458 



Ranunculaceae 



phylla (Koidz.) Hara, and var. intermedia Hara; C. macro- 



phylla Koidz. Oba-shoma. Rhizomatous perennial herb; 



radical leaves 1- to 2-ternate, die leaflets deep green above, 

 orbicular-cordate, 7-20 cm. long, 6-18 cm. wide, acuminate to 

 long-acuminate, glabrous above except short-pilose near mar- 

 gin, short-hairy on nerves beneath, palmately cleft to lobulate, 

 irregularly acute-toothed; scapes 80-120 cm. long, usually leaf- 

 less; inflorescence often branched below, 15-30 cm. long. 



puberulent, many-flowered; flowers white; sepals 4-5 mm. 

 long; stamens about 8 mm. long, the filaments filiform, the 



anthers oblong; carpels solitary, glabrous. Sept.-Oct. 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Var. peltata (Makino) Hara. C. japonica forma peltata 

 Makino; C. peltata (Makino) Koidz. Kiken-shoma. Leaf- 

 lets peltate. Honshu (centr. distr.) . 



15. ISOPYRUM L. Shiro-kane-s6 Zoku 



Slender rather soft perennial herbs; leaves ternately compound, the cauline alternate; inflorescence cymose-paniculate or the 

 flowers solitary, yellowish or white; sepals 5-6, petaloid, deciduous; petals 5, small, nectariferous or absent; stamens many, 



sometimes 5 or 10; carpels 2-10, free, several-ovuled; follicles 2-10; seeds smooth or granular-roughened. About 20 species, 



in the temperate regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



lA. Petals absent; carpels more than 2, ascending in fruit, the receptacle not thickened; leaves 1- to 2-ternate, the leaflets all alike. 



1 . /. raddeanum 

 IB. Petals present, small; carpels 2, horizontally spreading in fruit, the receptacle thickened and recurved on margin; leaves ternate, the 

 terminal leaflets simple, the lateral ones 2-nate, 3-nate or pedately compound. 



2A. Stems and lower leaf surface soft-pubescent 2. /. dicarpon 



2B. Stems and leaves glabrous. 



3A. Seeds granular-roughened; rhizomes and stolons absent 3. /. trachyspermum 



3B. Seeds smooth; rhizomes or stolons present. 



4A. Flowers 1.2-1.5 cm. across; rhizomes long-creeping; leaflets rhombic-ovate to broadly so 4. Z. stolonijerum 



4B. Flowers 7-8 mm. across; rhizomes short-creeping. 



5 A. Lower 2 cauline leaves not closely contiguous; leaflets broadly ovate 5. 7. numajirianum 



5B. Lower 2 cauline leaves closely contiguous. 



6A. Rhizomes densely scaly, the plants rarely stoloniferous; Japan Sea side 6. 7. nipponicum 



6B. Rhizomes loosely scaly, the plants sometimes stoloniferous; Hakone and Izu in Honshu 7. 7. ha\onense 



1. Isopyrum raddeanum (Regel) Maxim. Enemion subrounded; flowers 5-8 mm. across, pale yellowish-green; 

 raddeanum Regel; E. raddeanum var. japonicum Fr. & Sav. sepals obliquely ascending; limb of petals divided into an inner 



Chichibo-shiro-kane-so. Perennial herb with short rhi- and outer lobe; carpels 2; seeds granular-roughened. Mar.- 



zomes; stems 20-30 cm. long, with few scaly leaves at base; May. Woods in foothills and mountains; Honshu (Rikuzen 

 cauline leaves 2-3, alternate, on upper part of the stem, short- Prov. and southw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; ratlier common, 

 petiolate or sessile, 1- to 2-ternate, the leaflets broadly cuneate- 4. Isopyrum stoloniferum Maxim. Tsuru-shiro-kane- 

 ovate, 2-4 cm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, often 2- to 3-lobed and so, Shiro-kane-so. Resembles 7. dicarpon, but quite gla- 

 irregularly toothed, glaucous and soft short-pubescent beneath brous, 10-20 cm. high; rhizomes slender, elongate; petioles 

 or glabrous on both sides; flowers few, terminal, umbellate, slightly dilated at base, the terminal leaflets rhombic-ovate or 

 about 12 mm. across, white, the pedicels to 3 cm. long, erect; broadly so, 1-2 cm. long, subacute with an obtuse dp; flowers 

 petals absent; filaments slightly broadened above; carpels 3-5, creamy yellow, 12-15 mm. across, expanded; sepals spreading; 

 glabrous, 4-5 mm. long in fruit, slightly ascending, broadly limb of petals bilabiate; carpels 2; seeds smooth. May- 

 ovate; seeds granular-roughened. ^May. Woods in moun- June. Woods in mountains; Honshu (Tokaido to s. Kinki 



tains; Honshu (n. and centr. distr.); rare. ^Korea, Man- Distr.). 



churia, and Ussuri. 5. Isopyrum numajirianum Makino. Koya-shiro-kane- 



2. Isopyrum dicarpon Miq. /. stipulaceum Fr. & Sav. so. Resembles species Nos. 4 and 6; rhizomes short; stems 



Saba-no-o. Scattered soft-pubescent perennial; rhi- about 20 cm. long, without radical leaves; lower 2 cauline 



zomes much abbreviated; radical leaves ternate, petiolate, the leaves distant, the terminal leaflets broadly ovate, retuse, 10- 



petioles prominently dilated at base, the terminal leaflets sim- 25 mm. long, 7-20 mm. wide; flowers yellowish white, broadly 



pie, ovate, 1-3 cm. long, 7-20 mm. wide, subacute with an campanulate; seeds smooth. May. Woods in mountains; 



obtuse tip, often lobed, toothed, the lateral leaflets again dis- Honshu (s. Kinki Distr.), Shikoku; rare. 



sected with 2-5 smaller leaflets, the lower cauline leaves sub- 6. Isopyrum nipponicum Franch. 7. ma\inoi Nakai; 



opposite; flowers to 10, white with purple striations, about 8 7. pterigionocaudatum Koidz. Azuma-shiro-kane-so. Rhi- 



mm. across, the petals stipitate, nectariferous, the limb 2-lobed, zomes short, branched, creeping, with broad fleshy scales; 



the outer lobe larger, inflexed; carpels 2; seeds smooth. stems without radical leaves, 10-25 cm. long, the cauline leaves 



Mar.-Apr. Shikoku, Kyushu. few, the terminal leaflets usually cuneate-obovate or cuneate- 



Var. univalve Ohwi. Saikoku-saba-no-o. Petals with- oblong, obtuse to subrounded, 2-4 cm. long, 10-25 mm. wide, 



out the inner lobe. Mar.-Apr. Honshu (Kinki Distr.). glaucescent beneath; flowers 7-10 mm. across, few to more 



3. Isopyrum trachyspermum Maxim. Togoku-saba- than 10, pale greenish yellow, sometimes with a purple hue, 

 No-o. Resembling the preceding but quite glabrous; stems not fully expanded; limb of petals simple, inflexed; seeds 



rather tufted, 5-20 cm. long; terminal leaflets broadly ovate to smooth. May-July. Wet places in mountains; Honshu 



broadly obovate, 5-15 mm. long, 4-15 mm. wide, obtuse to (Japan Sea side, Uzen Prov. to Echizen and Tajima Prov.). 



