656 Onagraceae 



3. EPILOBIUM L. Akabana Zoku 



Herbs or half-shrubs; leaves opposite or some of them alternate, entire or toothed; flowers solitary in axils or in terminal 

 racemes or spikes, white, rose, or red-purple; calyx-tube adnate to ovary, linear, 4-angled or terete, the limb 4-lobed, deciduous; 

 petals 4, obovate or obcordate; stamens 8; ovary 4-locular; styles prominent, the stigmas clavate or 4-lobed; ovules many, ascend- 

 ing, in 2 series on inner angle of the locule; capsules elongate, linear, 4-angled, loculicidally dehiscent, 4-valved, the axis persistent; 



seeds many, ascending, comose. About 160 species, especially in the temperate and northern parts of the N. Hemisphere, 



abundant also in New Zealand. 



(Treatment chiefly that of Dr. Hiroshi Hara.) 



lA. Petals large, about 1.5 cm. long, entire, rose-purple; stamens and styles declined, the stigma deeply 4-lobed; plant 1-1.5 m. high, 



robust, with alternate leaves and a terminal racemose inflorescence I.E. angustifoUum 



IB. Petals smaller, 3—12 mm. long, emarginate, white to pale rose; stamens and styles erect; plants smaller and more slender, with more or 

 less opposite leaves and axillary flowers, the inflorescence seldom racemose. 

 2A. Stigma 4-lobed; petals 7-12 mm. long. 



3A. Plant large, about 1 m. high; stems long spreading-pilose; pedicels, ovary, and calyx densely short-glandular and long-pubescent; 



flowers 12-15 mm. long 2. E. hirstitum var. viUosum 



3B. Plant smaller, 15-60 cm. high; stems and flowers with curved puberulence; flowers 7-11 mm. long 3. E. montanum 



23. Stigma simple, capitate to clavate; petals mostly shorter. 



4 A. Leaves nearly entire or obscurely serrulate; ovary densely white appressed-puberulent. 



5A. Seeds oblanceolate, 1.5-2.7 mm. long; flowers 5-9 mm. long; calyx 4-5 mm. long; leaves linear to ovate-lanceolate, obtuse to 



subacute; plant with stolons 4. E. palttstre var. lavandiilaejolium 



5B. Seeds narrowly oblong, 1-1.5 mm. long, obtuse at both ends; flowers 3.5-4.5 mm. long; calyx 2.5-3.5 mm. long; leaves nar- 

 rowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate, short-acute to obtuse; plant without stolons 5. E. jastigiatoramosum 



4B. Leaves distinctly serrulate; ovary short-hairy. 



6A. Median leaves linear or narrowly lanceolate, 1-5 mm. wide. 



7A. Rhizomes with a terminal scaly subterranean winter bud; leaves with 1— 2(-4) small teeth on each side; calyx-lobes minutely 



mucronate; pedicels 1-3.5 cm. long; stems slender 6. E. jauriei 



7B. Rhizomes with subsessile innovation-shoots on the neck; leaves finely toothed; calyx-lobes prominently mucronate; pedicels 



5-12 mm. long; stems usually stouter 7. E. jormosanum 



6B. Median leaves broader, oblong-lanceolate to broadly ovate, (3-) 5— 35 mm. wide. 

 8A. Stigma capitate. 



9A. Stems densely long curved-puberulent along the ridges; leaves puberulent on nerves and on margin; ovary sparsely 



glandular-puberulent or the hairs not glandular 8. E. amurense 



9B. Stems curved-puberulent or glabrous; ovary appressed curved-pubescent or glabrous 9. E. cephalosiigma 



8B. Stigma clavate. 



lOA. Plants stout, (15-)35-90 cm. high; leaves usually rounded at base, prominently toothed; ovary densely glandular- or 

 curved-puberulent. 

 IIA. Plant stoloniferous; stems without ridges; leaves 2—10 cm. long, 0.5-3 cm. wide; ovary usually prominently glandular- 

 puberulent; seeds 1.5-1.8 mm. long, the coma often red-brown 10. E. pyrricholophum 



IIB. Plant with subsessile innovation shoots at base; stems ridged; leaves 4—9 cm. long, 1.5-2.5 cm. wide; ovary densely 

 curved-puberulent and sparingly glandular-puberulent; seeds 0.8-1.4 mm. long, the coma whitish. 



1 1 . E. glandulosum var. asiaticum 

 lOB. Plants usually smaller, 5-30 cm. high; leaves narrowed at base, often obsoletely toothed; ovary glabrous or with glandular 

 or curved puberulence. 



12A. Seeds without papillae; flowers 3.5-4.5 mm. long; pedicels thinly glandular-puberulent 12. E. shiroumense 



12B. Seeds minutely papillose; flowers 4-6 mm. long. 



13A. Pedicels thinly glandular-puberulent, 3-20 mm. long in fruit 13. £. foucaudianum 



13B. Pedicels thinly curved-puberulent, 22—35 mm. long in fruit 14. E. dielsii 



1. Epilobium angustifolium L. Chamaenerion angusti- common. Widely distributed in the temperate and north- 



foUum (L.) Sco'p.; E. spicatum 'Lam. ^Yanagi-ran. Rhi- ern parts of the N. Hemisphere. 



zomatous perennial, 1-1.5 m. high; stems stout, erect, usually 2. Epilobium hirsutum L. var. villosum Hausskn. O- 



simple, terete, glabrous or sparsely curved-puberulent; leaves akabana. With creeping rhizomes and stout stolons; stems 



numerous, alternate, lanceolate, 8-15 cm. long, 1-3 cm. wide, about 1 m. long, erect, rather stout, much branched, terete, 



acimiinate, narrowed toward the subsessile base, subentire, densely long spreading-pilose and short glandular-puberulent; 



puberulent on the midrib and glaucous beneath; racemes leaves linear-oblong to linear-lanceolate, 3-10 cm. long, 5-18 



terminal, elongate, many-flowered, the bracts linear, the pedi- mm. wide, acute, slightly narrowed at base, sessile, clasping, 



eels 8-30 mm. long; flowers 2-3 cm. across; ovary densely acutely toothed, long-pubescent on both sides; flowers rose, 



curved-puberulent; calyx deeply 4-cleft to just above the ovary, 12-15 mm. long, mucronate in bud, the pedicels short, densely 



the lobes oblanceolate, about 1.5 cm. long; petals rose-purple, short-glandular and long spreading-pubescent; calyx 9-11 mm. 



obovate-orbicular, about 1.5 cm. long, entire, short-clawed at long, the lobes 7-9 mm. long; petals broadly obovate, bifid, 10- 



base; stamens and styles declined, the stigmas deeply 4-lobed; 12 mm. long; stigmas 4-fid; capsules 5-8 cm. long, the pedicels 



capsules 8-10 cm. long. July-Aug. Gregarious in grassy 4-12 mm. long; seeds oblong-obovate, 1-1.2 mm. long, 



places; Hokkaido, Honshu (centr. distr. and northw.); rather rounded at apex, very densely papillose. July-Aug. Hon- 



