Magnoliaceae ; Lauraceae 469 



2.5-3 cm. across, the peduncles about 2 cm. long, the bracts shu (Kanto Distr. and vvestw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; common 

 caducous; petals broadly linear or lanceolate; seeds yellow- and much planted in temples and used as a decoration in Bud- 

 brown. rMar.-May. Thickets and woods in foothills; Hon- dhist cemeteries. Ryukyus, Formosa, and China. 



4. SCfflSANDRA Michx. Matsubusa Zoku 



Scandent dioecious woody climbers; leaves alternate, membranous, deciduous, exstipulate; flowers solitary, from the lower 

 axils of young shoots, small, nodding, long-pedunculate, pale yellow or rose, the perianth-segments 6-12, petallike; stamens 5-15, 

 connate; carpels many, indehiscent, 2-ovuled, loosely arranged in a spike on a much-elongate receptacle, berrylike, red or black; 

 seeds reniform. More than 10 species, 1 in N. America, the others in e. and s. Asia. 



lA. Leaves narrowly obovatc to obovate-orbicular, with 5-10 short teeth, the midrib impressed on upper side; petioles half or less than 

 half as long as the blade; fruit red; seeds smooth 1. S. chinensis 



IB. Leaves ovate-orbicular, with 3-5 short teeth, the midrib not impressed on upper side; petioles about as long as to half as long as the 

 blade; fruit blue-black; seeds tubercled 2. 5. repanda 



1. Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) H. Baill. Kadstira chostigma repanda Sieb. & Zucc; 5. nigra Maxim. Ma- 



chinensis Turcz.; Sphaerostemma japonica Sieb. & Zucc; Max- tsubusa. Closely resembles the preceding; leaves slightly 



imowiczia chinensis (Turcz.) Rupr. Chosen-gomishi. thicker, broader, flat above, glabrous, 2-6 cm. long, 3.5-5 cm. 



Small scandent shrub; leaves membranous, narrowly obovate wide, rounded and abrupdy petiolate at base, paler beneath, 

 to obovate-orbicular, rarely elliptic, 4-7 cm. long, 3-5 cm. the nerves not impressed, the petioles 2-5 cm. long, often red- 

 wide, glabrous or sometimes papillose on nerves beneath, the dish, the petals creamy white; fruit globose, blue-black; seeds 



petioles 2-2.5 cm. long, pale green; flowers creamy white, tubercled. May-June. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



pendulous on slender peduncles; petals oblong, about 10 mm. Shikoku, Kyushu. s. Korea. Forma hypoleuca (Ma- 

 long, ascending; fruit globose, red; seeds smooth. May- kino) Ohwi. 5. n/f^ra var. Aypo/e«ca Makino; 5. AVco/or Na- 



June. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (n. and centr. distr.). kai Urajiro-matsubusa. Leaves whitish beneath. Oc- 



Korea, China, Amur, and SakhaUn. curs with die typical phase. 



2. Schisandra repanda (Sieb. & Zucc.) Radlk. Tro- 



5. KADSURA Juss. Sane-kazura Zoku 



Evergreen scandent dioecious shrubs; leaves alternate, pedolate, simple, rather thick, lustrous, scattered-toothed; stipules ab- 

 sent; flowers axillary, solitary, creamy white; perianth-segments 9-15, the outer gradually smaller, the inner petaloid; stamens in 

 the staminate flowers many, free or connate in a head, the connective broad; carpels many, in heads, 2- to 3-ovuled, the fruiting 



ones berrylike, red, on a globose incrassate fleshy receptacle; seeds reniform. About 10 species, in the tropical and temperate 



regions of Asia. 



1. Kadsura japonica (Thunb.) Dunal. Uvaria japonica lete; peduncles with few small scalelike bracts on lower part; 



Thunb. Sane-kazura, Binan-kazura. Leaves elliptic, flowers about 1.5 cm. across, pendulous, the inner petals ellip- 



oblong or ovate, 5-10 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, rather thick and tic, about 10 mm. long; seeds about 5 mm. across. Aug. 



soft, deep green and lustrous above, paler and often purplish Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



beneath, tlie lateral nerves and veinlets very weak and obso- China and Formosa. 



Fam. 95. LAURACEAE * Kusu-no-ki Ka Laurel Family 



Usually aromadc, sometimes dioecious erect trees or shrubs, rarely twining epiphytic parasites; leaves alternate, simple or 

 palmately cleft, penninerved, sometimes 3-nerved at base; stipules absent; flowers bisexual or unisexual, actinomorphic, rather 

 small, in axillary umbels, racemes, or panicles, the perianth-segments 4 or 6, often connate at base; stamens 6-12, the anthers 

 2- to 4-locular, the locules opening upward by a flaplike valve; ovary 1-locular, with a solitary pendulous ovule; fruit a berry or 



dry, pften enclosed by the persistent perianth base; seeds without endo.sperm. About 40 genera, with about 1,500 species, 



mainly in the Tropics, relatively few in temperate regions. 



lA. Flowers bisexual; inflorescence without involucral bracts. 



2A. Twining parasitic herbs; leaves scalelike, small; anthers 2-locular 1. Cassytha 



2B. Trees with large leaves. 



3A. Fruit entirely enclosed within the perianth-tube; anthers 2-Iocular 2. Cryptocarya 



33. Fruit naked; anthers 4-locular. 



4A. Perianth-segments deciduous; leaves usually 3-nerved 3. Cinnamomum 



4B. Perianth-segments persistent, reflcxcd in fruit; leaves usually penninerved 4. Machilus 



IB. Flowers unisexual (plants dioecious); inflorescence involucrate at base. 



5A. Anthers (except in Lindera citriodora) 2-locular; perfect stamens 9; leaves mostly deciduous (evergreen in Lindera strychnijoUa) . 



6A. Fruit an indehiscent berry 5. Lindera 



6B. Fruit dry, irregularly splitting, 5- to 6-lobed, the seed exposed 6. Parabenzoin 



5B. Anthers 4-locular; leaves evergreen. 



7A. Perianth-segments 4; stamens 6(-8) ; leaves usually 3-ncrved 7. Neolitsea 



