Umbelliferae 



669 



1-3 cm. long, the pedicels short; fruits more than 10, the styles 



rather long and slender. June-Sept. Lawns and roadsides 



in lowlands and hills; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 

 Korea, China, and Bonins. 



4. Hydrocot>'le sibthorpioides Lam. H. rottindijolia 



Roxb. Chidome. Glabrous evergreen perennial; stems 



slender, creeping, subterranean; leaves all radical, the blades 

 orbicular-reniform, with overlapping basal margins, 1-1.5 cm. 

 in diameter, the lobes shallow and very obtuse, 3- to 5-toothed, 

 the petioles 1-3 cm. long, the stipules thin, membranous, soon 

 withering, about 1.5 mm. wide; peduncles radical, shorter or 

 slighdy longer than the leaves, 5-12 mm. long; fruits few to 



10, rarely more, the styles short, slender. June-Oct. Shaded 



places in the lowlands; Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu; common. 

 Widely distributed in tropical and warm-temperate Asia. 



5. Hydrocotyle yabei Makino. H. japonica Makino; H. 

 yabei var. japonica (Makino) Hiroe Hime-chidome. Per- 

 ennial, in autumn producing short-cylindric winter-buds at the 

 end of slender, elongate, creeping stems, glabrous or with a 

 few long hairs at the summit of the petiole; stems filiform, 

 long-creeping, loosely leafy; leaves radical, deciduous in au- 

 tumn, the blades reniform-orbicular, with closed to open basal 



margins, 5(-7)-lobed, 5-20 mm. in diameter, the lobes broadly 

 cuneate, with 3-5 obtuse marginal teeth, the petioles 7-20 mm. 

 long, the stipules thin, membranous, about 1.2 mm. wide; 

 peduncles radical, shorter or slightly longer than the leaves, 

 filiform, the pedicels obsolete or nearly so; fruits 2-4(-10), the 



styles slender. June-Oct. Woods in hills and mountains; 



Honshu, Shikoku, Kyushu. 



6. Hydrocotyle dichondroides Makino. H. delicata 

 auct. Japon., non Elmer; H. sibthorpioides var. dichondroides 



(Makino) Hiroe Ke-chidome. Delicate evergreen herb 



with very slender, filiform, creeping stems often thinly white, 

 recurved-puberulent; leaf-blades thin, membranous, reniform- 

 orbicular, with an open sinus at base, 3-10 mm. in diameter, 

 glabrous or short-puberulent on the nerves above, shallowly 

 (on upper 1/5-1/3) 5- to 7-lobcd, the lobes truncate-rounded 

 at apex, with 3-5 obscure teeth, the petioles 5-15 mm. long, 

 sparsely white-puberulent, the stipules about 1 mm. wide; 

 peduncles 5-20 mm. long, very slender, the pedicels obsolete or 

 very short; fruit very small, about 0.8 mm. long, usually pale 



green, the styles short, slender. July-Sept. Kyushu (s. 



distr.). Ryukyus, Formosa. 



2. CENTELLA L. Tsubo-kusa Zoku 



Perennial herbs, rarely suflrutescent, usually with long-creeping stems rooting at the nodes; stipules absent; leaves long- 

 petiolate, the blades usually reniform-cordate, dentate, palmately veined; umbels solitary or in fascicles, axillary, rather few- 

 flowered, rarely 1-flowered, the involucral bracts few, usually thinly membranous; calyx-teeth obsolete; disc flat or slightly con- 

 vex; petals flat, obtuse, slighdy imbricate in bud; fruit flattened laterally, the carpels rather firm, with 7-9 nerves connected by 

 transverse veinlets, the vittae absent, the styles filiform. About 20 species, especially abundant in S. Africa. 



1. Centella asiatica (L.) Urban. Hydrocotyle asiatica 

 L.; H. repanda Pers. Tsubo-kusa. Perennial herb, usu- 



ally woolly-pubescent in young parts; stems long-creeping, 

 rooting at nodes, the scalelike leaves in false pairs; ordinary 

 leaves long-petiolate, fascicled in the axils of scale-leaves, the 

 blades reniform-rounded, 2.5-5 cm. wide, deeply cordate with 

 an open sinus at base, with depressed teeth, the petioles 4-10 

 (-20) cm. long; umbels axillary, on peduncles 2-8 mm. long, 

 2- to 5-flowered, the pedicels very short or obsolete; involucral 



bracts 2, ovate, membranous, persistent; fruit about 3 mm. 

 long, somewhat flattened, depressed ovate-globose, the carpels 

 with raised reticulations, loosely pubescent when young, soon 



glabrate. May-Aug. Old stone walls and rocky, sunny 



places in lowlands and hills especially near seashores; Honshu 

 (s. Kanto Distr., Echigo Prov. and westw.), Shikoku, Kyushu; 



common. s. Korea, Ryukyus, Formosa, China, and the 



warmer regions of the Old World. 



3. BUPLEURUM L. Mishima-saiko Zoku 



Usually perennial, sometimes annual herbs or (rarely) shrubs, glabrous and often glaucous throughout; leaves entire, nar- 

 row, sometimes ensiform, often clasping at base; umbels usually compound, subdivided into umbellets, the involucre and in- 

 volucel usually of leaflike bracts and bracdets, these sometimes small, or lacking; flowers usually pedicellate; calyx-teeth obso- 

 lete; petals yellow, incurved at apex; styles short; stylopodium flat; fruit compressed laterally, sulcate on the commissure, the 

 carpels 5-angled in cross section, the ribs thick or slender, the vittae solitary at the intervals or sometimes nearly obsolete, or dis- 

 persed as oil glands, the carpophore bifid; seeds terete or angled in cross section, the face concave. About 90 species, widely 



distributed in warm-temperate regions of the Old World. 



l.\. Leaves laterally flattened, rather firm, green, with prominent parallel nerves, narrowed at ba.se, broadly linear to narrowly lanceolate, 



not clasping; involucel of small bractlcts; stems 40—70 cm. long 1 . B. jalcattim 



IB. Leaves flattened dorsiventrally, thin, glaucous at least beneath, broadly lanceolate to oblanceolate, the upper ones rounded or auriculatc 

 at base, clasping. 

 2A. Stems 5-10 (-15) cm. long; umbellets 3-5, the rays shorter or slighdy longer than the involucre, the involucel longer than the 



fruit, with broadly elliptic or ovate, abruptly aristatc-mucronate bractlets 2. B. triradtatiim 



28. Stems 20-100 cm. long; umbellets numerous, the rays much longer than the involucre, tlie involucel longer or sometimes slighdy 

 shorter than the fruit, the bractlets acuminate. 

 3.^. Rhizomes thick and short; stolons absent; stems 20-100 cm. long, branched; bractlets of involucel usually lanceolate to narrowly 



oblong, rarely elliptic 3. B. longiradiatiim 



3B. Rhizomes slender; stolons filiform; stems 20--10 cm. long, usually simple; bractlcts of involucel ovate to obovatc-clliptic, or 

 obovate-oblong, usually longer than the pedicels 4. B. nipponiciim 



