Haloragaceae; Hippuridaceae; Theligonaceae ; Araliaceae 



661 



ditches; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



Widely distributed in warmer and temperate regions of the 

 world. 



Var. muricatum Maxim. Toge-hozaki-no-fusa-mo. Mar- 

 gins of fruitlets on back with callose tubercles. 



3. Myriophyllum oguraense Miki. Ogura-no-fusa-mo. 

 Resembles the preceding species; winter-buds elongate, 6-8 cm. 

 long, about 3 mm. across; leaves pinnately cleft, verricillate in 

 4's, the immersed ones 5 cm. long, the segments about 2.5 cm. 

 long, the aerial ones about 1 cm. long, the lobes ascending, 

 linear, whitish on upper side in life; pistillate flowers in lower 

 leaf a.xils, the calyx-tube minutely papillose; staminate flowers 

 in upper leaf axils, the petals 4, minutely papillose; stamens 8. 

 Nov. Ponds and ditches; Honshu (Kinki Distr.), Shi- 

 koku. 



4. Myriophyllum ussuriense (Kegel) Maxim. M. verti- 



cillatum var. ussuriense Kegel Tachi-mo. Winter-buds 



6-8 mm. long, to 3 mm. wide; stems 5-20 cm. long, much 

 elongate in the immersed ones; leaves verticillate in 3's or 4's, 

 pinnately parted, broadly lanceolate, 5-10 mm. long, the seg- 

 ments linear, short, entire, the upper leaves linear, entire; flow- 

 ers unisexual (plants dioecious) ; petals of the staminate flowers 

 4, obovate-oblong, about 2 mm. long, obtuse; stamens 8, the 

 anthers about 1 mm. long; calyx-tube of pistillate flowers glo- 



bose-urceolate, with short tubercles. June-Sept. Wet places 



and ponds; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. Ussuri, 



Amur, Manchuria, Korea, and Formosa. 



Fam. 151. HIPPURIDACEAE Sugina-mo Ka Marestail Family 



Aquatic or marsh herbs; stems erect; leaves simple, verticillate, entire; flowers small, solitary in axils, sessile, bisexual or uni- 

 sexual; caly.x-tube subglobose, terete, entire; petals absent; stamens solitary, superior, the filaments rather short, the anthers basi- 

 fixed, longitudinally split on inner side; ovary I-locular; style solitary, papillose the full length; ovules solitary, pendulous from 

 the top of the locule; drupe coriaceous, the stone crustaceous, I-seeded; seeds short-cylindric, the testa membranous, endosperm 

 scanty, embryo cylindric. A single genus, with about 3 species, in cooler regions of the N. Hemisphere and S. America. 



1. HIPPURIS L. SUGINA-MO ZOKU 



characters of the family. 



1. Hippuris vulgaris L. Sugina-mo. Mostly glabrous 

 aquatic herb with long-creeping rhizomes; stems erect, simple, 

 20-50 cm. long; leaves verticillate in 6's to 12's, entire, the 

 aerial ones broadly linear to narrowly oblong, 1-1.5 cm. long, 

 about 2 mm. wide, obtuse, spreading, the immersed ones 2-6 

 cm. long, 2-3 mm. wide, 1-nerved; flowers axillary in the 

 upper aerial leaves, solitary, sessile; calyx about 1 mm. long. 



the limb entire; anthers broadly ovate, embracing the style on 

 innerside at first; style linear, slender; fruit narrowly oblong, 

 about 2 mm. long, smooth. July-Aug. Wet places and shal- 

 low ponds; Hokkaido, Honshu (Osenuma in Kotsuke and 



northw.). Widely distributed in cooler parts of the N. 



Hemisphere. 



Fam. 152. THELIGONACEAE Yamatogusa Ka Theligonum Family 



Herbs; leaves somewhat fleshy, ovate, the lower opposite, the upper alternate, entire; stipules membranous; flowers unisexual 

 (plants monoecious), axillary, nearly sessile; perianth of staminate flowers with 2-5 sepals; stamens 10-30, the anthers linear, 

 on long capillary filaments; perianth of the pistillate flowers small, connate, 3- or 4-toothed; ovary inferior; carpels 1; ovules 

 witii single integument; stigma 1, lateral; fruit a small achene. One genus, with about four species, in the Mediterranean re- 

 gion and e. Asia. 



1. THELIGONUM L. Yamatogusa Zoku 



Characters of the family. 



1. Theligonum japonicum Okubo & Makino. Cyno- 



crambe japoniea (Okubo Sc Makino) Makino Yamatogusa. 



Perennial; stems loosely branched and creeping at base, terete, 

 15-30 cm. long, with a longitudinal line of recurved short 

 hairs; leaves ovate or narrowly so, 1-3 cm. long, 8-20 mm. 

 wide, short-acuminate to obtuse, entire, loosely short-pubescent, 

 the petioles 5-10 mm. long; stipules slightly connate at base, 

 membranous, 2-3 mm. long; staminate flowers 1 or 2 on each 

 node, subsessile, 8-10 mm. long just before anthesis, the 

 perianth-segments 3, membranous, valvate, narrowly oblong. 



obtuse, strongly circinnate at anthesis, about lO-nervuIose; sta- 

 mens 20-25, free, the anthers pendulous on capillary filaments, 

 4-5 mm. long, linear; pistillate flowers small, axillary, sessile, 

 with a bracteole at base, the calyx obovoid, coarsely pilose; 

 stigma from the small bilobed body attached laterally to the 

 calyx, minutely papillose; achenes narrowly obovate or obovate- 



elliptic, 3-3.5 mm. long, flat, coarsely pilose on both sides. 



Apr.-June. Woods in mountains; Honshu (Kanto and Kinki 

 Distr.), Shikoku, Kyushu. 



Fam. 153. ARALIACEAE Ukogi Ka Ginseng Family 



Evergreen or deciduous trees, shrubs, or herbs, rarely scandcnt; stems often spiny or prickly; leaves alternate, rarely opposite 

 or falsely verticillate, simple, or palmately to pinnately compound; stipules absent or at base of petioles; inflorescence in umbels 



