Papaveraceae 



477 



4. Corydalis decumbens (Thunb.) Pers. Ftimaria de- 



cumbens Thunb. Jirobo-enco-saku. Slender glabrous 



glaucescent perennial herb, the globose tuber renewed each 

 season; radical leaves few, 2- to 3-ternate, long-petiolate, the 

 leaflets usually 2- to 3-parted to -cleft, the segments oblanceo- 

 late to obovate, 1-2 cm. long, 3-7 mm. wide, thin, glaucous; 

 scapes decumbent, erect above, 10-30 cm. long, without a 

 scalclike leaf below ground; cauline leaves 2, petiolate, 2-ter- 

 nate; racemes rather few-flowered, the bracts ovate, entire, 

 subacute, the pedicels 5-10 mm. long; flowers rose to blue- 

 purple, 15-22 mm. long; capsules linear, 15-22 mm. long, 

 about 1.5 mm. wide, slightly torulose when dried; seeds dark 



brown, about 1.2 mm. across, minutely mammillate. Apr.- 



May. Meadows along rivers in lowlands; Honshu (Kanto 



Distr. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Formosa and China. 



Forma albescens (Takeda) Ohwi. C. decumbens lusus 



albescens Takeda. Flowers whitish. Occurs with the typical 



phase. 



5. Corydalis curvicalcarata Miyabe & Kudo. Ezo-6- 

 KENMN. Stems erect, stout, glabrous, about 1 m. long; 

 cauline leaves 2- to 3-ternate-pinnate, the ultimate segments 

 pinnate, the lobes broadly lanceolate to elliptic, acute, glau- 

 cous beneath; racemes short, nearly simple, about 4.5 cm. long, 

 the pedicels about 1 cm. long, the bracts linear; flowers white, 

 about 16 mm. long, the upper petals slighdy longer than the 

 upwardly curved rounded spur; capsules clavate, about 2 cm. 

 long, 6-7 mm. wide; seeds 3-3.5 mm. across. June. Hok- 

 kaido. 



6. Corydalis ochotensis Turcz. Tsuru-keman. Fig. 6. 

 Glabrous glaucescent biennial herb; stems branched, elongate, 

 soft and juicy, decumbent or ascending, acutely angled, some- 

 times more than 1 m. long; leaves petiolate, nearly deltoid in 

 outline, 7-12 cm. long and as wide, 2- to 3-ternate, the leaflets 

 often 3-cIeft, the segments oblong or obovate, 10-15 mm. long, 

 5-10 mm. wide, subrounded, the petiole winged; racemes ter- 

 minal, loose, the bracts ovate to broadly so, usually entire, 3-10 

 mm. wide, weakly veined, the pedicels 4-7 mm. long; flowers 

 pale yellow, 15-20 mm. long; sepals subentire; capsules obo- 

 vate-cuneate to elongate-obovate, 12-15 mm. long, 3.5-4.5 

 mm. wide; seeds in 2 series, smooth. Aug.-Sept. Moun- 

 tains; Honshu (Kanto and centr. distr.). e. Siberia and 



Ochotsk Sea region. 



Var. raddeana (Kegel) Nakai. C. raddeana Kegel; C. 



ochotensis forma raddeana (Kegel) Nakai Nacami-no- 



TsuRU-KEMAN. Bracts ovate to lanceolate, 2-5 mm. wide; 

 capsules linear-oblanceolate, 2-2.5 mm. wide; seeds in one 

 series. Aug.-Oct. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyu- 

 shu. Manchuria, Korea, and e. Siberia. 



7. Corydalis incisa (Thunb.) Pers. Ftimaria incisa 

 Thunb. MuRASAKi-KEMAN. Soft glabrous slightly glau- 

 cescent biennial; tap-root somewhat fusiform in winter; stems 

 20-50 cm. long, tufted, angular, slighdy branched, leafy; radi- 

 cal leaves long-petiolate, ovate-orbicular, 3-8 cm. long, more 

 or less triangular in oudine, 2-ternate, the leaflets ternately or 

 pinnately lobed, the lobes cuneate, incised, 1-2 cm. long, the 

 cauline petiolate; racemes erect, 4-12 cm. long, the bracts 

 flabellate-cuneate to oblanccolate, incised, the pedicels 10-15 

 mm. long; flowers rose-purple, 12-18 mm. long; sepals finely 

 dissected into capillary segments; capsules linear-oblong, nod- 

 ding, about 15 mm. long, 3-3.5 mm. wide, straight. Apr.- 



June. Thickets and bamboo forests in lowlands and foothills; 

 Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Forma 



pallescens Makino. Shiro-yabu-keman. Flowers nearly 

 white. Occurs with the typical phase. 



8. Corydalis ophiocarpa Hook. f. & Thorns. C. japon- 



ica Makino; C. mal^inoana Matsum. Yama-ki-keman. 



Glabrous, glaucous, perennial herb; stems somewhat tufted, 

 nearly erect, 40-80 cm. long, angled, greenish; leaves petiolate, 

 ovate, 8-15 cm. long, 4-8 cm. wide, pinnately compound, the 

 leaflets pinnately divided or parted, the segments ovate or 

 narrowly so, often incised, the petioles winged; racemes ter- 

 minal, short-pedunculate, rather densely many-flowered, the 

 bracts lanceolate, with a filiform point, the pedicels 2-6 mm. 

 long, curved, much shorter than the bracts; flowers greenish 

 yellow, sometimes with a dark purple hue, 8-13 mm. long, 

 the spur short; capsules linear, strongly flexuous, about 3 cm. 



long; seeds impressed-punctate. May-July. Mountains; 



Honshu (Kanto Distr. and westw.), Shikoku. Formosa, 



China, and India. 



9. Corydalis racemosa (Thunb.) Pers. Ftimaria ra- 



cemosa Thunb. Hozaki-ki-keman. Glabrous biennial 



herb; stems spreading, 20-60 cm. long; leaves petiolate, ovate, 

 5-10 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, 2-ternate, the leaflets broadly 

 ovate; racemes 5-10 cm. long, the bracts linear; flowers 6-7 

 mm. long; capsules linear, straight, 17-30 mm. long, 2-2.5 

 mm. wide; seeds about 1 mm. across, with conical tubercles. 

 Apr.-May. Kyushu, Shikoku. China. 



10. Corydalis tashiroi Makino. C. formosana Hayata 



■ Shima-ki-keman. Glabrous glaucescent biennial; stems 



15-40 cm. long; leaves petiolate, broadly ovate, 8-20 cm. long, 

 bipinnate, the leaflets pinnately parted to divided, the segments 

 broadly ovate, incised; racemes bracteate; flowers 12-18 mm. 

 long, the spur very short; capsules linear, straight, 3.5-4.5 cm. 



long, 2.5-3 mm. wide; seeds with impressed dots. Mar.- 



Apr. Kyushu. Ryukyus, Formosa, and s. China. 



11. Corydalis speciosa Maxim. C. pallida var. speciosa 

 (Maxim.) Komar.; C. maximotvicziana Nakai; C. pterophora 



Ohwi Ezo-Ki-i^iEMAN. Glabrous glaucescent biennial herb; 



stems 20-40 cm. long, terete, erect, often ascending at base; 

 leaves petiolate or subsessile, narrowly ovate, 10-15 cm. long, 

 4-6 cm. wide, the leaflets pinnate or pinnadparted, incised; 

 racemes densely many-flowered, elongate in fruit, 3-10 cm. 

 long; flowers 20-23 mm. long; capsules linear, 2-3 cm. long, 

 torulose, gendy curved; seeds with impressed dots. May- 

 June. Hokkaido, Honshu (Mount Hayachine in Kikuchu). 

 • e. Siberia, Manchuria, n. China, and Sakhalin. 



12. Corydalis pallida (Thunb.) Pers. Ftimaria pallida 

 Thunb.; C. satsiimensis T. Ito; C. tri flora Ohv\'i; C. tri flora 

 var. ara\iana Ohwi Furo-keman. Glabrous, glauces- 

 cent, biennial herb; stems 15-50 cm. long, terete, several-leaved, 

 erect or ascending; leaves petiolate or subsessile, ovate, 1- to 

 2-pinnate, the leaflets broadly ovate, incised; racemes 2-5 cm. 

 long, 2- to 8-flo\vered; flowers 18-20 mm. long; capsules linear, 

 1-2 cm. long, slighdy torulose; seeds with conical tubercles. 



Mar.-May. Honshu (centr. distr. and westw.), Shikoku, 



Kyushu. 



Var. tenuis Yatabe. C. pallida sensu auct. Japon., pro parte 



Maxim., non Pers.; C. hondoensis Ohwi Miyama-ki-ke- 



MAN. Plant slightly larger; racemes longer, 3-10 cm. long, 

 rather many-flowered; flowers 20-23 mm. long; capsules 2-3 



cm. long, prominently torulose. Honshu (Kinki Distr. and 



eastw.) ; common. 



13. Corydalis heterocarpa Sieb. & Zucc. C. tvil\ordii 

 Kegel Tsukushi-ki-keman. Glabrous glaucescent herb; 



