466 



Menispermaceae 



1. Sinomenium acutum (Thunb.) Rehd. & Wils. Meni- 

 spermum acutum Thunb.; Cocculus diversijoUus Miq., non 

 DC.; Cebatha miqueliana O. Kuntze; 5. diversifoUum (Miq.) 



Diels; Cocculus heterophyllus Hemsl. & Wils. Tsuzura- 



Fuji, O-TsuzuRA-FUji. Scandent shrub, the branches nearly 

 glabrous; leaves orbicular to ovate-orbicular, 6-10 cm. long, 

 3-12 cm. wide, 5- to 7-angled, lobed or cleft, subcordate to 

 truncate at base, with 2 or 3 pairs of nerves, glaucescent and 



pubescent beneath while young, glabrous and green above; 

 petioles 5-10 cm. long; inflorescence 10-20 cm. long, many- 

 flowered, more or less short-pilose, the branches nearly 

 racemose; flowers pale green, the perianth short-pubescent; 

 drupe oblique, black, 6-7 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, flattened, 



orbicular. July. Honshu (s. Kanto Distr. and westw.), 



Shikoku, Kyushu. China. 



3. COCCULUS DC. Ao-tsuzura-fuji Zoku 



Scandent or erect shrubs; leaves simple, or sometimes lobed; cymes or panicles axillary; sepals 6, often pilose, the outer 3 

 smaller; petals 6, often bifid, auriculate and inflexed at base; stamens 6-9, free; carpels 3 or 6; style cylindric, the stigma lateral; 

 drupes obovoid or subglobose, die stones muricate on back, compressed laterally with shallowly concave sides; cotyledons linear, 

 flat. More than 10 species, in e. and s. Asia, Africa, and N. America. 



lA. Erect glabrous evergreen shrub; leaves oblong-obovate, deep green and lustrous above \. C. laurifolius 



IB. More or less pubescent deciduous scandent shrub; leaves broadly ovate to ovate-cordate, sometimes shallowly 3-lobed. . . 2. C. trilobus 



1. Cocculus laurifolius DC. Koshu-uyaku, Isoyama- 

 AOKi. Glabrous evergreen erect shrub, the branches slightly 

 flattened, green, multistriate; leaves coriaceous-chartaceous, 

 deep green, lustrous, oblong-obovate or obovate, sometimes 

 elliptic, 5-12 cm. long, 2-4.5 cm. wide, acuminate, entire, 

 3-ribbed and with transverse parallel veinlets; petioles 5-10 

 mm. long, 1-ribbed beneath and obtriangular in cross section; 

 inflorescence axillary and terminal, the flowers small, yellow; 

 drupes depressed-globose, black, about 6 mm. across, slightly 

 compressed. July. Kyushu (s. distr.). Ryukyus, For- 

 mosa, China, and se. Asia. 



2. Cocculus trilobus (Thunb.) DC. Menispermum 

 trilobum Thunb.; C. thunbergii DC; Cebatha orbiculata O. 



Kuntze Ao-tsuzura-fuji. Deciduous scandent pubescent 



shrub; branches elongate, terete, obsoletely striate; leaves 

 firmly membranous to chartaceous, broadly ovate to ovate- 

 cordate, 2-12 cm. long, 2-10 cm. wide, obtuse, mucronulate, 

 sometimes shallowly 3-lobed, with 1 or 2 pairs of lateral nerves, 

 the petioles 1-3 cm. long; inflorescence axillary and terminal, 

 narrowly paniculate; flowers small, glabrous, yellow-white; 

 drupe black, bloomy, 6-7 mm. across, the stones U-shaped, 



with small tubercles on back, finely rugulose. July-Aug. 



Thickets in lowlands and foothills; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shi- 

 koku, Kyushu; common. China, Formosa, Malaysia, Philip- 

 pines, Indochina to the Himalayas. 



4. STEPHANIA Lour. Hasu-no-ha-kazura Zoku 



Plants scandent, herbaceous or woody, dioecious; leaves simple, deciduous or evergreen, often peltate; inflorescence a simple 

 or compound umbel, or sometimes paniculate; staminate sepals 6-10, usually equal, 2-seriate; petals 3-4, shorter than the 

 sepals, suborbicular or obovate, thickened, rarely absent; stamens connate into a column, peltate, the anthers marginal at the top 

 of the column, confluent and forming a marginal ring; pistillate sepals 3-5; petals 2-4, similar to die staminate ones; carpels 

 solitary, with a parted style; drupe compressed, oblique, the stones compressed laterally, tuberculate on back, excavated on 

 both sides; embryo Unear. About 35 species, in the Tropics. 



1. Stephania japonica (Thunb.) Miers. Menispermum 



japonicum Thunb.; Cocculus japonicus (Thunb.) DC. 



Hasu-no-ha-kazura. Glabrous scandent herb with elongate- 

 striate branches; leaves peltate, thinly chartaceous or mem- 

 branous, often glaucous beneath, broadly ovate to ovate-orbicu- 

 lar, 6-12 cm. long, 5-10 cm. wide, obtuse, rounded to slightly 



cordate; inflorescence an axillary, pedunculate, compound 

 umbel or cyme; flowers pale green; style several-parted; drupe 

 globose, red, about 6 mm. across; seeds U-shaped, coarsely 



rugose on back. July-Sept. Warmer parts; Honshu (T6- 



kaido to Chiigoku Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. India, 



Malaysia, and China. 



5. CISSAMPELOS L. Miyakojima-tsuzura-fuji Zoku 



Woody climbers; leaves often peltate, glabrous or pubescent; staminate inflorescence corymbiform, paniculate or cymose, 

 axillary, the pistillate cymose, racemose, or rarely in axillary fascicles or similar to the staminate; staminate sepals 4-5, the 

 petals 2-5, free or connate; stamens united into a column, the anthers 2-A, marginal; carpels solitary; style 3-fid or dentate, the 

 lobes entire or bilobed; drupe subglobose, oblique, the stones compressed laterally, tuberculate on back, excavated on each side; 

 seeds U-shaped. About 20 species, in the Tropics. 



1. Cissampelos insularis Makino. Paracyclea insularis 



(Makino) Kudo & Yamamoto Miyakojima-tsuzura-fuji. 



Scandent shrubs with striate branches, pubescent while young; 

 leaves ovate-cordate or broadly ovate, 3-10 cm. long and as 

 wide, subobtuse, pubescent on both sides especially beneath, 

 green above, paler beneath; inflorescence paniculate or 



racemose, sessile in the pistillate, the staminate short-peduncu- 

 late, 3-8 cm. long; staminate petals 4-5, free; fruit subglobose, 



about 5 mm. long, thinly long-pilose. Aug.-Oct. Warmer 



parts; Honshu (s. Kinki and w. Chiigoku Distr.), Shikoku, 

 Kyushu; rare. Ryukyus. 



