468 



Magnoliaceae 



2. Magnolia obovata Thunb. M. hypoleuca Sieb. & 

 Zucc; M. glauca sensu Thunb., non L. Ho-no-ki. De- 

 ciduous tree; branches stout, glabrous, purplish; winter buds 

 glabrous; leaves obovate to narrowly cuneate-obovate, 20-40 

 cm. long, 13-25 cm. wide, usually rounded and broadly mucro- 

 nate, obtuse to narrowly rounded at base, glabrous above, 

 glaucous and pubescent beneath, the petioles glabrous or 

 slightly pubescent on upper side, 2-3 cm. long; flowers cup- 

 shaped, white, about 15 cm. across, erect, fragrant; sepals 3, 

 similar to the petals but smaller; petals 6-9, obovate, slightly 



fleshy; anthers 16-18 mm. long; fruit narrowly oblong. 



May-June. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyu- 

 shu. China. 



3. Magnolia X watsonii Hook. f. Ukezaki-oyama- 

 RENGE. Small tree with glabrous rather stout branches; 

 leaves obovate or oblong-obovate, 10-18 cm. long, 6-13 cm. 

 wide, obtuse, nearly glabrous above, glaucous and pubescent 

 beneath, the petioles 1.5-2 cm. long; flowers erect, cup-shaped, 



12-15 cm. across, the peduncles 2-3 cm. long. Reported to 



be a hybrid of No. 2 and No. 4. 



4. Magnolia sieboldii C. Koch. M. parviflora Sieb. & 



Zucc, non BL; M. oyama Kort; M. verecunda Koidz. 



Oyama-renge. Large shrub with glabrous, rather stout 



branches, the buds scattered brown-hairy; leaves obovate or 

 broadly so, 7-15 cm. long, 5-10 cm. wide, green and scattered- 

 pubescent on nerves above, whitish to glaucous and sparsely 

 long-pubescent beneath, the petioles pubescent, 2-3.5 cm. long; 

 flowers nodding, 8-10 cm. across, fragrant, white, cup-shaped, 

 the peduncle rather long and pubescent; sepals ovate, pale rose, 

 1/2-2/3 as long as the petals; petals white, obovate, usually 6; 



fruit ellipsoidal, 2.5-3.5 cm. long, glabrous. ^May-July. 



Woods in mountains; Honshu (Kanto to Kinki Distr.), Shi- 

 koku, Kyushu; rare. Korea. 



5. Magnolia salicifolia (Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim. Buer- 

 geria salicifolia Sieb. & Zucc. Tamu-shiba. Small decidu- 

 ous tree with rather slender glabrous branches; leaves broadly 

 lanceolate to ovate-oblong, 6-12 cm. long, 2-5 cm. wide, thinly 

 chartaceous, acute, glabrous above, glaucous and white-puberu- 

 lent beneath, acute at base, the petioles glabrous, 1-1.5 cm. 

 long; flowers white, 7-10 cm. across; sepals 3, lanceolate, 20- 

 30 mm. long, 4-7 mm. wide, about half as long as the petals; 

 petals 6(-12), narrowly obovate, to broadly oblanceolate, 17- 

 25 mm. wide, spreading; fruit cylindric, 5-7 cm. long, gla- 

 brous. Apr.-May. Mountains; Honshu (mainly Japan Sea 



side), Kyushu. 



6. Magnolia kobus DC. M. thurberi Hort.; M. prae- 



cocissima Koidz. ^Kobushi. Deciduous tree with rather 



stout glabrous branches; leaves thinly chartaceous, obovate to 

 broadly so, 6-13 cm. long, 3-6 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate, 

 the tip subobtuse, glabrous above, paler green and slightly 

 pubescent on nerves beneath; flowers white, sometimes with 

 a rose-purple center, about 10 cm. across, usually with a small 

 leaf at base of the very short peduncle; sepals 3, linear, 15-18 



mm. long, 3-4 mm. wide; petals narrowly obovate, 2-3.5 cm. 

 broad, spreading, usually reddish near the base; fruit short- 



cylindric, 7-10 cm. long. Apr.-May. Hills and base of 



mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; rather com- 

 mon. 

 Var. borealis Sarg. M. praecocissima var. borealis (Sarg.) 



Koidz. ^Kita-kobushi. Leaves larger, 10-17 cm. long, 



6-8 cm. wide; flowers slightly larger, often pink tinged. 



Hokkaido and Honshu (Japan Sea side of n. and centr. distr.). 

 s. Korea. 



7. Magnolia liliflora Desr. M. discolor Vent.; M. pur- 

 purea Curt.; Yulania japonica Spach; M. obovata sensu Willd., 



non Thunb. Mokbren, Shi-mokuren. Large deciduous 



shrub with rather stout erect nearly glabrous branches; leaves 

 obovate or broadly so, 8-18 cm. long, 6-12 cm. wide, abruptly 

 short-acuminate, narrowed below, scattered short-pilose above, 

 pale green and short-pilose on nerves beneath, the petioles 10- 

 15 cm. long; flowers tubular-campanulate, not expanding, 

 8-10 cm. long; sepals lanceolate, about 3 cm. long, 7-8 mm. 

 wide, recurved below, with incurved margin above; petals 6, 

 dark purple, usually whitish inside, 3-4 cm. wide. Apr.- 

 May. Widely cultivated in our area. centr. China. 



Var. gracilis (Salisb.) Rehd. M. gracilis Salisb. ^T6- 



mokuren. Shrub with rather slender, erect branches, the 

 leaves narrower; sepals linear-lanceolate, incurved on margin, 

 rather straight, about 4 mm. wide; petals slightly smaller, 

 narrower, dark red-purple, with whitish inner side. Chi- 

 nese shrub cultivated in gardens. 



8. Magnolia denudata Desr. M. conspicua Salisb.; M. 

 yulan Desf. Haku-mokuren. Deciduous tree, resem- 

 bling the preceding, but the flowers white and open-campanu- 

 late; leaves broadly ovate, 8-15 cm. long; perianth-segments 

 (tepals) 9, narrowly obovate, 7-8 cm. long, 3-4 cm. wide; 



fruit glabrous. Apr. Ornamental tree from centr. China, 



cultivated in our area. 



Var. purpurascens (Maxim.) Rehd. & Wils. M. purpuras- 

 cens (Maxim.) Makino; M. conspicua var. purpurascens 

 Maxim. Sarasa-renge. Perianth-segments pale red-pur- 

 ple outside and white inside. Cultivated in our area; flow- 

 ering slighdy later than the typical phase. centr. China. 



9. Magnolia stellata (Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim. Buergeria 



stellata Sieb. & Zucc. Shide-kobushi. Small tree or large 



shrub with densely pubescent young branches; leaves thinly 

 chartaceous, narrowly obovate or broadly oblanceolate, 5-8 cm. 

 long, 1-3 cm. wide, obtuse to rounded, cuneate at base, gla- 

 brous above, pale green and glabrous or slightly short-pubes- 

 cent only on nerves beneath, the petioles 2-5 mm. long, usu- 

 ally appressed short-pubescent; flowers white to rose, about 8 

 cm. across; perianth-segments (tepals), 12-18, oblanceolate, 

 8-12 mm. wide, spreading, subrecurved before withering; 



carpels glabrous. Apr. Mountains; Honshu (western T6- 



kaido Distr.) ; often planted in gardens. 



3. ILLICIUM L. 



Shikimi Zoku 



Glabrous, often aromatic, evergreen trees and shrubs; leaves simple, alternate, glandular-dotted, usually entire, petiolate; 

 flowers solitary, pedicelled, white, yellowish or purplish; sepals 3 or 6, free, membranous, in 1 or 2 series, imbricate; petals many, 

 spreading, usually linear-oblong; stamens many, the filaments thickened, the anther-locules introrse; carpels many, verticillate, 

 1-ovuled; follicles coriaceous or ligneous. About 20 species, in e. Asia and N. America. 



1. Illicium religiosum Sieb. & Zucc. /. anisatum L. pro cm. long, 1.5-3.5 cm. wide, abrupdy short-acuminate, the tip 



parte; /. japonicum Sieb. Shikimi. Small evergreen tree; obtuse, entire, the lateral nerves and veinlets not prominent; 



leaves coriaceous, lustrous, narrowly obovate or oblong, 4-10 petioles 10-15 mm. long; flowers pale yellow-white, fragrant. 



