660 



Haloragaceae 



1. HALORAGIS Forst. 



Ari-no-to-gusa Zoku 



Glabrous or strigose perennials or subshrubs; leaves small, usually coriaceous, entire or serrate, sometimes pinnately lobed, 

 often with cartilaginous margins, the lower ones often opposite, the upper alternate; bracteoles 2 or absent; flowers small, short- 

 pedicelled, axillary or in racemes, usually deflexed or nodding, unisexual or bisexual; calyx-tube with 4 or 8 ribs, the lobes 

 usually 4, short, sometimes peltate; petals usually 4, membranous to coriaceous, valvate; stamens usually 8, with short filaments; 

 ovary 2- to 4-locular or 1-locular; styles 2-4 or absent, the stigmas usually pinnate; ovules solitary in each locule; fruit an in- 

 dehiscent small drupe, striate, winged, or spined. ^About 60 species, chiefly in Australia, few in N. America, e. and s. Asia, 



and the Pacific Islands. 



lA. Leaves broadly linear, 1-1.5 mm. vsjide, often with a broadly linear to linear-lanceolate lobe or tooth on each side above the middle; 



inflorescence simple 1. H. walkeri 



IB. Leaves ovate to broadly so, 5-10 mm. wide, few-toothed; inflorescence branched 2. H. micrantha 



1. Haloragis walkeri Ohwi. Hos6ba-ari-no-t6-gusa. 

 Rather firm glabrous perennial herb, much branched from a 

 somewhat ligneous scarcely thickened ascending base; stems 

 slender, weakly 4-striate, simple or rarely sparsely branched, 

 erect, leafy; leaves rather firm, cauline, opposite, sometimes 

 alternate in upper ones, broadly linear, 1-2 cm. long, 1-1.5 

 mm. wide, gradually narrowed at base, sessile, scabrid on mar- 

 gin, simple and entire or more often 3-parted above the mid- 

 dle, the segments linear-lanceolate to broadly linear, acuminate 

 with an obtuse tip; median leaves larger, 5-7 mm. long, the 

 lateral ones obliquely spreading to ascending, 2-5 mm. long or 

 sometimes reduced to an obtuse tooth, the midrib slighdy 

 raised beneath; spikes terminal, bracteate, erect, loosely 

 flowered; flowers solitary or in pairs, the short pedicels minutely 

 bibracteolate; calyx-teeth minute, ovate-deltoid, papillose-sca- 

 brid; petals 4, navicular, 1.5 mm. long, obtuse and subcucullate 

 at apex, pilose on back; stamens 8. July. Wet places; Kyu- 

 shu (Mageshima near Tanegashima) . 



2. Haloragis micrantha (Thunb.) R. Br. Gonocarpus 



micranthus Thunb. Ari-no-t6-gusa. Glabrous perennial; 



stems erect from a creeping much-branched base, 10-30 cm. 

 long, slender, 4-angled; leaves usually opposite, the upper ones 

 alternate, ovate to broadly so, 7-15 mm. long, 5-10 mm. wide, 

 acute or subacute, rounded at base, somewhat cartilaginous and 

 translucent on margin, few-toothed, the petioles 0.5-1 mm. 

 long; racemes 3-10 cm. long, loosely many-flowered, usually 

 paniculately compound, the bracts minute, the pedicels slender, 

 0.3-0.5 mm. long, curved downward; flowers small, deflexed, 

 brownish yellow; calyx-tube broadly obovoid, about 1 mm. 

 long in fruit, with 8 raised ribs, the lobes 4, ovate, about Vi as 

 long as the calyx-tube, erect, subacute, slightly cordate at base; 

 petals oblong, inflexed and mitrate at apex, 2-2.5 times as 



long as the calyx-lobes, deciduous. July-Sept. Grassy places 



in mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Ryukyus, Formosa, China, Malaysia, and Australia. 



2. MYRIOPHYLLUM L. 



FusA-Mo Zoku 



Soft, glabrous, often aquatic herbs; leaves opposite, alternate, or verticillate, linear to ovate, entire or toothed, sometimes pin- 

 nately lobed, the immersed ones often pinnately dissected into filiform segments; flowers unisexual, small, solitary in axils or in a 

 terminal spike, sessile, the stamina te uppermost, the pistillate below; calyx-tube of staminate flowers very short, the lobes 

 4 or rarely 2; petals 2-4; stamens 2-8, filiform; calyx-tube of pistillate flowers 4-grooved, the lobes obscure or 4, linear, minute; 

 petals minute or absent; ovary 4- or rarely 2-locular; styles 4, short, pinnate, usually reflexed; ovules solitary in each locule; 

 drupe 4-grooved or separating into 4 nutlike fruits, the pericarp coriaceous or slighdy fleshy, sometimes tuberculate on back. 

 About 40 species, in wet places or aquatic. 



lA. Flowers axillary 1. M. verticillatum 



IB. Flowers in spikes. 



2A. Aerial leaves pinnately lobed; plants monoecious. 



3A. Aerial leaves green; petals and calyx-tube smooth 2. M. spicatum 



3B. Aerial leaves whitish on upper side; petals of staminate flowers and calyx-tube of pistillate flowers minutely papillose. 3. M. ogtiraense 

 2B. Aerial leaves usually linear; plants dioecious 4. M. ussuriense 



1. Myriophyllum verticillatum L. Fusa-mo. Aquatic Widely distributed in temperate regions of the world. 



perennial herb; stems often much elongate, sparsely branched, 2. Myriophyllum spicatum L. Hozaki-no-fusa-mo. 



with cylindric winter buds in axils; leaves verticillate in 4's, Aquatic monoecious perennial herb; stems elongate, often 1.5 



sessile, the immersed ones 3-4 cm. long, pinnately dissected m. long, sparsely branched; leaves verticillate in 4's, sessile, 



into capillary segments, but the aerial ones linear-oblong, 2-3.5 cm. long, pinnately cleft or dissected, the segments fili- 



1-1.5 cm. long, 3-5 mm. wide, pinnately cleft into narrowly form, entire, the aerial leaves green; inflorescence aerial, spi- 



linear ascending lobes; flowers solitary in axils of aerial leaves, cate, 3-8 cm. long, with 4 flowers at each node, the bracts nar- 



the staminate terminal; petals 4, narrowly oblong, about 3 rowly oblong, spreading, 1-1.5 mm. long, entire, obtuse; 



mm. long, obtuse; stamens 8, the anthers 1.5-2 mm. long; staminate flowers on upper part of the spike, the petals 4, 



pistillate flowers below the staminate; calyx-tube urceolate, about 2.5 mm. long, obtuse, deciduous at anthesis; stamens 8, 



with 4 obtuse angles; fruit ovoid-globose, about 2.5 mm. long, the anthers 1.5 mm. long; calyx-tube in the pistillate flowers 



4-grooved, crowned by the persistent calyx-lobes and remnant nearly campanulate, 4-grooved, about 1 mm. long, the lobes 



of the styles. May-July. Ponds and ditches in lowlands; minute; fruit globose-ovoid, about 2.5 mm. long, separating 



Hokkaido (sw. distr.), Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. into 4 nutiike fruits, smooth on back. May-Oct. Ponds and 



