486 



Cruciferae 



mm. wide, obtuse, entire or few-toothed, narrowed at base; short, the stigma capitellate. Rocks by the sea; Hokkaido 



flowers white, small, the pedicels 7-15 mm. long; silicles (Nemuro Prov.). Kamchatka, Kuriles, Sakhalin, and 



ovoid-oblong, 5-7 mm. long, 3-3.5 mm. wide; style slender, Ochotsk Sea region. 



10. SISYMBRIUM L. Kakane-garashi Zoku 



Annuals, biennials, or perennials usually with coarse simple hairs; cauline leaves alternate, variously divided to entire; racemes 

 usually elongate; flowers yellow or yellowish; petals often with a slender claw at base; siliques linear to narrowly so, sometimes 

 narrowed above, terete or angled, the valves often 3-nerved; style short, the stigma usually bifid; seeds in 1 series; cotyledons 

 incumbent. Many species, mainly in the Old World. 



lA. Siliques about 12 mm. long, appressed to the axis, on very short pedicels, gradually narrowed from the base to the apex; flowers small; 



biennial 1- •5- officinale 



IB. Siliques 8-10 cm. long, erect or obliquely spreading, narrowly linear, uniformly thickened from base to the apex. 

 2A. Annual or biennial herbs; siliques as broad as the stout pedicels. 



3A. Pedicels 3-4 mm. long; sepals pilose, obtuse 2. 5. orientale 



3B. Pedicels 7-10 mm. long; sepals glabrous with a mucro below the apex 3. S. altissimum 



23. Perennial herb; siliques twice as broad as the pedicel; flowers rather large 4. S. luteum 



1. Sisymbrium officinale (L.) Scop. Erysimum offici- 3. Sisymbrium altissimum L. Hatazao-garashi. Re- 



nale L. Kakine-garashi. More or less coarsely hispid- sembles the preceding; pinnae of leaves 4 or 5 pairs, the pedi- 



pilose annual or biennial herb, 30-80 cm. high with obliquely eels ascending, 7-10 mm. long; sepals glabrous; siliques 8-10 



ascending branches; leaves pinnately cleft to parted, petiolate, cm. long. May-July. Widely naturalized. ^Europe and 



the segments 2 or 3 pairs, unequal, spreading, the terminal w. Asia. 



ones relatively large and toothed, the upper leaves nearly ses- 4. Sisymbrium luteum (Maxim.) O. E. Schulz. Hes- 



sile; flowers small; petals about 3 mm. long; siliques 10-12 peris lutea Maxim. Kibana-hatazao. Coarsely pilose 



mm. long, acuminate, appressed to the axis, 1-1.2 mm. across branched perennial herb, 80-120 cm. high; leaves petiolate, the 



at base, shordy soft-pubescent, terete, the pedicels appressed to lower ones pinnate, the lateral segments 1 to 3 pairs, the ter- 



the axis, slenderer than the silique, 2-3 mm. long. ^May- minal ones narrowly deltoid-ovate, 8-12 cm. long, 3-5 cm. 



July. Naturalized; Honshu (near Tokyo). wide, acute, short-toothed; racemes elongate after anthesis, 



Var. leiocarpum DC. Hama-garashi. Siliques glabrous die pedicels 12-15 mm. long, ascending; sepals 8-9 mm. long, 



Namralized in Hokkaido and Honshu (near Tokyo). — — more or less coarsely pilose; petals yellow, 12-13 mm. long; 



Europe, w. Asia, and N. America. siliques narrowly linear, 8-10 cm. long; stigma shallowly 



2. Sisymbrium orientale L. 5. columnae var. orientale bilobed. May-June. Honshu (centr. distr.), Kyushu (Tsu- 



(L.) DC. Inu-kakine-garashi. Resembles the preced- shima) ; rare. Korea and Manchuria. 



ing; pedicels erect, stout; petals about 6 mm. long, narrowly 

 spathulate; siliques 7-8 cm. long, narrowly linear. ^May- 

 July. NaturaUzed in our area.— Eurasia. 



11. BARBAREA R. Br. Yama-garashi Zoku 



Erect branched glabrous biennials or perennials; leaves lyrate to sinuately pinnatifid or entire; flowers yellow, sometimes 

 bracteate; sepals equal; petals clawed, obovate; siliques linear, compressed-tetragonous or subcompressed, the valves costate or 



keeled; style short, the stigma capitate or bifid; seeds in 1 series, oblong, elliptic, sometimes margined; cotyledons accumbent. 



About 10 species, in temperate and cold regions. 



1. Barbarea orthoceras Ledeb. S. cochlearijolia H. 

 Boiss.; B. patens H. Boiss.; Sisymbrium japonicum H. Boiss.; 

 B. vulgaris lusus sibirica Regel; B. sibirica (Regel) Nakai; B. 

 hondoensis Nakai; B. vulgaris var. striata sensu auct. Japon., 



non Regel ^Yama-garashi, Miyama-garashi. Deep green 



glabrous perennial herb, 20-40 cm. high; stems striate, 

 branched above; radical leaves petiolate, lyrate, the terminal 

 segments large, ovate to cordate, 1-3 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, 

 the lateral segments to 5 pairs, smaller, the cauline leaves 



nearly equal, decurrent and auricula te at base, clasping; ra- 

 cemes elongate after anthesis, erect, many-flowered, the pedi- 

 cels slender; petals yellow, 7-8 mm. long, obovate; siliques 

 erect or ascending, 3-4 cm. long, about 1.5 mm. wide, flat, 



straight; seeds thinly margined, 1.5-2 mm. long. May- 



Aug. Wet places especially along streams and around ponds 

 in high mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. distr.). 

 e. Siberia, Kamchatka, Manchuria, Korea, Sakhalin, Ku- 

 riles, and N. America. 



12. RORIPPA Scop. Inu-garashi Zoku 



Branched annuals or perennials, glabrous or with simple hairs; leaves entire, lobed or parted; flowers yellow, sometimes solitary 

 in upper axils, usually in racemes; sepals short, equal, spreading; petals slightly clawed, spreading or rarely absent; stamens 6 

 or fewer; siliques often curved, nearly terete, on spreading or arcuate sometimes very short pedicels, the valves membranous, 

 weakly 1-nerved or nerveless; style short or rather long, the stigma simple or 2-lobed; seeds in 2 series, small, turgid; cotyledons 

 accumbent. About 50 species, in temperate and warmer regions of the N. Hemisphere, few in the S. Hemisphere. 



