548 



ROSACEAE 



26. MALUS Mill. 



RiNGO ZoKU 



Deciduous shrubs or trees, often spiny; leaves alternate, toothed, petioled, simple or sometimes lobed, convolute or conduplicate 

 in bud, stipulate; inflorescence a corymb; flowers white or pale pink; calyx-teeth 5; petals 5, suborbicular; stamens 15-50, the 

 anthers yellow; ovary inferior, 3- to 5-IocuIar; styles 3-5, connate at base; fruit a pome usually without stone cells, sometimes 



with persistent calyx-teeth at apex, rarely punctulate on outer pericarp. About 30 species, in the temperate regions of the 



N. Hemisphere. 



lA. Leaves always undivided, convolute in bud. 

 2A. Calyx-lobes ovate, as long as to shorter than the tube. 

 3 A. Calyx-lobes subobtuse; styles 4 or 5; fruit pyriform. 



4A. Flowers rose-colored, nodding, on slender pedicels 3-4 cm. long; leaves ovate to narrowly so; calyx-lobes erect. . . I. M. halliana 



4B. Flowers white to pinkish, on pedicels 2-2.5 cm. long; leaves obovate; calyx-lobes spreading 2. M. spontanea 



3B. Calyx-lobes acute to subacuminate; styles 3 or 4; fruit ellipsoidal 3. Af. hupehensis 



2B. Calyx-lobes narrowly lanceolate, longer than the calyx-tube, acuminate 4. M. baccata var. mandshurica 



IB. Leaves conduplicate in bud, usually lobed in those of vigorous shoots. 



5A. Calyx -limb deciduous after anthesis; fruit 5-7 mm. in diameter 5. M. sieboldii 



5B. Calyx-limb persistent after anthesis; fruit 2-3 cm. in diameter 6. M. tschonoskfi 



1. Malus halliana Koehne. Pyrus halliana (Koehne) elliptic-ovate, sometimes oblong, 4-10 cm. long, 2.5-5 cm. wide, 



Voss Kaido. Shrub, the branches thinly pubescent while abrupdy acute, obtuse to broadly cuneate at base, rather loosely 



young; leaves ovate to narrowly so or elliptic, 3-6 cm. long, and irregularly serrulate, with yellowish brown soft pubescence 



1-3 cm. wide, acute, acute to broadly cuneate at base, obtusely while young, later glabrate or thinly pubescent on both sides, 



serrulate, nearly glabrous, the petioles about 1 cm. long, thinly the petioles pubescent, 1.5-3.5 cm. long; flowers white, about 



pubescent; flowers deep pink, rather large, semi-expanded, 3.5 cm. across, the pedicels 3-4 cm. long, pubescent to nearly 



nodding on long slender nearly glabrous purplish pedicels glabrous; calyx pubescent to glabrescent, the lobes 5, narrowly 



3-6 cm. long; calyx nearly glabrous, the teeth narrowly ovate, lanceolate, long-acuminate, white-pubescent inside; styles 4 or 



acute to obtuse, erect, pubescent inside; styles 4 or 5, white- 5, white-villous inside; fruit dark red, globose, about 8 mm. 



villous at base. Apr.-May. Introduced from China, with across. Reported to be spontaneous in Hokkaido, Honshu 



the following cultivars grown in our area: (centr. and n. distr.). ^Manchuria, n. China, Ussuri, Korea, 



Cv. Parkmannii. Pyrus malus var. par\mannii Temple; P. Sakhalin, and s. Kuriles. The typical phase occurs in Siberia 



par\mannii Hort.; P. halliana var. pa7-\mannii (Temple) and e. Asia. 



L. H. Bailey; M. floribunda var. par\mannii (Temple) Koidz. 5. Malus sieboldii (Regel) Rehd. Pyrus sieboldii Regel; 

 Yae-kaido. Flowers double. P. toringo Miq.; M. sargentii Rehd.; P. sargentii (Rehd.) 



Cv. Pendula. M. floribunda forma pendula Koidz. Bean; M. sieboldii var. kpringo forma sargentii (Rehd.) 



Shidare-kaido. Branches pendulous. Koidz. Zumi. Large shrub or small tree, the young 



2. Malus spontanea (Makino) Makino. M. floribunda branches usually pubescent; leaves of fertile branches oblong, 

 var. spontanea Makino; M. halliana var. spontanea (Makino) ovate or narrowly so, 3-8 cm. long, those of sterile shoots often 



Koidz. No-kaid6. Small tree; leaves obovate or nar- broadly ovate, to 8 cm. long, 3- to 5-cleft, irregularly serrulate, 



rowly so or elliptic, 3-5 cm. long, 1.5-3 cm. wide, acute to acute or abruptly so, pubescent on both sides at least while 

 subacute, cuneate to acute at base, glabrous although soft young, the petioles 1.5-3 cm. long, rather slender, pubescent; 

 pubescent on upper side while young, with incurved minute flowers white, suffused with pink in bud, 2.5-3 cm. across, on 

 teeth, the petioles 1-3 cm. long, slender, thinly pubescent; slender, spreading, pubescent to glabrous pedicels 2-3.5 cm. 

 flowers white to pinkish, rather large, on slender glabrous long; calyx glabrous to pubescent, the lobes narrowly lanceo- 

 pedicels 2-2.5 cm. long; calyx glabrous, the teeth ovate to late, long-acuminate; styles 3-4, white-pubescent at base; fruit 

 narrowly so, subobtuse, spreading, white-pubescent inside; globose, 5-7 mm. across, red, rounded at both ends. ^May- 

 petals 5, spreading, broadly ovate; style 4, white-villous at June. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; 

 base; fruit pyriform, 6-8 mm. across, red, rounded at apex. common and variable. Korea. 



May. Mountains; Kyushu (Mount Kirishima) . Var. zumi (Matsum.) Asami. M. zumi (Matsum.) Rehd.; 



3. Malus hupehensis (Pampan.) Rehd. Pyrus hupe- Pyrus zumi Matsum.; M. baccata var. mandshurica forma 



hensis Pampan.; M. theijera Rehd.; P. theifera (Rehd.) L. H. zumi (Matsum.) Matsum. O-zumi. Leaves nearly al- 



Bailey ^Tsukushi-kaido, Cha-kaido. Small tree; leaves ways undivided, those on the fertile branches nearly or par- 

 coriaceous, usually ovate, subobtuse to obtuse, toothed, densely tially not toothed; styles usually 4-5. Honshu; rare. 



white-woolly on the midrib on both surfaces and on the peti- 6. Malus tschonoskii (Maxim.) C. K. Schn. Pyrus 



oles while young, glabrate on both sides or the pubescence tschonos\ii Maxim.; Eriolobus tschonos\ii (Maxim.) Rehd.; 



persistent on the nerves beneath; flowers white, on glabrous Cormus tschonos\ii (Maxim.) "K-oiAt..; Macromeles tschonos\ii 



pedicels; calyx glabrous outside, the lobes deltoid-ovate, acute, (Maxim.) Koidz.; Docyniopsis tschonoskii (Maxim.) Koidz. 



villous inside; styles 4, villous at base; fruit rounded at both O-urajiro-no-ki, Zumi-no-ki. Tree, the young branches 



ends, on pedicels 2.5-3.5 cm. long. Reported to be spon- densely woolly-pubescent; leaves thinly chartaceous, ovate to 



taneous in Kyushu (HigoProv.). China and n. India. broadly so, 5-13 cm. long, 4-8 cm. wide, abruptly acute to 



4. Malus baccata Borkh. var. mandshurica (Maxim.) short-acuminate, rounded to subcordate at base, deciduous 

 C. K. Schn. M. cerasifera Spach; Pyrus baccata var. mand- woolly-tomentose on both sides while young, becoming gla- 



shurica Maxim.; M. mandshurica (Maxim.) Komar. Ezo- brous above, irregularly incised-toothed, and lobulate to in- 



No-Ko-RiNGO, HiRo-HA-zuMi. Small tree; leaves broadly cised, the petioles 2-4 cm. long, densely white-pubescent; flow- 



