628 



Theaceae 



1. Camellia japonica L. Thea japonica (L.) H. Baill.; 

 C. japonica var. spontanea (Makino) Makino; T. japonica var. 



spontanea Makino Yabu-tsubaki. Evergreen tree or shrub 



with glabrous branches; leaves elliptic or oblong, 6-12 cm. 

 long, 3-7 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate, serrulate, glabrous on 

 both surfaces, deep green and lustrous, the petioles 8-15 mm. 

 long; flowers solitary and subterminal, sessile, red, the bracte- 

 oles many, small, rounded, white-puberulous on outer side; 

 sepals 5, rather unequal, ovate-orbicular, 1-2 cm. long; petals 

 5, 3-5 cm. long, often nearly erect to ascending-spreading, 

 rounded to slightly retuse or emarginate, connate and adnate 

 to the stamens at base; stamens numerous, the filaments white 

 or creamy yellow, the outer ones united to form a tube for 

 1/2-2/3 their length, the anthers yellow; ovary glabrous; style 

 trifid; capsules globose, 4-5 cm. across, with a thick pericarp; 

 seeds large, dark-brown. Feb.-Apr. Near seashores; Hon- 

 shu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. Korea and Ryukyus. 



Var. hortensis (Makino) Makino. T. japonica var. horten- 

 sis Makino Tsueaki. Includes cultivars with single to dou- 

 ble, red, white, or blotched flowers. 



Var. macrocarpa Masam. Yakushima-tsubaki, Ringo- 

 TsuBAKi. Fruit larger, about 5 cm. across, the pericarp very 

 thick, about 1.5 cm. thick; seeds rather small, darker brown. 

 ^Mountains of Kyushu (Yakushima) and Shikoku, extend- 

 ing to Amami-Oshima. 



Camellia reticulata Lindl. T6-tsueaki. Leaves regu- 

 larly serrulate, strongly veined; flowers large, semi-double, rose- 

 colored; ovary hairy. Native of China, but sometimes 



cultivated in our area. 



2. Camellia rusticana Honda. C. japonica subsp. rus- 



ticana (Honda) Kitam. Yuki-tsubaki, Saruiwa-tsubaki. 



Small tree or shrub with ascending or suberect glabrous 

 branches; leaves thick, oblong to elliptic, sometimes obovate- 



oblong, 6-12 cm. long, 3.5-6 cm. wide, abruptly to gradually 

 acuminate, acutely ascending-serrulate, glabrous, deep green 

 and lustrous on upper side, green beneath, the petioles 5-8 

 mm. long; flowers subterminal on the branchlets, solitary, ses- 

 sile, reddish, the bracteoles rather numerous, externally pilo- 

 sulous; sepals orbicular, about 1 cm. long; petals 5, wide- 

 spreading, distincdy retuse to shallowly bifid, 2.5-4 cm. long, 

 about 2 cm. wide, shortly connate at base; outer filaments yel- 

 low, obliquely spreading, shortly united above base, the anthers 

 deep yellow; styles 3- or 4-fid; fruit globose, about 2.5 cm. in 



diameter, with rather thick pericarp. Apr.-June. Thickets 



and thin woods on mountain slopes; Honshu (Japan Sea side 

 of centr. distr. and northw.). 



3. Camellia sasanqua Thunb. Thea sasanqua (Thunb.) 

 Noisette; Thea miyagii Koidz.; T. sasanqua var. thunbergii 



Pierre Sazanka. Small evergreen tree with slender 



branches; branchlets terete, ascending- or spreading-pilose; 

 leaves thinly coriaceous, broadly oblanceolate to narrowly ob- 

 ovate or narrowly oblong, 3-7 cm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, acute 

 with an obtuse tip or sometimes emarginate, obtusely serrulate, 

 with ascending short hairs on the midrib on both sides, the 

 lateral nerves and veinlets slender, only slightly raised on both 

 sides, the petioles 2-5 mm. long, slightly pilose on the upper 

 side; flowers subterminal, sessile, white (also pink to rose in 

 cultivars), 4-7 cm. across; sepals depressed-orbicular, about 1 

 cm. long; petals obovate or oblong, retuse or shallowly bifid, 

 widely spreading; stamens numerous, the filaments slightly 

 connate at base; ovary densely white-pilose; capsules obovoid- 

 globose, loosely long-pilose, 1.5-2 cm. across, with a rather 



thick pericarp. Oct.-Dec. Thickets and grassy slopes in 



mountains; Kyushu. Many cultivars are grown in gardens. 



Ryukyus. 



3. STEWARTIA L. 



Natsu-tsubaki Zoku 



Deciduous shrubs or trees; leaves membranous; flowers bisexual, solitary, rather large, sessile or short-pedicellate, axillary, 

 white or reddish, bibracteolate; sepals 5 or 6, rather unequal, connate at base; petals as many as the sepals, imbricate, connate at 

 base; stamens usually adnate to the petals and connate at base, the anthers versatile; ovary 5-locular; styles 5, free or connate; 

 ovules 2 in each locule, anatropous, ascending; capsules ovoid, woody, loculicidally dehiscent; seeds lenticular, entire or nar- 

 rowly wing-margined, the endosperm scanty. About 8 species, in e. Asia and N. America. 



lA. Leaves (4-)6— 12 cm. long, appressed-pilose beneath, acute to abruptly short-acuminate; pedicels 1-6 cm. long; bracteoles always shorter 

 than the sepals; flowers 6-7 cm. across; sepals depressed-orbicular; filaments glabrous; ovary and capsules pilose. 



1 . S, pseudocamellia 

 IB. Leaves 3-7(-8) cm. long, glabrous or pilose only on nerves beneath, acuminate to acute; pedicels less than 1 cm. long; bracteoles as 

 long as or longer than the sepals; flowers L5-4 cm. across; sepals lanceolate to ovate; filaments white-hairy at base. 



2A. Ovary and capsules glabrous; branches grayish or dark brown; flowers 3.5-4 cm. across; sepals 12-17 mm. long 2. 5. serrata 



2B. Ovary and capsules white-pilose; branches reddish brown; flowers 1.5-2 cm. across; sepals 4-7 mm. long 3. 5. monadelpha 



1. Stewartia pseudocamellia Maxim. S. grandiflora 



Carr. Natsu-tsubaki. Tree with grayish brown branches, 



the young branches usually with appressed white hairs on 

 lower portion while young; leaves membranous, obovate or 

 elliptic, (4-) 6-12 cm. long, 3-5 cm. wide, acute to short- 

 acuminate, acute to subcuneate at base, mucronate-serrate, 

 green, glabrous on upper side, pilose and with axillary tufts 

 of hairs beneath, the lateral nerves 6 or 7 pairs, the petioles 

 3-15 mm. long; pedicels axillary, 1-6 cm. long, glabrescent, 

 the bracteoles 2, cordate-orbicular, 4-6 mm. long, much shorter 

 than the sepals; flowers 6-7 cm. across; sepals depressed- 

 orbicular, 8-12 mm. long, with dense long white silky hairs, 

 tubercled on margin; petals white, 3-4 cm. long, obovate, 

 irregularly denticulate, densely white-silky on back; filaments 

 glabrous; ovary pilose; capsules 5(-6)-angled, conical, ovoid. 



gradually acuminate, about 1.5 cm. across, white-pilose. July. 



Mountains; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



2. Stewartia serrata Maxim. Hikosan-hime-shara. 

 Tree with grayish to dark brown branchlets, densely spotted 

 while young, glabrous or thinly long-pilose; leaves rather thick- 

 membranous or chartaceous, ovate-elliptic or elliptic, 3-7(-8) 

 cm. long, 1.5-3.5(-4) cm. wide, acuminate, acute at base, 

 mucronate-serrate, glabrous or pilose on midrib on upper side, 

 pale green with axillary tufts of hairs and loosely appressed- 

 pilose on midrib beneath, the lateral nerves and midrib often 

 reddish; flowers in upper axils, white, 3.5-4 cm. across, the 

 pedicels 2-4 mm. long, the bracteoles leaflike; narrowly ovate, 

 usually longer than the sepals; sepals broadly lanceolate, 12-17 

 mm. long, serrate; petals obovate, 2.5-3 cm. long, obtusely ser- 

 rulate, white-silky on back; ovary glabrous; capsules ob- 



