516 Pittosporaceae; Hamamelidaceae 



6-10 cm. long, 2.5-4 cm. wide, gradually acuminate, some- base, the stigma dilated; ovary 3- to 4-angled; capsules with 



times with an obtuse tip, petiolate, the margin barely undulate thin-coriaceous valves. May-June. Honshu (Harima 



and cartilaginous; flowers 1-4, in the upper axils; petals about Prov.) ; rare. 

 8 mm. long; style about 2.5 mm. long, thickened toward the 



Fam. 103. HAMAMELIDACEAE Mansaku Ka Witch-hazel Family 



Evergreen or deciduous shrubs or trees, with simple or stellate pubescence or glabrous; leaves alternate, rarely opposite, petio- 

 late, simple or palmately lobed, entire or toothed, the stipules 2, deciduous or persistent, rarely absent; flowers in heads or spikes, 

 rather small, unisexual or bisexual; perianth sometimes wholly reduced in the staminate flowers; calyx-tube adnate more or less 

 to the ovary, the calyx-limb truncate or 5-lobed, the lobes valvate or imbricate in bud; petals 4, 5 or sometimes many or absent, 

 linear to obovate, imbricate or valvate in bud; stamens 4 to many; ovary 2-locular, inferior, subinferior, or rarely superior; 



carpels 2; ovules 1 to many in each locule, anatropous, pendulous; styles subulate, persistent; capsules woody, bipartite. 



About 23 genera, with about 150 species, in the temperate to subtropical regions of both hemispheres, except Europe. 



lA. Leaves palmately nerved; ovules several in each locule 1. Disanthus 



IB. Leaves penninerved; ovules solitary in each locule. 

 2A. Petals present. 



3A. Leaves evergreen; flowers white, the petals linear 2. Loropetalum 



3B. Leaves deciduous; flowers yellowish to brownish red. 



4A. Flowers 4-merous, in pairs on a short peduncle, the petals linear 3. Hamamelis 



43. Flowers 5-merous, in spikes, the petals spathulate to narrowly obovate 4. Corylopsis 



2B. Petals absent; evergreen trees; ovary superior 5. Distylium 



1. DISANTHUS Maxim. Maruba-no-ki Zoku 



Deciduous glabrous shrub; leaves long-petiolate, palmately 5- to 7-nerved, entire, cordate or ovate-orbicular, obtuse to subacute, 

 glaucescent beneath, the stipules rather large, caducous; flowers paired, bisexual, sessile on top of the peduncle; calyx-5-lobed, 

 pilose, the lobes recurved; petals 5, linear-lanceolate, dark purple, caudate; stamens 5, very short; ovary superior; styles short; 



capsules obcordate, bifid, rather large; seeds several in each locule, black, shining. One species in Japan and possibly also in 



China. 



1. Disanthus cercidifolius Maxim. Maruba-no-ki, 3-10 mm. long; flowers about 12 mm. across; calyx hairy, the 



Beni-mansaku. Leaves 5-12 cm. long and equally wide, lobes short, recurved; capsules 15-17 mm. long and equally 



somewhat cordate, entire, smooth; stipules small in adult wide. Oct.-Nov. Honshu (sw. part of centr. distr. and 



plants, large and leaflike in young vigorous plants; peduncles Aki Prov.), Shikoku; rare. China (.?). 



2. LOROPETALUM R. Br. Tokiwa-mansaku Zoku 



Small evergreen tree, stellate-pubescent; leaves alternate, oblong or obliquely ovate, entire, penninerved, abrupdy acute; stipules 

 membranous, deciduous; flowers 6-8 in short pedunculate heads, white; calyx-lobes 4; petals 4, broadly linear; stamens 4, very 



short; ovary subinferior; styles 2; capsules broadly obovoid, 4-parted; seeds solitary in each locule, black, shining. One species, 



in Japan, China, and n. India. 



1. Loropetalum chinense Oliv. Toktwa-mansaku. 2-3 mm. long, obtuse; petals about 20 mm. long, about 2.5 



Small tree with stellate pubescence; branches dark brown, mm. wide; anthers about 0.7 mm. long, the appendage of the 



slender; leaves obliquely ovate or obliquely oblong, 2-4 cm. connective nearly as long as the anther; capsules 6-7 mm. long. 



long, 1-2 cm. wide, deep green above, whitish beneath with May. Honshu (Ise Prov.); rare. 



raised veinlets, the petioles 3-5 mm. long; calyx-lobes ovate, 



3. HAMAMELIS L. Mansaku Zoku 



Deciduous shrubs or trees with stellate pubescence; leaves short-petiolate, alternate, simple, oblique, deeply undulate-toothed; 

 stipules deciduous; flowers bisexual, 4-merous, in axillary, short-pedunculate, few-flowered clusters; calyx 4-parted, adnate to the 

 ovary at base, the lobes ovate, obtuse, persistent, stellate-pubescent; petals linear, yellow or reddish yellow; stamens 4, short, the 

 staminodia alternate with the stamens; styles short; ovary subinferior or nearly superior; capsules ellipsoidal, 2-fid, the valves 

 bifid again; seeds 2, black, shining, oblong. Few species, in N. America and e. Asia. 



1. Hamamelis japonica Sieb. & Zucc. H. arborea Ot- young, the lateral nerves 6 to 8 pairs, the petioles 5-12 mm. 



tol.; H. zuccariniana Ottol. Mansaku. Deciduous shrub long; calyx-lobes elliptic, reflexed; petals about 2 cm. long, 



or small tree; leaves rhombic-orbicular, broadly ovate or obo- yellow; capsules with persistent calyx-lobes near the base. 



vate, 4-12 cm. long, 3-8 cm. wide, slightly oblique at the base. Mar .-Apr. Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; very vari- 



deltoid on the upper half, subobtuse, stellate-pubescent while able. 



