Araliaceae 



665 



6B. Leaflets pctiolulcd, 5-15 cm. long; umbels 1-3, terminal, on long loosely leaved shoots; prickles slender; styles minutely 5-lobcd 

 at apex; flowering August and September. 



7A. Inflorescence usually with 3 umbels; plant nearly glabrous throughout 7. A. hypoUuciis 



7B. Inflorescence usually with a solitary umbel; pctiolules and nerves of leaflets pubescent beneath 8. ^. senlicosus 



5B. Styles 2. 



8A. Shrub; styles 2-2.5 mm. long; inflorescence densely gray-brown crispcd-pubescent, the axis with several to 10 or more umbels on 



long, loosely leaved shoots; branches with thickened prickles; leaflets 5-12 cm. long (>. A. divaricalus 



8B. Tree; styles 0.3-0.5 mm. long; inflorescence glabrous, with abbreviated axis, with few lateral branches and numerous umbels; 

 branches unarmed; terminal leaflets 10-15 cm. long 9. A. sciadophylloides 



1. Acanthopanax japonicus Fr. & Sav. A. nipponicus 



Makino, saltern pro parte; A. commixta Nakai, pro parte 



Oka-ukogi. Shrub with gray-brown, glabrous, prickly 

 branches; leaves glabrous, the petioles 2-8 cm. long, the leaf- 

 lets 5, herbaceous, nearly equal in size, obovate to broadly 

 cuneate-oblanceolate, 2-4 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, rounded, 

 long-cuneate at base, sessile, margins toward tip with mucron- 

 ulate, incurved, obtusely acute teeth or sometimes radier ir- 

 regularly incised, with a thin membrane and tuft of hairs in 

 axil of nerves beneath; umbels many-flowered, glabrous, the 

 peduncles glabrous, 4-6 cm. long, the pedicels 4-6 mm. long; 

 fruit black, slighdy flattened, globose, 5-6 mm. across; styles 

 2.5 mm. long, free or connate on lower half. ^May. Hon- 

 shu, Kyushu. 



2. Acanthopanax spinosus (L. f.) Miq. Panax spinosum 



L. f.; Aralia pentaphylla Thunb. Yama-ukogi, Oni-ukogi. 



Shrub usually widi prickly branches; petioles 3-7 cm. long, 

 glabrous, with a tuft of crisped hairs at apex; leaflets 5, mem- 

 branous, slighdy unequal in length, narrowly obovate to obo- 

 vate-cuneate, 2-7 cm. long, 1-3.5 cm. wide, acute to obtuse, 

 acute to acuminate toward the petiolelike base, glabrous, with 

 obscure incurved teeth, a thin membrane, and a tuft of hairs 

 in the axil of nerves beneath; umbels many-flowered, the pe- 

 duncles 2-5 cm. long, the pedicels 8-12 mm. long; fruit black, 

 rather flattened, globose, 5-6 mm. across; styles slender, 2-2.5 



mm. long, free or connate only at base. May. Honshu; 



common. 



3. Acanthopanax nikaianus Koidz. ex Nakai. A. nip- 

 ponicus Nakai Urage-ukogi. Shrub usually with prickly 



branches; leaves 5-foliolate, the petioles 3-7(-10) cm. long, the 

 leaflets membranous, rhombic- or broadly obovate, 1.5-5 cm. 

 long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, acute, acuminate to cuneate at base, 

 doubly serrate to somewhat incised, sparsely strigose on upper 

 side, callose-pilose beneath; umbels glabrous, radier many- 

 flowered, the peduncles 2-3 (^) cm. long, the pedicels 5-8 mm. 

 long; fruit globose, about 5 mm. long; styles slender, about 2 



mm. long, nearly free. May. Honshu (Kinki Distr. and 



wesCw.), Kyushu. 



4. Acanthopanax trichodon Fr. & Sav. Miyama-ukogi. 

 Prickly shrub with grayish white branches; petioles 2-5 cm. 

 long, purplish red; leaflets thin, rhombic- or cuneate-obovate, 

 2-6 cm. long, 1-2 cm. wide, acuminate with an acute tip, 

 somewhat cuneate at base, lcx)sely spinulose on margin and 

 nerves on upper side; umbels terminal on new shoots, purplish 

 red, glabrous, the peduncles 2-^ cm. long, slender; flowers 

 many, the pedicels 1-2 cm. long, slender; fruit slighdy flat- 

 tened, globose, about 6 mm. across, purple-black; styles about 1 



mm. long, free, somewhat appressed to the fruit. May-June. 



Mountains; Honshu (Kanto, Tokaido, and Kinki Distr.); rare. 



5. Acanthopanax sieboldianus Makino. Aralia pen- 

 taphylla Sieb. & Zucc, non Thunb. Ukogi, Hime-ukogi. 



Shrub with prickly, grayish, glabrous branches; petioles 3-10 

 cm. long; leaflets (3-)5, rather unequal, the terminal ones 



rather thick, deep green, oblanceolate to obovate-oblong, 3-7 

 cm. long, 1-2.5 cm. wide, acuminate at base, short-toothed, 

 glabrous; umbels terminal, solitary, on short spurs, glabrous, 

 the peduncles 5-10 cm. long, rather thick, the pedicels 1-2 cm. 

 long; fruit globose, 6-7 mm. across, not flattened, black, with 

 5-7 stones; styles 5-7, about 1.2 mm. long, connate on lower 

 half, the upper free porUon recurved. May-June. Culti- 

 vated in our area for medicinal and culinary uses. China. 



6. Acanthopanax divaricatus (Sieb. & Zucc.) Seem. 

 Panax divaricatus Sieb. & Zucc; Kalopanax divaricatus (Sieb. 



& Zucc.) Miq.; A. asperatus Fr. & Sav. Ke-yama-ukogi, 



Oni-ukogi. Shrub; branches with broadened prickles, densely 

 gray-brown crisped-pubescent when young; leaves 5-foliolate, 

 the petioles 3-8 cm. long, shorter than to as long as the leaflets, 

 densely crisped-pubescent, often short-prickly, the leaflets ovate 

 or obovate-oblong, 5-12 cm. long, 2-6 cm. wide, acuminate to 

 acute, acuminate at base, doubly toothed, puberulent on nerves 

 on upper side, paler green and densely gray-brown crisped- 

 pubescent beneath especially on nerves, the lateral nerves pin- 

 nate, the petiolules 0.8 mm. long; inflorescence paniculately 

 racemose, terminal, with several to 10 or more umbels, on long 

 loosely leaved new shoots, densely gray-brown crisped-pubes- 

 cent; flowers in the terminal umbels bisexual, the others stami- 

 nate, the pedicels 3-10 mm. long; fruit globose, about 6 mm. 

 across, black, pubescent near the persistent calyx-teeth; styles 

 connate the full length, slighdy bifid at apex, slender, 2-2.5 



mm. long. Aug.-Sept. Mountains; Hokkaido, Honshu, 



Shikoku, Kyushu; rather rare. China. 



7. Acanthopanax hypoleucus Makino. A. jauriei 



Harms; A. higoensis Hatus. Urajiro-ukogi. Shrub; 



branches rusty-brown, with needlelike prickles or unarmed, 

 glabrous; petioles 3-12 cm. long, purplish; leaflets thinly char- 

 taceous, obovate-oblong, 7-15 cm. long, 2.5-5 cm. wide, acumi- 

 nate, acute to acuminate at base, toothed, green on upper side, 

 glaucous beneath, glabrous, the petiolules 5-10 mm. long; in- 

 florescence on new shoots, glabrous, sparsely branched; umbels 

 2 or 3, rather long-peduncled, the pedicels many, rather slen- 

 der, 1-2 cm. long; fruit globose, 6-8 mm. across, purple-black; 

 style wholly connate, 1-1.2 mm. long, obsoletely 5-lobed; stones 



5. Aug. Mountains; Honshu (Shinano, Kai, Musashi 



Prov.); rare. 



8. Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Harms. 

 Hedera senticosa Rupr. & Maxim.; Elcutherococcus senti- 

 cosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim.; A. elcutherococcus (Maxim.) 



Makino Ezo-ukogi. Shrub, branches gray-brown, with 



acicular prickles especially around the base of petioles; petioles 

 3-8 cm. long, loosely crisped-pilose or glabrous; leaflets mem- 

 branous, obovate-oblong or narrowly obovate, 6-10 cm. long, 

 2-4 cm. wide, abruptly acuminate, acute at base, acutely double- 

 toothed, loosely brownish crisped-pilose beneath especially on 

 the nerves, the petiolules rather densely pilose, 3-10 mm. long; 

 inflorescence glabrous, terminal on the new shoots, with a sin- 

 gle umbel, the peduncles 2.5-4 cm. long, the pedicels 1-1.8 cm. 



