620 



ViTACEAE : Elaeocarpaceae 



mm. across; disc 5-toothed; fruit globose, red. July-Aug. 



Thickets and woods; Honshu (Kii, Yamato, and Chiigoku 



Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus and Formosa. 



Ampelopsis japonica (Thunb.) Makino. Paullinia japon- 

 ica Thunb.; A. serjaniaefolia Bunge Kagamigusa, Byaku- 



REN. Leaves palmate, with ternate-pinnate leaflets on a 

 jointed, winged rachis; flowers pale yellow, in pedunculate 

 cymes. A climber from China, rarely cultivated for medic- 

 inal purposes. 



3. PARTHENOCISSUS Planch. Tsuta Zoku 



Deciduous, rarely evergreen vines, the branchlets with white pith, the tendrils ending in a discoid sucker; leaves simple, 

 ternate, or palmately compound, long-petiolate; cymes compound, opposite a leaf or crowded into a terminal panicle; flowers 

 bisexual, rarely polygamous, small; petals 5, rarely 4, spreading; disc indistinct; style short, thick; ovary 2-locular, the ovules 2 in 

 each locule; berry bluish black, 1- to 4-seeded. About 10 species, in e. Asia, Himalayas, and N. America. 



1. Parthenocissus tricuspidata (Sieb. & Zucc.) Planch. 

 Ampelopsis tricuspidata Sieb. & Zucc; Cissus thunbergii Sieb. 

 & Zucc; Vitis inconstans Miq.; V. taquetii Lev.; Psedera tri- 

 cuspidata (Sieb. & Zucc.) Rehd.; Psedera thunbergii (Sieb. & 



Zucc.) Nakai. Tsuta, Natsuzuta. Woody vine, glabrous 



except on nerves of leaves, especially beneath and on upper part 

 of petioles; suckers of tendrils orbicular; leaves polymorphic, 

 usually thick and lustrous, those on the short spurs 3-lobed, 

 cordate at base, with rounded outer edges, the lobes deltoid 

 and acuminate, 5-12 cm. long and as wide, with loose, obtuse 

 and mucronate coarse teeth, leaves on the long shoots smaller 



and thinner, broadly ovate, sometimes trifoliolate; inflores- 

 cence short-pedunculate, usually on a short spur, 3-6 cm. long; 

 fruit purplish black, globose, 5-7 mm. across; seeds 1-3, obo- 



vate-rounded, 4-5 mm. long. June-July. Thickets and 



woods in hills and mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, 

 Kyushu; common and widely planted in hedges and for 



covering walls, with several cultivars grown in gardens. 



Korea and China. 



The North American Parthenocissus quinquefolia 

 Planch., Amerika-zuta, with 5-foliolate leaves is sometimes 

 cultivated in our area. 



4. CAYRATIA Juss. Yabu-karashi Zoku 



Woody or herbaceous vines with usually divided tendrils; leaves alternate, ternate or pedately 5- to 9-foliolate, the leaflets 

 petioluled; inflorescence axillary, cymose or umbellate; flowers small, 4-merous, bisexual; calyx-lobes indistinct; petals spreading; 

 disc 4-lobed, small, thin, adnate to the ovary; style filiform or linear; berry 2- to 4-seeded, the seeds 1- or 2-grooved on the ventral 

 side. ^More than 10 species, in e. and s. Asia. 



lA. Branchlets puberulous; inflorescence and petals with short granular hairs; terminal leaflets narrowly ovate or oblong; seeds with broad, 

 transverse ridges on each side on back, the central part of the back with a narrow scarcely impressed longitudinal band. 



I.e. japonica 



IB. Branches and inflorescence glabrous; terminal leaflets broadly lanceolate; seeds with narrow, transverse, much raised ridges on each 

 side on back, the central part with a longitudinal impressed band broader than the sides 2. C. corniculata 



1. Cayratia japonica (Thunb.) Gagnep. Vitis japonica 

 Thunb.; Cissus japonicus (Thunb.) Willd.; Columella japonica 



(Thunb.) Merr. Yabu-kakashi. Herbaceous vine with 



much-elongate rhizomes; stems much elongate, branched, stri- 

 ate, the young parts furfuraceous, short-puberulent, purplish, 

 flat, the tendrils usually bifid; stipules ovate-deltoid, scarious- 

 margined, ciliate; leaves petiolate, pedately 5-foliolate, the 

 terminal leaflets narrowly ovate or oblong, 4-8 cm. long, 2-4.5 

 cm. wide, short-acuminate, mucronate, acute at base, with 

 shallow undulate, spreadingly mucronate teeth, puberulous on 

 the midrib on both sides, the petiolules 1-3 cm. long, the 

 lateral leaflets smaller; inflorescence with short granular hairs; 

 flowers short-pedicellate, about 5 mm. across; petals 4, green, 

 deflexed, deltoid-ovate, about 3 mm. long, obtuse with an in- 

 flexed tip, granular outside; disc yellowish or reddish; fruit 

 globose, black; seeds on the back with broad transverse raised 

 ridges on each side and with a narrow scarcely impressed 

 longitudinal band. July-Aug. Thickets and hedges in low- 

 lands and hills; very common. Ryukyus, China, India, and 



Malaysia. 



Var. dentata (Makino) Honda. Cissus japonica var. dentata 



Makino Hiiragi-yaeu-karashi. Leaflets incisely dentate. 



Kyushu. 



2. Cayratia corniculata (Benth.) Gagnep. Vitis cornic- 

 ulata Benth.; Cissus corniculata (Benth.) Planch.; C. yoshi- 



murae Makino; Cayratia yoshimurae (Makino) Honda 



Akami-no-budo. Resembles the preceding species; stems 



slender, glabrous; leaflets diinner, green, the nerves on upper 

 side minutely puberulous, nearly glabrous beneath, with un- 

 dulate, spreading, mucronate shallow teeth, the terminal leaf- 

 lets larger, broadly lanceolate, 4-9 cm. long, 1.5-3.5 cm. wide, 

 acuminate, obtuse to acute at base; inflorescence glabrous, 

 peduncled; fruit globose, 7-12 cm. across, purplish red at first, 

 becoming black at maturity; seeds 1-4, broadly obovate, about 

 7 mm. long, with a narrow transverse raised ridge on each 

 side, the central part with a longitudinal impressed band 



broader than the sides. June. Kyushu (s. distr.); rare. 



Ryukyus and China. 



Fam. 131. ELAEOCARPACEAE Horuto-no-ki Ka Elaeocarpus Family 



Trees with simple, alternate, rarely opposite, stipulate leaves; flowers usually bisexual, actinomorphic, 4- or 5-merous; sepals 

 valvate, free or connate at base; petals free, rarely connate at base, often deeply laciniate, valvate or induplicate, rarely imbricate, 

 not contorted, rarely absent; receptacle sometimes elevated and stipelike; stamens free, the anthers 2-locular, usually opening by 



