Papaveraceae 



475 



1. Chelidonium majus L. var. asiaticum (Hara) Ohwi. 

 C. Majus var. hirsutum Trautv. & Mey., excl. syn.; C. majus 



sensu auct. Japon., non L.; C. majus subsp. asiaticum Hara 



KusA-No-o. Erect, branched glaucescent biennial herb with 

 multicellular curled hairs at first, later becoming glabrescent; 

 stems 30-80 cm. long; leaves 1- to 2-pinnately parted or 

 divided, 7-15 cm. long, 5-10 cm. wide, obtuse, glabrous to 

 pubescent beneadi, obtusely toothed and incised, the lower 

 leaves petiolate; umbels pedunculate, axillary, few-flowered; 

 flowers pedicelled; sepals 6-8 mm. long; petals 10-12 mm. 

 long. May-July. Meadows and thickets in lowlands; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. The temper- 

 ate regions of e. Asia. The typical phase occurs in Europe and 

 Siberia. 



2. Chelidonium japonicum Thunb. Hylomecon ja- 

 ponicum (Thunb.) Prand; C. uniflorum Sieb. & Zucc; Styl- 



ophorum japonicum (Thunb.) Miq. Yamabuki-s6. Soft 



perennial herb with short rhizomes, with scattered multicellu- 



lar curled hairs; radical leaves long-petioled, pinnate, the leaf- 

 lets 5-7, broadly ovate to elliptic, 1.5-5 cm. long, 1.2-3 cm. 

 wide, short-peuolulate, acute, incised and irregularly toothed; 

 scapes 30-40 cm. long, with few, small, dissected leaves above; 

 flowers 1 to few, axillary, die pedicels 4-6 cm. long; sepals 

 narrowly ovate, acute, 15-17 mm. long; petals 2-2.5 cm. long; 

 capsules linear, 3-5 cm. long, about 3 mm. across, many- 

 seeded; stigma 2-lobed. Apr.-June. Woods in lowlands 



and hills; Honshu. Forma lanceolatum (Yatabe) Ohwi. 



Stylophorum lanceolatum Yatabe; Hylomecon japonicum var. 

 lanceolatum (Yatabe) Makino Hosoba-yamaeuki-so. Leaf- 

 lets of cauline leaves minutely toothed, broadly lanceolate. 



Forma dissectum (Fr. & Sav.) Ohwi. Stylophorum japoni- 

 cum var. dissectum Fr. & Sav.; Hylomecon japonicum var. 

 dissectum (Fr. & Sav.) Makino Seriba-yamabuki-so. Leaf- 

 lets of cauUne leaves rhombic-ovate, deeply pinnatifid and 

 incised. 



3. MACLEAYA R. Br. Takenigusa Zoku 



Large erect perennial more or less glaucous herbs with yellow juice; stems stout, hollow, leafy; leaves pedolate, large, pinnati- 

 fid; flowers white, small, pedicelled, in large erect panicles; sepals 2, white, caducous; petals absent; stamens many; ovary 1; 

 style short, the stigma thickened, 2-lobed; ovules few; capsules broadly oblanceolate, pendulous, flat, the valves membranous, 

 glabrous; seeds few. Two species, in Japan and China. 



1. Macleaya cordata (Willd.) R. Br. Bocconia cordata 

 Willd.; B. jedoensis Carr.; B. japonica Andre; M. yedoensis 

 Andre; M. cordata var. yedoensis (Andre) Fedde Takeni- 

 gusa, CHAMPAcncu. Stems stout, 1-2 m. high, erect, usu- 

 ally simple, branched above, terete; leaves radical and cauline, 

 broadly ovate, 12-25 cm. long, obtuse, subcordate, pinnately 

 incised, white and rather densely short-pubescent beneath; 

 sepals oblanceolate, about 10 mm. long; stamens many, the 



anthers linear, yellow, 3-4 mm. long; capsules flat, glabrous, 

 obtuse, cuneate, about 20 mm. long, about 5 mm. wide, gray- 

 brown. June-Aug. Waste grounds and open meadows in 



lowlands and foothills; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



China and Formosa. 



Var. thunbergii (Miq.) Miq. Bocconia cordata var. 



thunbergii Miq. Ke-nashi-champagiku. Leaves glabrous 



beneath. Occurs with the typical phase. 



4. DICENTRA Bernh. Koma-kusa Zoku 



Glabrous, glaucous perennial herbs with pinnately or ternately dissected leaves; inflorescence racemose; flowers rose or yellow- 

 ish, nodding, the pedicels bracteate; sepals 2, scalelike; petals 4, the outer 2 boat-shaped, reflexed above in anthesis, saccate or 

 short-spurred at base, the inner 2 rather small, clawed, connate at apex, ridged on back stamens 6; ovary 1, the placentae 2; style 



slender, die stigma flat, 2- to 4-lobed; capsules lanceolate, dehiscent, 2-valved; seeds usually arillate. More than 10 species, in 



N. America and Asia. 



lA. Tall leafy-stcmmed perennial herb; racemes relatively long, many-flowered; flo%vers about 30 mm. long; sepals caducous. 

 IB. Small scapose perennial herb; racemes very short, few-flowered; flowers about 20 mm. long; sepals persistent. . . 



1 . D. spectabilis 



2. D. peregrina 



1. Dicentra spectabilis (L.) Lem. Fumaria spectabilis 

 L.; Di elytra spectabilis (L.) G. Don; Eucapnos spectabilis 



(L.) Sieb. & Zucc. Keman-s6. Rhizomes rather stout, 



elongate, tufted; stems leafy, 40-80 cm. long, angled, juicy, 

 reddish; leaves long-petiolate, twice ternate, the leaflets 3- to 

 5-parted to -divided, 3-6 cm. long, the segments broadly ob- 

 lanceolate, usually incised on upper margin, slightly glauces- 

 cent; racemes solitary, axillary, pedunculate, 20-30 cm. long, 

 many-flowered; flowers nodding, flattened, deeply cordate, 

 27-32 mm. long, 18-20 mm. wide, rose, the inner petals white; 

 sepals thinly membranous, lanceolate, caducous, 6-7 mm. long. 



Apr.-June. Cultivated in gardens. Korea, Manchuria, 



and China. 



2. Dicentra peregrina (Rudolph) Makino. Fumaria 



peregrina Rudolph; D. pusilla Sieb. & Zucc; D. peregrina var. 



pusilla (Sieb. & Zucc.) Makino Koma-kusa. Glaucous, 



glabrous perennial herb with short erect rhizomes; leaves 

 radical, petiolate, finely dissected, the lobes linear-oblong, the 

 segments obmse, 2-6 mm. long, about 1 mm. wide, glaucous; 

 scapes 5-15 cm. long, the raceme very short, few-flowered; 

 flowers rose, flat, slightly cordate, about 20 mm. long, 10-12 

 mm. wide; sepals broadly ovate, persistent, about 3 mm. long, 

 green; capsules narrowly oblong, 8-10 mm. long, about 4 mm. 

 wide, enveloped by the persistent withered perianth; style 

 slender, as long as the capsule, the stigma transversely oblong, 



flat; seeds black, shining. July-Aug. Gravelly to sandy 



slopes mainly in volcanoes; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. 

 distr.); rare.— Sakhalin, Kuriles, Kamchatka, and e. Siberia. 



