ROSACEAE 



527 



brous. July-Aug. Rocks and dry slopes in alpine regions; 



Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr.); rare. Widespread in 



northern and alpine regions of the N. Hemisphere. 



7. Potentilla megalantha Takeda. P. jragijormis subsp. 

 megalantha (Takeda) Hult.; P. fragiformis sensu Maxim., non 



Willd. Chishima-kimb.ai. Densely long-silky perennial 



with short-creeping stout branching rhizomes; stems 10-30 

 cm. long, few-leaved; radical leaves tufted, 5-15 cm. long; 

 stipules brown, membranous, the free segments broadly ovate, 

 oblique, acute; leaflets 3, broadly obovate-cuneate, 3^ cm. 

 long and nearly as wide, with ovate obtuse coarse teeth, rather 

 thick-herbaceous to coriaceous-herbaceous, densely pubescent 

 especially beneath; flowers 3-7, 3-4 cm. across; caly.x-segments 

 narrowly ovate, subacute, 6-15 mm. long; bracts of caliculus 

 ovate, obtuse, rather small; receptacle short-pilose; achenes 

 broadly ovoid, about 1.5 mm. long, with obsolete striations, 

 acutely keeled on the back; styles filiform, 3-3.5 mm. long. 

 July-.'\ug. Rocky places or on rocks near the sea; Hok- 

 kaido. Sakhalin, Kuriles, and Kamchatka. 



8. Potentilla matsumurae T. Wolf. P. gelida sensu auct. 



Japon., non C. A. Mey. Miyama-kimbai. Fig. 8. Perennial 



herb with more or less coarse pubescence; rhizomes stout, 

 short, sparsely branching; stems 10-20 cm. long, few-leaved; 

 sdpules brown, subscarious, the segments broadly ovate, obtuse 

 to subacute, green and ovate on the cauline leaves; leaflets 3, 

 broadly obovate-cuneate, 1.5-3 cm. long and nearly as wide, 

 slightly paler beneath, with few usually ovate acute teeth on 

 each side e.xcept toward the base; flowers 1-10, about 20 mm. 

 across; calyx-segments narrowly ovate, acute, 4-5 mm. long; 

 bracts of caliculus oblong, obtuse; petals obovate-orbicular, 

 about twice as long as the calyx-segments; receptacle short- 

 pilose; achenes ovoid, smooth, 1.2-1.5 mm. long, nearly 

 rounded on back; styles filiform, about 3 mm. long. July- 

 Aug. Dry alpine slopes; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. and n. 

 distr.) ; rather common and slighdy variable. 



Var. lasiocarpa Hara. Ke-mivama-kimbai. Carpels 



long-hairy. Hokkaido and Honshu (n. distr.). 



9. Potentilla discolor Bunge. Tsuchiguri. Perennial 

 herb with stout rhizomes; stems 15-40 cm. long, densely 

 white-woolly while young, sparingly long-pilose, few-leaved; 

 radical leaves tufted, 8-20 cm. long; stipules white-woolly, 

 membranous, the segments short, lanceolate, acute, green and 

 ovate with few teeth in the cauline ones; leaflets i-7 (rarely 

 9), oblong to narrowly so, 2^ cm. long, 8-15 mm. wide, ob- 

 tuse to acute, green, with thin woolly pubescence above while 

 young, densely white-woolly tomentose beneath, the nerves 

 beneath with appressed long pilose hairs while young, the 

 marginal teeth broadly ovate, subacute; inflorescence few- to 

 many-flowered; flowers 12-15 mm. across; calyx-segments nar- 

 nowly ovate, acute, 3-4 mm. long; bracts of caliculus slightly 

 smaller; petals 5, about twice as long as the calyx-segments, 

 broadly obovate; receptacle hairy; achenes ovoid, nearly 

 smooth and glabrous, brown, about 1 mm. long, rounded on 



back; styles rather stout, about 1 mm. long. Apr.-June. 



Honshu (Kinki Distr.), Kyushu. Formosa, China, Man- 

 churia, and Korea. 



10. Potentilla fragarioides L. var. major Maxim. P. 

 jragarioidcs var. sprengeliana (Regel) Maxim.; P. sprcngcliana 



Lehm.; P. rtijescens Fr. & Sav. Kiji-mushiro. Perennial 



more or less pubescent or pilose herb with short stout rhi- 

 zomes; stems 5-30 cm. long, often ascending at base, with 

 coarse long hairs; leaflets of the radical leaves 5-7 (rarely 3-9), 



the lower pairs gradually smaller, the upper 3 nearly equal, 

 larger, broadly ovate to elliptic, 1.5-5 cm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, 

 obtuse to subrounded, the teeth broadly ovate or rather del- 

 toid; stipules membranous, coarsely pilose outside, the seg- 

 ments broadly lanceolate, acute, green and ovate with few 

 teeth in the cauline ones; flowers few to many, rather large, 

 15-20 mm. across; calyx-segments narrowly ovate to broadly 

 lanceolate, subacute, 4-8 mm. long, the bracts of caliculus equal 

 or slightly smaller; petals 1.5-2 times as long as the calyx-seg- 

 ments; receptacle hairy; achenes ovoid, finely rugulose, 1-1.2 



mm. long, glabrous; styles rather stout, 1-1.5 mm. long. 



Mar.-Aug. Sunny slopes and waste grounds in lowlands 

 and on mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; 



very variable. e. Asia. The typical phase occurs in Siberia, 



India, and China. 



11. Potentilla togasii Ohwi. Echigo-kiji-mushiro. 

 Thinly pubescent, green perennial; rhizomes stout, sometimes 

 branched; radical leaves many, 15-35 cm. long, much shorter 

 at anthesis, the leaflets usually 3, membranous, sometimes 

 with a pair of much smaller ones on the petiole, the terminal 

 rhombic-ovate, 4-10 cm. long, 2-6 cm. wide, toothed, acute 

 or nearly so at both ends; flowers yellow, 15-20 mm. across; 

 sepals and bracts of caliculus deltoid-lanceolate; petals 5, 



orbicular; receptacles white-pilose. May-June. Honshu 



(Japan Sea side from Uzen to Etchu). 



12. Potentilla stolonifera Lehm. P. jragarioidcs var. 

 flagellaris Lehm.; P. fragarioides var. stolonifera (Lehm.) 

 Maxim.; P. fragariformis var. japonica A. Gray; P. japonica 



Bl. TsuRU-Kiji-MOSHiRO. Closely allied to No. 10; 



stolons elongate; stems rather fewer flowered. Sunny slopes 



on mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Ku- 

 riles, Sakhalin, and Kamchatka. 



13. Potentilla yokusaiana Makino. P. freyniana var. 



grandiflora T. Wolf. Tsuru-kimbai. Rather soft vivid 



green perennial herb with loose pubescence and long slender 

 loosely leaved stolons; rhizomes short, not or very slightly 

 thickened; stems 10-20 cm. long; radical leaves 3-foliolate, 

 petioled; stipules membranous, pale, the segments narrowly 

 ovate, acute, green on the stolons; leaflets 3 or very rarely 

 with an additional small pair on the upper part of the petiole, 

 membranous, rhombic ovate to broadly so, acute to short- 

 acuminate (acute to obtuse in the radical leaves), 1.5-4 cm. 

 long, 1.2-3 cm. wide, rather deeply and acutely toothed; flow- 

 ers few, 15-20 mm. across; calyx-segments narrowly ovate to 

 broadly lanceolate, acuminate; bracts of caliculus nearly alike; 

 petals 1.5 times as long as the calyx-segments; receptacle hairy 

 on margin; achenes glabrous, the srj'le about 2 mm. long, 



nearly filiform. Apr.-June. Wooded mountains; Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu. 



14. Potentilla freyniana Bornm. P. ternata (Maxim.) 



Freyn, non C. Koch; P. fragarioides var. ternata Maxim. 



MiTsuBA-TsucHicuRi. Perennial short-pilose herb, with short 

 slender stolons; rhizomes short and stout; stems 15-30 cm. 

 long, slender; stipules of radical leaves pale green to brownish; 

 leaflets 3 (rarely also with a pair of small accessory leaflets on 

 the upper part of the petiole), oblong to ovate or obovate, 

 rounded to subacute, toothed, rather thin, green above, often 

 somewhat purplish beneath; flowers rather many, 10-15 mm. 

 across; calyx-segments broadly lanceolate, acute; bracts of 

 caliculus slightly smaller; petals 1.5 times as long as the calyx- 

 segments; receptacle slightly pilose; achenes about 1 mm. long, 

 pale, rugulose, glabrous; styles rather stout, about 1 mm. long. 



