476 Papaveraceae 



5. CORYDALIS DC. Ki keman Zoku 



Usually glabrous and glaucous, sometimes sparingly papillose biennial or perennial herbs; leaves ternately or pinnately divided, 

 alternate or radical; inflorescence racemose, terminal or axillary, bracteate; flowers pedicelled, rose-purple, white or yellow; sepals 

 2, small or absent; petals 4, free or partially connate, the outer 2 larger, the upper one spurred at base, the inner 2 connate at 

 apex, ridged on the back; stamens 6, united in pairs; ovary I-locular, with 2 nervelike placentae, 1- to many-ovuled; styles slender, 



die stigma flat, often dentate on margin; capsules linear to ovoid, sometimes torulose; seeds usually arillate. About 200 



species, in Africa, Eurasia, and America, especially abundant in centr. Asia and China. 



lA. Plants with tubers; cauline leaves few; flowers rose-purple or blue, rarely white. 



2A. Tubers usually 1-stemmed; radical leaves present only when the tuber not scapose; lowest cauline leaf reduced to a scale. 



3A. Capsules linear or oblong-linear; tuber with more or less yellow flesh; bracts usually entire 1. C. ambigua 



3B. Capsules lanceolate to narrowly ovate; tuber with white flesh; bracts often incised. 



4A. Flowers 15-25 mm. long 2. C. lineariloba 



4B. Flowers 10-13 mm. long 3. C. capillipes 



2B. Tubers with few radical leaves and scapes; lowest cauline leaf not reduced to a scale. 



5A. Stems slender, 5-10 cm. long; capsules linear, 17-20 mm. long 4. C. decumbens 



5B. Stems stout, up to 1 m. long; capsules broadly oblanceolate, about 25 mm. long 5. C. curvicalcarata 



IB. Plants without tubers; cauline leaves often rather numerous; flowers yellow, rarely rose-purple or whitish. 

 6A. Upper petals connate to the claw of the inner petals; seeds smooth. 



7A. Stems much elongate, sometimes more than 1 m. long; flowers pale yellow, in loose racemes, with a spur about as long as the 



body at base; sepals subentire 6. C. ochotensis 



7B. Stems erect, 20-50 cm. long; flowers rose-purple, rarely rose-white, in dense racemes, with a spur shorter than the body at base; 



sepals finely dissected into capillary segments 7. C. incisa 



6B. Upper petals free; seeds muricate, papillose or impressed-punctate. 



8A. Flowers 6-13 mm. long; stigma with 4 distinct lobes on upper margin; aril clavate, not appressed to the seed. 



9A. Flowers green-yellow, 6-13 mm. long, sometimes with a purple hue; capsules strongly flexuous; seeds with impressed dots. 



8. C. ophiocarpa 



9B. Flowers pale yellow, 6-7 mm. long; capsules straight; seeds with conical papillae 9. C. racemosa 



8B. Flowers 15-23 mm. long (12-18 mm. long in C. tashiroi); stigma with small teeth on margin; aril appressed to the seed. 

 1 OA. Leaves pinnate. 



IIA. Capsules straight; flowers 12-18 mm. long, with a spur 1-4 mm. long at base 10. C. tashiroi 



IIB. Capsules more or less curved, slightly torulose; flowers 15-23 mm. long, with a longer spur at base. 



12A. Racemes 3-10 cm. long, densely many-flowered, the flowers 20-23 mm. long; seeds with impressed dots. 



1 1 . C speciosa 



12B. Racemes 2-5 cm. long, 2- to 8-flowered, the flowers 18-20 mm. long; seeds tuberculate 12. C. pallida 



lOB. Leaves ternate 13. C. keterocarpa 



1. Corydalis ambigua Cham. & Schltdl. Ezo-engo- cised, the pedicels 5-15 mm. long; flowers 15-25 mm. long, 

 SAKD. Glabrous, glaucescent, smooth or slightly papillose blue-purple; capsules lanceolate to ovate-oblong, 7-13 mm. 



perennial herb, the tuber globose, 1-2 cm. across; stems soli- long, 2.5-4 mm. wide; seeds smooth, shining. Apr.-May. 



tary, 10-30 cm. long, 2-leaved above, the scalelike leaf near Woods and meadows in hills and mountains; Honshu, Kyu- 



the base sometimes bearing a branch from the axil; leaves shu; rather common. Korea and Manchuria. 



petiolate, 1- to 2 (-3) -ternate, the ultimate segments thin, lin- Var. capillaris (Makino) Ohwi. C. bulbosa var. capillaris 



ear to ovate-orbicular, 10-30 mm. long, 2-25 mm. wide, entire Makino; C. capillaris (Makino) Takeda Hime-engo-saku. 



or variously lobed to parted, obtuse to rounded; racemes Differs from the typical phase in being very delicate; leaves 



terminal, densely many-flowered, erect, the bracts broadly 3 (-4) -ternate, the leaflets or ultimate segments ovate-orbicular 



lanceolate to ovate-orbicular, usually entire, the pedicels 7-12 to oblong, 5-8 mm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, thinner; flowers 



mm. long; flowers blue-purple, rarely white, 17-25 mm. long; rather few. Shikoku, Kyushu. 



capsules linear or oblong-linear, 15-23 mm. long, 2.5-3 mm. Var. papilligera (Ohwi) Ohwi. C. papilligera Ohwi 



across; seeds dark brown, shining, smooth. Apr.-May. Kinki-engo-saku. Differs from the preceding variety in the 



Woods and meadows in lowlands to mountains; Hokkaido, ovate-oblong capsules, 5-10 mm. long, 4-5 mm. wide, and the 



Honshu (n. distr.); very variable in leaf-shape and in the seeds with minute papillose-tubercles toward the margin. 



papillosity of leaf-margins and racemes. Sakhalin, Kuriles, Honshu. 



and Ochotsk Sea region. 3. Corydalis capillipes Franch. Michinoku-engo-saku, 



2. Corydalis lineariloba Sieb. & Zucc. C. orthoceras Hime-yama-engo-saku. Glabrous slender perennial herb, 

 Sieb. & Zucc; C. senanensis Fr. & Sav.; C. vernyi Fr. & Sav.; the tuber globose, 5-10 mm. across; scapes 10-20 cm. long, 2- 

 C. laxa Fr. & Sav.; C. hallaisanensis Lev.; C. remota sensu auct. leaved, with a single subterranean scale and axillary bulblet; 



Japon., non Fisch. Yama-engo-saku, Sasaba-engo-saku. leaves petiolate, 2- to 3-ternate, the leaflets or ultimate segments 



Glabrous, smooth or slightly papillose perennial herb, the tuber linear to oblong, thin, 1-3 cm. long, 2-10 mm. wide, often 

 globose, 7-15 mm. across; stems 10-20 cm. long, 2-leaved, the deeply parted, sometimes entire; racemes many- or rather few- 

 scalelike leaf at the base often with a small axillary bulblet; flowered, the bracts narrowly ovate to flabellate-cuneate, entire 

 leaves 2- to 3-ternate, the leaflets or ultimate segments thin, lin- to incised; flowers 10-13 mm. long; capsules ovate-oblong, 



ear to ovate-orbicular, often deeply 3-cleft to -parted, 15-25 about 3 mm. long, 2 mm. wide. Apr.-May. Woods and 



mm. long, 3-15 mm. wide; flowers in a dense terminal raceme, meadows in mountains; Honshu (Japan Sea side of n. and 



the bracts lanceolate to flabellate-cuneate, usually toothed to in- centr. distr.). 



