666 



Araliaceae 



long; fruit ellipsoidal, glabrous, about 6 mm. long, with per- 

 sistent calyx-limb and styles on top; styles short, wholly con- 

 nate, 1-1.8 mm. long, the stigmas small, peltate, obscurely 



5-lobed; stones 5. Aug. Hokkaido. Sakhalin, Korea, 



Manchuria, Amur, and n. China. 

 9. Acanthopanax sciadophylloides Fr. & Sav. Kalo- 



panax sciadophylloides (Fr. & Sav.) Harms ^Koshi-abura. 



Unarmed mosdy glabrous tree with light brown crisped hairs 

 on young growth; branchlets gray-brown, the lenticels elliptic; 

 petioles 7-30 cm. long, with a slightly adnate stipule at base; 

 leaves 5-foliolate, the leaflets unequal, the lateral ones smaller, 

 the terminal ones obovate-oblong to obovate or elliptic, 10-15 

 cm. long, 4-7 cm. wide, acuminate, cuneate or acuminate at 



base, aristate-toothed, paler to slightly glaucous with persistent 

 axillary tufts of crisped hairs beneadi, the petiolules 1-2 cm. 

 long; inflorescence terminal on the new shoots, glabrous, with 

 an abbreviated main axis, the branches slender, 7-12 cm. long, 

 spreading, sparsely branched, with 1-5 umbels on the upper 

 half, the bracts small, deltoid, the pedicels 4-7 mm. long; 

 flowers yellow-green, small; calyx-teeth depressed-deltoid; 

 petals recurved, 1.5 mm. long, about half as long as the sta- 

 mens; fruit globose, slightly flattened, 4-5 mm. across, black- 

 purple; styles 0.3-0.5 mm. long, connate and slightly bifid at 



apex; stones flat, with 2 shallow grooves on each side. Aug. 



Hills; Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



8. EVODIOPANAX Nakai Taka-no-tsume Zoku 



Deciduous trees, unarmed, glabrous; leaves petiolate, alternate, exstipulate; leaflets 3, serrulate, the petioles swollen at base; 

 inflorescence a corymbose-panicle, on short spurs, glabrous; umbels several; flowers small, the bracts and bracteoles minute 

 or absent; calyx-limb absent; petals 5, valvate in bud; stamens 5; styles 2, connate toward base; ovary 2-Iocular; fruit a berrylike 

 drupe, black; stones 2, rather flattened dorsi-ventrally, flat on innerside, convex on back. Two species, in Japan and China. 



1. Evodiopanax innovans (Sieb. & Zucc.) Nakai. Panax 

 innovans Sieb. & Zucc; Acanthopanax innovans (Sieb. & Zucc.) 



Fr. & Sav. Taka-no-tsume, Imo-no-ki. Small tree with 



gray-brown branches; leaflets thinly membranous, 3, some- 

 times 1 or 2, the lateral ones slighdy oblique at base, the termi- 

 nal elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 5-15 cm. long, 2.5-6 cm. wide, 

 acuminate at both ends, sessile, with minute teeth ending in a 

 short awn, glabrous, except a tuft of hairs in axil of nerves be- 



neath, the petioles rather slender, 5-12 cm. long; inflorescence 

 terminal on short spurs, with several pedunculate umbels on 

 upper part, usually with a single branch at base, 7-12 cm. long, 

 the pedicels many, 5-12 mm. long; flowers yellow-green; fruit 

 globose, 5-6 mm. across, black; styles rather slender, about 1 



mm. long, arcuate toward tip. ^May. Hills; Hokkaido, 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 



9. OPLOPANAX Miq. Haribuki Zoku 



Deciduous shrubs unbranched or sparsely branched, densely armed with slender spreading prickles; leaves long-petiolate, often 

 peltate, palmately lobed, toothed, densely prickly, exstipulate; inflorescence a terminal panicle or racemelike panicle with an 

 elongated main axis, rather much branched; flowers bisexual and staminate, greenish; calyx-teeth indistinct; petals 5, valvate 

 in bud; stamens 5; styles 2, free or connate toward base; ovary 2-locular; drupe berrylike, red, slighdy flattened; stones 2, laterally 

 flattened. Three species, in e. Asia, and N. America. 



1. Oplopanax japonicus (Nakai) Nakai. O. horridus 

 var. japonicus (Nakai) Hara and var. brevipes Hara; Echino- 



panax japonicus Nakai Haribuki. Shrub about 1 m. tall; 



stems nearly simple, stout, about 1-1.5 cm. thick throughout, 

 yellowish brown, the prickles 5-10 mm. long; petioles armed, 

 with firm crisped hairs; leaves membranous, orbicular to or- 

 bicular-cordate, 20-40 cm. long and nearly as wide, palmately 

 7- to 9-lobed, loosely armed on nerves on both sides, with long 

 firm crisped hairs especially on nerves beneath, the lobes 



3-parted, long-acuminate, irregularly toothed, setulose on mar- 

 gin; inflorescence solitary, terminal, racemelike, or with short 

 branches at base; umbels many, 10-20 cm. long, 3-5 cm. across, 

 densely crisped-pilose and with prickles, the bracts membran- 

 ous, lanceolate, caducous, the pedicels 3-10 mm. long; fruit 

 globose-obovoid, 6-7 mm. long, red at maturity; styles slender, 



1.5-2 mm. long. June-July. Coniferous woods; Hokkaido, 



Honshu (n. and centr. distr. including Mount Omine in Ya- 

 mato), Shikoku. 



10. KALOPANAX Miq. Harigiri Zoku 



Deciduous tree with thick grayish terete branches and thick prickles, mosdy on the young growth; leaves alternate, often 

 densely aggregated near top of branches, palmately 5- to 9-lobed, the petioles 10-25 cm. long, the lobes 10-30 cm. long and as 

 wide, acuminate, truncate to cordate at base, minutely toothed, usually brownish crisped-pubescent beneath, especially on 

 nerves, and with axillary tufts of hairs beneath, soon becoming glabrous; stipules adnate on innerside to swollen base of 

 petioles; inflorescence terminal on the new shoots, with an abbreviated main axis, composed of several umbellate-pedunculate 

 racemes, the branches 8-15 cm. long, spreading, the bracts 1-2 cm. long, caducous; flowers small, yellow-green, bisexual, the 

 pedicels 7-10 mm. long; calyx-limb 5-toothed; petals 5, valvate in bud, the disc convex; stamens 5; styles 2, 1.5-2 mm. long, 

 connate almost to the top, with 2 short stigma-lobes on innerside; fruit a drupe, globose, 4-5 mm. across, blue-black, with a juicy 

 pericarp; stones 2, rarely 3, prominendy ribbed on back, laterally 2-grooved, flat inside. A single species, in e. Asia. 



1. Kalopanax septemlobus (Thunb.) Koidz. Acer pic- panax ricinif alius (Sieb. & Zucc.) Seem.; K. pictus (Thunb.) 



turn Thunb.; A. septemlobum Thunb.; Panax ricinijolium Koidz. ex Rehd. Harigiri, Sen-no-ki. Tree, branches 



Sieb. & Zucc; K. ricinijolius (Sieb. & Zucc.) Miq.; Acantho- thick, grayish, armed with broad-based erect or slighdy re- 



