Cruciferae 



481 



1. Baphanus sativus L. forma raphanistroides Makino. 

 R. raphanistroides (Makino) Nakai; R. macropodus var. spon- 

 taneus Nakai; R. acanthijormis Morel; R. macropodus Lev.; 



R. sativus var. raphanistroides (Makino) Makino Hama- 



DAiKON. Annual or biennial with a slenderly thickened 

 tap-root; stems 40-80 cm. long, branched, terete; leaves lyrate, 

 sHghtly glaucescent; flowers pale rose-purple; petals about 2 



cin. long, obovate, clawed; siliques erect, 5-8 cm. long, 5-6 

 mm. across, the pedicels 1-2 cm. long, ascending, glabrous, 

 somewhat coriaceous, torulose, not dehiscent, terete, 2- to 5- 



seeded. Apr.-June. A degenerated phase of cv. Horten- 



sis. R. sativus var. hortcnsis Backer, the "Daikon" or Jap- 

 anese radish. 



4. LEPIDIUM L. Mame-gumbai-nazuna Zoku 



Glabrous or pubescent erect or diffuse often branched herbs or subshrubs; flowers in racemes, ebracteate, small, white; sepals 

 short, equal; petals short or absent; stamens 2-4; silicles flat, oblong, ovate, obovate or obcordate, rarely subglobose, often laterally 

 flattened, keeled, emarginate, sometimes winged, with a narrow membranous septum; style absent or filiform, the stigmas 

 emarginate; cotyledons accumbent or incumbent. About 60 species, in temperate to warmer regions of the world. 



lA. Caulinc leaves cordate, entire, strongly clasping 1- i-. perjoUatiwt 



IB. Cauline leaves petiolate or sessile, not clasping. 



2A. Silicles orbicular, 2.5-3 ram. long and as wide 2. L. virginicum 



2B. Silicles elliptic, about 5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide i-L. sativum 



1. Lepidium perfoliatum L. Koshimino-nazuna. toothed or entire, racemes elongate after anthesis; flowers 

 Erect biennial; lower cauline and radical leaves twice pin- many, small, white; silicles orbicular, with a narrow wing on 

 nately divided, the upper leaves cordate, entire, acute; flowers upper margin, the seeds narrowly winged on upper margin. 



small. Apr. (-Oct.). Naturalized in our area. s. Eu- May-June. Naturalized in our area. N.America. 



rope and w. Asia. 3. Lepidium sativum L. Kosh6-so. Nearly glabrous 



2. Lepidium virginicum L. Mame-gumbai-nazuna. annual or biennial; cauline leaves pinnately parted, the upper 

 Erect biennial herb; stems branched, 20-50 cm. long, minutely ones entire and linear; flowers ratlier small, white; silicles 

 puberulent; cauline leaves cuneate-oblanceolate to linear, 1.5-5 elliptic, entire, narrowly winged on upper margin. May- 

 cm. long, 2-10 mm. wide, acute, narrowed at base, deeply Aug. Very rarely cultivated. Europe. 



5. THLASPI L. 



Gumbai-nazuna Zoku 



Usually glabrous, often glaucescent annuals, biennials, or perennials; stems erect, sometimes scapose; radical leaves rosulate, 

 entire or toothed, the cauline oblong or narrowly ovate, auriculate; flowers in ebracteate racemes, white, rose, or pale purple; 

 sepals erect, equal; petals obovate; stamens free; silicles short, laterally flattened, oblong, obcordate or obcuneate, emarginate or 

 rarely acute, die valves keeled or winged, the septum narrow, membranous; style short or elongate, the stigma emarginate; 



seeds 2 to several in each locule; cotyledons accumbent. About 30 species, in temperate to Arctic regions and mountains of the 



N. Hemisphere, rare in the S. Hemisphere. 



lA. Biennial; silicles obcordate-orbicular, prominently wing-margined, retuse; style very short 1. T. arvense 



IB. Perennial; silicles cuneate-oblong, wingless, subtruncate; style slender, about 1.5 mm. long 2. T. japon 



1. Thlaspi arvense L. Gumbai-nazuna. Glabrous 

 glaucous biennial; stems erect, 20-40 cm. long, often branched; 

 leaves broadly lanceolate to narrowly ovate, 3-6 cm. long, 1- 

 2.5 cm. wide, subobtuse, short-toothed, clasping; racemes 

 elongate, 10-20 cm. long; flowers white; petals about 3.5 mm. 

 long; silicles retuse to obcordate-orbicular, 1.5 cm. long, 1-1.2 

 cm. wide, including the winged margin, sHghtly shorter than 

 the pedicel; seeds about 1.2 mm. long, wrinkled. Apr.- 

 June. Waste grounds and cultivated fields in lowlands; Hok- 

 kaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; naturalized and rather 

 common. Europe to n. Africa, n. and w. Asia to India. 



2. Thlaspi japonicum H. Boiss. Takane-cumbai. 



Tufted glaucescent glabrous perennial with short much- 

 branched caudex; stems 8-15 cm. long, firm, terete, erect, few- 

 leaved; radical leaves spathulate-elliptic, entire, obwse to 

 rounded at apex, the cauline narrowly ovate to elliptic, 1-2 

 cm. long, 7-12 mm. wide, clasping, auriculate, subacute; ra- 

 cemes elongate after flowering, 2-3 cm. long, 10- to 30-flow- 

 ered, the pedicels spreading, rather stout, as long as to slighdy 

 longer than the silicle; silicles cuneate-oblong, wingless, about 

 8 mm. long, subtruncate; style slender, about 1.5 mm. long, 

 the valves folded, wingless; seeds wingless, smoodi. Hok- 

 kaido; rare. 



6. CARDAMINE L. 



Tanetsuke-bana Zoku 



Glabrous or pubescent perennials or biennials, sometimes rhizomatous or stoloniferous; leaves simple or pinnately divided; 

 inflorescence racemose or corymbose; flowers w'hite or rose-purple, ebracteate; sepals equal; petals clawed; siliques elongate, 

 linear, the valves flat, coiled, the septum membranous, hyaline; style short or elongate; stigma simple or shallowly 2-lobed; seeds 



in 1 series, flat, winged or wingless; cot\'ledons accumbent. About 100 species in temperate to frigid regions of the world and 



in mountains, especially abundant in Europe and Asia. 



