626 



Sterculiaceae; Actinidiaceae 



ciliate; calyx cup-shaped, shorter than the bracteoles, 5-toothed; 

 petals rose-colored, twice as long as the calyx and nearly as 

 long as the bracteoles, obovate, about 7 mm. long; capsules 

 depressed-globose, about 5 mm. across, coarsely hirsute, the 



seeds grayish brown, with black spots, about 2.5 mm. long. 



Aug.-Oct. Shikoku, Kyushu. ^Widely distributed as a 



tropical weed. 



Fam. 135. ACTINIDIACEAE Mata-tabi Ka Actinidia Family 



Trees or shrubs, often scandent; leaves alternate, petiolate, simple, often membranous, toothed, without stipules; inflores- 

 cence small, in axillary cymes or fascicles; flowers unisexual, bisexual, or polygamous (plants rarely dioecious); sepals 5, im- 

 bricate, free; petals 5, imbricate or subcontorted; stamens many, free or adnate to the petals, the anthers versatile; ovary superior, 

 (3-) 5- or many-locular, with many ovules in each locule; styles 5 to many, free or connate at the top; fruit a berry or capsule; 

 seeds many with copious endosperm. Four genera and about 280 species, in the Tropics, few in temperate regions. 



1. ACTINIDIA Lindl. Mata-tabi Zoku 



Deciduous scandent polygamodioecious shrubs; leaves alternate, long-petiolate, simple, toothed or rarely entire; flowers solitary 

 or in axillary cymes, white, rarely reddish; sepals 5, imbricate; petals 5 or rarely 4, contorted; stamens many, the anthers ver- 

 satile; ovary superior, many-locular; styles many, linear, radiate; fruit a many-seeded berry; seeds small, with endosperm. 



About 25 species, in e. and s. Asia, and India. 



lA. Leaves thick, green and lustrous; anthers dark -purple; fruit ellipsoidal. 

 2 A. Leaves green beneath; inflorescence more or less brown pubescent. 



3A. Inflorescence and sepals densely rusty-brown villous; ovary villous 1. A. rufa 



3B. Inflorescence pale brown pubescent; sepals ciliate; ovary glabrous 2. A. arguta 



2B. Leaves glaucescent beneath; inflorescence and sepals nearly glabrous 3). A. hypoleuca 



IB. Leaves membranous, vivid green, scarcely lustrous, those near the inflorescence white on upper half on upper side; anthers pale yellow; 

 fruit narrowed toward apex. 

 4A. Leaves rounded to acute at base; flowers usually I, rarely 2 or 3, in axils of the middle portion of young branchlets, about 2.5 cm. 



in diameter; pith solid '^. A. polygama 



4B. Leaves at least some of them cordate; flowers 3, rarely 1 or 2, in axils of lower portion of young branchlets; pith lamellate. 



5. A. kplomi\ta 



1. Actinidia rufa (Sieb. & Zucc.) Planch. Trochostigma Shikoku, Kyushu. s. Kuriles, Sakhalin, Ussuri, Manchuria, 



rufa Sieb. & Zucc; A. callosa var. rufa (Sieb. & Zucc.) Makino; and Korea. 



A. rufa var. typica Dunn; A. arguta var. (?) rufa (Sieb. & Var. platyphylla (A. Gray) Nakai. A. platyphylla A. 



Zucc.) Maxim.; A. \iusiana Koidz. Shima-saru-nashi, Gray; A. japonica'i^akai ^Kokuwa. Under side of leaves 



Nashi-kazura. Branchlets lenticellate, elongate, reddish callose-hairy. 



brown-woolly while young, soon becoming glabrous; leaves 3. Actinidia hypoleuca Nakai. Urajiro-mata-tabi. 



elliptic to broadly so, or ovate-elliptic, 6-13 cm. long, 4-8 cm. Branchlets glabrous, nearly smooth; leaves oblong, 6-10 cm. 



wide, acuminate or abruptly so, rounded to shallowly cordate long, 3-6 cm. wide, abruptly short-acuminate, rounded to 



at base, loosely serrate with shallow callose-pointed teeth, pale abruptly acute at base, mucronate-serrulate, whitish and 



green, glabrous on upper side, rusty-brown pubescent on nerves with rusty-brown axillary tufts of hairs on the nerves beneath, 



beneath while young, persisting as axillary tuft of hairs, the the petioles 2-6 cm. long; inflorescence on upper part of 



petioles 3-6 cm. long; inflorescence on middle part of the branchlets, 1- to 10-flowered, puberulent; flowers white, 1-1.5 



branchlets, rusty-brown villous, 1- to 8-flowered, shorter than cm. across; sepals broadly ovate, glabrescent; ovary glabrous; 



the petioles; flowers 1-1.5 cm. across; fruit broadly ellipsoidal, fruit 2-3 cm. long, broadly ellipsoidal, with light colored spots. 



2-3 cm. long, with light brown spots. May-June. Honshu May-June. Honshu (Awa and westw.), Shikoku, Kyu- 



(Kii Prov., Chiigoku Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. Ryukyus shu. 



and s. Korea. 4. Actinidia polygama (Sieb. & Zucc.) Maxim. Tro- 



2. Actinidia arguta (Sieb. & Zucc.) Planch, ex Miq. chostigma polygama Sieb. & Zucc; T. volubilis Sieb. & Zucc; 

 Trochostigma arguta Sieb. & Zucc; A. rufa var. arguta (Sieb. A. polygama var. latifolia Miq.; A. volubilis (Sieb. & Zucc.) 



& Zucc.) Dunn; A. callosa var. arguta (Sieb. & Zucc.) Makino Miq.; A. repanda Honda, excl. basionym. Mata-tabi. 



Saru-nashi. Woody scandent shrub, branchlets nearly Branches rather slender, the pith solid, the branchlets brownish 



glabrous, smooth, the pith lamellate; leaves thin, elliptic or pubescent while young, sometimes thinly callose-hairy; leaves 



broadly so, sometimes broadly ovate, 6-10 cm. long, 3.5-7 cm. thin, broadly ovate to elliptic, sometimes oblong, 6-15 cm. 



wide, abruptly short-acuminate, rounded to shallowly cordate long, 3.5-8 cm. wide, acuminate to abruptly so, rounded to 



at base, mucronate-serrulate, glabrous on upper side, rusty- shallowly cordate at base, mucronate-serrulate, usually with 



brown pubescent on nerves beneath while young, persisting in scattered callose hairs on upper side and on nerves beneath, 



the nerve axils, the petioles rather slender, 2-8 cm. long; in- with axillary tufts of pale brown hairs beneath, the petioles 



florescence axillary on upper part of branchlets, 1- to 10-flow- 3-6 cm. long; leaves near inflorescence white on upper half; 



ered, rusty-brown pubescent; flowers 1-1.3 cm. across, white; inflorescence 1- to 3-flowered, axillary, pale brown-pubescent, 



sepals ciliate, ovate-rounded; ovary glabrous; fruit broadly shorter than the petioles; flowers white, pendulous, 2-2.5 cm. 



ellipsoidal, 2-2.5 cm. long. May-July. Hokkaido, Honshu, across; sepals ovate, membranous, white-puberulent near mar- 



