Tori-kabuto Zoku 



Erect or sometimes scandent perennial herbs with thickened roots; leaves petiolate, alternate, palmately 3- to 7-cleft or divided; 

 flowers racemose or paniculate, zygomorphic, blue, pale purple, white or yellow; sepals 5, petallike, the upper or median one 

 clearly hooded or galea te, die others flat, the lower 2 narrower than the others; petals 2, small, hidden under the helmet, nectari- 

 ferous, stipitate; stamens many; folUcles 3-5, the seeds many, often winged or rugose. About 200 species, in temperate and 



northern regions of the N. Hemisphere. Common in our area. 



lA. Upper sepals with elongate-conic suberect to recurved tip; roots perennial, often branched; flowers pale purple or pale yellow. 

 2A. Flowers pale yellow; upper sepals slightly narrowed toward the tip and rounded, suberect; leaves deeply parted to divided, the seg- 

 ments and teeth acute \. A. gigas 



